Collaborative Proposal: MRA: Linking land-to-water transport and stream carbon cycling to inform macrosystem carbon balance

合作提案：MRA：将陆水运输和溪流碳循环联系起来，为宏观系统碳平衡提供信息

• 批准号: 1926426
• 负责人: Erin Hotchkiss
• 金额: $ 48.94万
• 依托单位: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-03-01 至 2025-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1926426&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Proposal; MRA; Linking; land

Carbon is the energy currency of ecosystems. Carbon emissions from streams and rivers are important sources of carbon to the atmosphere. Scientists rarely measure the movement of carbon from air to plants, into soils and groundwater, through streams and rivers, and back to the atmosphere. This research will develop new methods and data to measure terrestrial carbon cycling through freshwaters. This project will also train diverse students and professionals to conduct research linking terrestrial and freshwater carbon flows. Educators will complete summer research projects using environmental sensors and public datasets to enhance K-12 student understanding of research. Collaborations with industry partners will create common standards for freshwater sensor measurements. The project will also develop open-source software to improve water quality and carbon cycling research with data collected by sensors. The movement of terrestrial carbon across land-water boundaries controls the carbon balance of watersheds and the metabolism of freshwater ecosystems. Streams are the primary interface between terrestrial and freshwater ecosystems. They are ideal testbeds to advance understanding of land-water carbon transfers and meta-ecosystem ecology (i.e., the study of multiple ecosystems linked by energy and material transfers). This research seeks to answer the questions: (1) What is the magnitude and variability of land-to-water carbon transfers and stream carbon emissions in watershed carbon balances? (2) What controls carbon form, cycling, and fate in meta-ecosystems? (3) How does meta-ecosystem carbon cycling in different parts of the United States vary within and among years? The factors regulating carbon metabolism and emissions are predicted to operate at different spatial and temporal scales. Environmental sensors and water chemistry sampling will capture the temporal variability in carbon cycling and losses in soils and streams at paired terrestrial-aquatic National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) research sites across the United States. Project outcomes will advance a predictive understanding of the daily, seasonal, and annual processes controlling watershed carbon cycling through measurements and models that cross land-water boundaries and approaches that integrate biology, geology, and chemistry across space and time.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

碳是生态系统的能源货币。溪流和河流的碳排放是大气中碳的重要来源。科学家很少通过溪流和河流以及回到大气中的碳从空气到植物，土壤和地下水的运动转移到土壤和地下水。这项研究将开发新的方法和数据，以测量通过淡水循环的陆生碳循环。该项目还将培训各种学生和专业人员，以进行联系，以联系陆地和淡水碳流。教育工作者将使用环境传感器和公共数据集完成夏季研究项目，以增强K-12学生对研究的理解。与行业合作伙伴的合作将为淡水传感器测量创建通用标准。该项目还将开发开源软件，以通过传感器收集的数据来改善水质和碳循环研究。地面碳在土地水边界的运动控制着流域的碳平衡和淡水生态系统的代谢。流是陆生和淡水生态系统之间的主要接口。它们是理想的测试床，以提高人们对土地水碳转移和元生态生态学的了解（即对通过能量和材料转移相关的多个生态系统的研究）。该研究试图回答以下问题：（1）在流域碳平衡中，土地到水碳转移和流碳排放的幅度和变化是多少？ （2）是什么控制元生育系统中的碳形式，循环和命运？ （3）在美国不同地区的元生态系统碳循环在几年内和几年内有何不同？预计调节碳代谢和排放的因素将在不同的空间和时间尺度下运行。环境传感器和水化学采样将捕获碳循环的时间变化，以及在美国各地配对的陆地平均国家生态天文台网络（NEON）研究地点的土壤和溪流中的损失。项目成果将通过测量和模型通过测量和模型来提高对控制流域碳循环的日常，季节和年度过程的预测理解，这些模型和模型跨越了空间和时间，这些奖项将生物学，地质学和化学整合到跨时空。这项奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过评估了基金会的范围，并通过评估了基金会的范围，并经过评估。

项目成果

Variability and drivers of CO 2 , CH 4 , and N 2 O concentrations in streams across the United States

美国溪流中 CO 2 、 CH 4 和 N 2 O 浓度的变化和驱动因素

• DOI: 10.1002/lno.12281
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Limnology and Oceanography
• 影响因子: 4.5
• 作者: DelVecchia, Amanda G.;Rhea, Spencer;Aho, Kelly S.;Stanley, Emily H.;Hotchkiss, Erin R.;Carter, Alice;Bernhardt, Emily S.
• 通讯作者: Bernhardt, Emily S.

River ecosystem metabolism and carbon biogeochemistry in a changing world

• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05500-8
• 发表时间: 2023-01
• 期刊: Nature
• 影响因子: 64.8
• 作者: T. Battin;R. Lauerwald;E. Bernhardt;E. Bertuzzo;Lluís Gómez Gener;R. Hall;E. Hotchkiss;T. Maavara