Tree Ring Dating in Western North America

北美西部的树木年轮约会

• 批准号: 1923925
• 负责人: Ronald Towner
• 金额: $ 24.43万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1923925&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Tree; Ring; Dating; Western; North

Tree-ring dating is the most precise non-documentary method of dating archaeological materials from the past two thousand years in North America, and the Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research (LTRR) at the University of Arizona is the only source of archaeological tree-ring dates in the area. With National Science Foundation (NSF) support, the LTRR operates an analysis program for tree-ring samples collected by LTRR and other archaeologists from Alaska to Argentina and from the Pacific Ocean to the Mississippi River. NSF support will allow the program to keep pace with the ever growing demand for archaeological tree-ring dating, and to maintain high production levels and short turnaround times. On average, more than 750 dates from 1500+ archaeological tree-ring samples are produced annually. These data are integrated into relevant archaeological contexts to construct refined cultural sequences and examine important issues of past human behavior that cannot be addressed without accurate, high resolution temporal control. Among these topics are absolute site, locality, and regional chronologies, social organization structure, intergroup interaction, and cultural adaptation to physical and social environments. The program actively promotes the expansion of archaeological tree-ring dating into new regions such as the Southwestern deserts, Great Basin, Great Plains, Rocky Mountains, Alaska, Mexico, and South America; it also supports student research both directly and indirectly. The project has a wide range of broader impacts. Its findings will be integrated into undergraduate and graduate classes in anthropology, geosciences, and other disciplines at the University of Arizona and other academic institutions. In addition, the project interacts with K-12 programs and provides public tours of the facility to an estimated 12,000 visitors and students annually; it provides instruction for visiting scholars from around the world and facilitates field and laboratory training for non-profit, governmental, private sector, and Native American programs. Students will accrue particular benefits from the reduced cost of analysis, thus allowing them to conduct extensive research at lower costs. The LTRR tree-ring sample collections and archives are unparalleled, easily accessed resources for archaeological research, and an under-construction digital database will enhance the research value of these resources. Increased understanding of long-term human adaptation to cultural and environmental variability and enhanced knowledge of past environmental processes will help develop and implement environmental and social policy. Project personnel will contribute directly to formulating policy for managing cultural and natural resources by federal, local, and tribal land management agencies.The project has additional intellectual merits. Exact dating and chronology building are crucial to understanding human behavior, human-environment interactions, and processes of sociocultural stability, variation, change, and social evolution. Either directly or indirectly (through tree-ring dated ceramics), tree-ring dating underlies the chronology of Southwestern prehistory and many aspects of the documented history of the region. The project will also generate climatic reconstructions that are combined with reconstructions produced by other paleoenvironmental disciplines such as geology, pollen analysis, volcanology, and trace element studies. In addition to illuminating past environmental processes, these integrated reconstructions will provide a solid empirical foundation for examining the interrelationships between human behavior and environmental variability. Finally, the project's efforts to expand research into areas previously thought to be unsuitable for archaeological tree-ring dating provide absolutely dated "hinge points" for archaeological chronologies in the Sonoran Desert, the Great Basin, the western Great Plains, Alaska, northern Mexico, and South America.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

树木环的约会是过去2000年中北美约会考古材料的最精确的非纪录片方法，亚利桑那大学的树环研究实验室（LTRR）是该地区考古树环日期的唯一来源。在国家科学基金会（NSF）的支持下，LTRR开展了一项分析计划，该计划针对LTRR和其他考古学家从阿拉斯加到阿根廷以及从太平洋到密西西比河收集的其他考古学家。 NSF的支持将使该计划能够跟上对考古树环约会的不断增长的需求，并保持较高的生产水平和短期的周转时间。平均而言，每年生产1500多个考古树环样品的750多个日期。这些数据被整合到相关的考古环境中，以构建精致的文化序列，并检查过去人类行为的重要问题，而这些问题没有准确，高分辨率的时间控制就无法解决。这些主题包括绝对站点，局部和区域年表，社会组织结构，群体间的互动以及对物理和社会环境的文化适应。该计划积极地促进了考古树环的扩展，可追溯到西南沙漠，大盆地，大平原，大平原，落基山，阿拉斯加，墨西哥和南美等新地区；它还直接和间接地支持学生研究。该项目具有广泛的影响。它的发现将纳入亚利桑那大学和其他学术机构的人类学，地球科学和其他学科的本科和研究生班。此外，该项目与K-12计划进行互动，并为每年估计有12,000名访客和学生提供该设施的公共游览；它提供了访问来自世界各地的学者的指导，并为非营利，政府，私营部门和美洲原住民计划提供了实地和实验室培训。学生将从降低的分析成本中获得特殊的收益，从而使他们能够以较低的成本进行广泛的研究。 LTRR树木样品收集和档案是无与伦比的，易于访问考古研究的资源，而构建型数字数据库将增强这些资源的研究价值。对长期对文化和环境变异性的长期适应以及对过去环境过程的知识的了解将有助于发展和实施环境和社会政策。项目人员将直接为制定政策来制定联邦，地方和部落土地管理机构管理文化和自然资源的政策。该项目具有额外的智力优点。确切的约会和年代构建对于了解人类行为，人类环境的相互作用以及社会文化稳定，变化，变化和社会进化的过程至关重要。直接或间接地（通过树木陈旧的陶瓷），树环的日期是西南史前历史的年代和该地区历史的许多方面的基础。该项目还将产生气候重建，并结合其他古环境学科（例如地质，花粉分析，火山学和痕量元素研究）产生的重建。除了阐明过去的环境过程外，这些综合的重建还将为研究人类行为与环境变异性之间的相互关系提供坚实的经验基础。最后，该项目将研究扩展到以前认为不适合考古树环约会的领域的努力为索诺兰沙漠，大盆地，西部大平原，阿拉斯加，墨西哥北部，墨西哥和南美的考古学时期提供了绝对过时的“铰链”，以及这一奖项，这反映了NSF的范围以及宽广的授权，这是众所周知的范围。 标准。

项目成果

Wiggle-Matched Red Cedar from a Pre-Monumental Occupation at Kincaid Mounds, Illinois, USA

• DOI: 10.3959/2021-22
• 发表时间: 2022-07
• 期刊: Tree-Ring Research
• 影响因子: 1.6
• 作者: Nicholas V. Kessler;P. Welch;B. Butler;Tamira K. Brennan;R. Towner;G. Hodgins

Convergence of Evidence Supports a Chuska Mountains Origin for the Plaza Tree of Pueblo Bonito, Chaco Canyon

证据的融合支持查科峡谷普韦布洛博尼托广场树的起源于丘斯卡山脉

• DOI: 10.1017/aaq.2020.6
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: American Antiquity
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Guiterman, Christopher H.;Baisan, Christopher H.;English, Nathan B.;Quade, Jay;Dean, Jeffrey S.;Swetnam, Thomas W.
• 通讯作者: Swetnam, Thomas W.

The Curious Douglas-Fir ( Pseudotsuga Menziesii ) Trees in Schulman Grove, Mesa Verde National Park, Southwestern Colorado, USA

美国科罗拉多州西南部梅萨维德国家公园舒尔曼格罗夫的奇异花旗松 (Pseudotsuga Menziesii) 树

• DOI: 10.1017/aaq.2021.4
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: American Antiquity
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Nash, Stephen E.;Towner, Ronald H.;Dean, Jeffrey S.
• 通讯作者: Dean, Jeffrey S.