Rethink Ride-Hail: From Understanding Limits to Reaching Full Potential

重新思考网约车：从了解限制到充分发挥潜力

• 批准号: 1922665
• 负责人: Yu Nie
• 金额: $ 25万
• 依托单位: Northwestern University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1922665&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Rethink; Ride; Hail; Understanding; Limits

Transportation Network Companies (TNC) such as Uber and Lyft has reshaped traditional taxi services. Unlike traditional taxis where riders hail vehicles from street curbs, TNCs allow riders hail vehicles digitally through smart phones, or e-hail. It is however unclear how the performance of these two types of services (street hail vs. e-hail) compare with each other in terms of how well they are able to match riders with drivers and how long riders must wait for vehicles to arrive. This project will develop a general framework describing the matching between riders and drivers for both types of services, based on which, their respective performance will be compared. Policies and strategies will also be developed in order to improve the performance of these services. The project will develop educational materials and involve undergraduate and graduate students. Findings from this project will be widely disseminated through academic journals and international meetings.The project researches a novel and general model of the matching process between riders and drivers and validates it with empirical data. This model describes spatial equilibrium between supply and demand in a mixed market that offers both e-hail and street-hail services and seeks to explain fundamental differences between the two types of services. Parameters in the model will be calibrated from empirical data, allowing realism between the general model framework and the various matching strategies implemented in the real world. The project will also analyze practical decision-making problems for service operators and regulators. Operators may be able to design a hybrid service by combining e-hail's greater productivity with street-hail's higher returns to scale. The project results will also provide insights to regulators who are currently contemplating various policies such as entry cap and minimum wage. These decision problems, typically formulated as either Mathematical Programs constrained by Equilibrium Conditions or Markov Decision Processes, are large in both dimension and scale, highly nonlinear, and nonconvex. Accordingly, the project also contributes to the analysis and solution of these challenging optimization problems. Finally, the project develops a comprehensive evaluation framework that consists of model-based, simulation-based and application-based case studies. These case studies can be used by other researchers and educators working in this field.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

Uber 和 Lyft 等交通网络公司 (TNC) 重塑了传统的出租车服务。与传统出租车乘客在路边叫车不同，跨国公司允许乘客通过智能手机或电子叫车以数字方式叫车。然而，目前尚不清楚这两种类型的服务（街头冰雹与电子冰雹）在将乘客与司机匹配的能力以及乘客必须等待车辆到达的时间方面如何进行比较。该项目将开发一个通用框架，描述两种类型服务的乘客和司机之间的匹配，并在此基础上比较他们各自的表现。还将制定政策和战略，以提高这些服务的绩效。 该项目将开发教育材料并涉及本科生和研究生。该项目的研究结果将通过学术期刊和国际会议广泛传播。该项目研究了乘客和司机之间匹配过程的新颖且通用的模型，并用经验数据对其进行了验证。 该模型描述了同时提供电子叫车和街头叫车服务的混合市场中供需之间的空间平衡，并试图解释两种类型服务之间的根本差异。 模型中的参数将根据经验数据进行校准，从而使通用模型框架与现实世界中实施的各种匹配策略之间保持真实性。该项目还将分析服务运营商和监管机构的实际决策问题。运营商或许可以设计一种混合服务，将电召车的更高生产力与街头召车的更高规模回报相结合。 该项目的结果还将为目前正在考虑各种政策（例如准入上限和最低工资）的监管机构提供见解。这些决策问题通常被表述为受平衡条件约束的数学程序或马尔可夫决策过程，其维度和规模都很大，高度非线性且非凸。 因此，该项目也有助于分析和解决这些具有挑战性的优化问题。 最后，该项目开发了一个综合评估框架，包括基于模型、基于模拟和基于应用的案例研究。 这些案例研究可供该领域的其他研究人员和教育工作者使用。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Auction-Based Permit Allocation and Sharing System (A-PASS) for Travel Demand Management

• DOI: 10.1287/trsc.2021.1093
• 发表时间: 2022-01
• 期刊: Transp. Sci.
• 作者: Ruijie Li;Y. Nie;Xiaobo Liu

To pool or not to pool: Equilibrium, pricing and regulation

联合还是不联合：均衡、定价和监管

• DOI: 10.1016/j.trb.2021.07.001
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Transportation Research Part B: Methodological
• 作者: Zhang, Kenan;Nie, Yu
• 通讯作者: Nie, Yu

Potential of carpool for network traffic management

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijtst.2021.04.006
• 发表时间: 2021-05
• 期刊: International journal of transportation science and technology
• 作者: Y. Nie;Ruijie Li

Mitigating traffic congestion induced by transportation network companies: A policy analysis

缓解交通网​​络公司造成的交通拥堵：政策分析

• DOI: 10.1016/j.tra.2022.01.017
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice
• 作者: Zhang, Kenan;Nie, Yu
• 通讯作者: Nie, Yu

Plunge and rebound of a taxi market through COVID-19 lockdown: Lessons learned from Shenzhen, China

COVID-19 封锁期间出租车市场的暴跌和反弹：中国深圳的经验教训

• DOI: 10.1016/j.tra.2021.06.012
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice
• 作者: Zheng, Hongyu;Zhang, Kenan;Nie, Yu
• 通讯作者: Nie, Yu