Acquisition of a Powder X-ray Diffractometer to Enhance Multi-Departmental Materials Research and Training at Southeast Missouri State University

东南密苏里州立大学购买粉末 X 射线衍射仪以加强多部门材料研究和培训

基本信息

批准号：
1919985
负责人：
Sarah Shaner
金额：
$ 22.84万
依托单位：
Southeast Missouri State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-09-01 至 2022-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1919985&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Acquisition Powder ray Diffractometer Enhance

项目摘要

This Major Research Instrumentation (MRI) Program grant supports the acquisition of a powder X-ray diffractometer (PXRD) at Southeast Missouri State University, a primarily undergraduate university with a rural service region. The instrument will be housed and maintained in the Department of Chemistry and Physics while serving a broad community of users across a range of disciplines. PXRD allows researchers to analyze the structure of unknown materials and perform materials characterization in such fields as chemistry, metallurgy, mineralogy, forensic science, archeology, physics, and biological and pharmaceutical sciences. Combined with the existing single crystal X-ray diffraction (SCXRD) facility, which is in heavy use for research and undergraduate training, the PXRD will increase research productivity and student training opportunities in chemistry and physics. It will also engage non-traditional users in agriculture, geosciences, historic preservation, and anthropology. The equipment will be used for research training in both faculty-mentored and course-based undergraduate research, the latter being an equitable and inclusive gateway to broader STEM participation. Incorporating PXRD techniques commonly used in industry and academic research will prepare students for careers and graduate school. PXRD will also be used in STEM courses for K-12 teachers and education majors, providing them with research experience they can share with their students. PXRD is a leading technique for the rapid, non-destructive analysis of the chemical and internal structural identity of a sample and complements the SCXRD capabilities available at the institution. While SCXRD requires a tiny, homogeneously pure single crystal and several hours for data collection and analysis, PXRD uses a bulk, multicrystalline sample that may not be homogenously pure, and a scan can be completed in minutes with pattern matching against a standard library to provide rapid identification. The properties of molecules and materials are exquisitely dependent upon the structural arrangements of the atoms that make up these systems. These structural arrangements are readily studied using XRD techniques. In synthetic applications, PXRD provides evidence that the bulk sample is homogeneously pure and allows a researcher to proceed confidently with other characterization such as SCXRD, magnetic or electrical measurements, thermal analysis, catalysis, or spectroscopy. The technique is also suitable for studying the structure of non-crystalline materials such as thin films and amorphous solids. Additionally, PXRD provides a means of rapid identification of the chemical identity of heterogeneous or mixed samples from the field, such as soil composition for agriculture, mineral composition for geosciences, or building material composition for historic preservation. Existing projects supported by the PXRD include 1) the preparation and development of novel magnetic materials, such as multifunctional, magnetocaloric, and hard magnetic materials, 2) the activity and stability of heterogeneous oxygen evolution electrocatalysts operating in low pH conditions or in the presence of a magnetic field, and 3) the synthesis and structural characterization of hybrid organic/metal halide compounds that exhibit thermochromism, polymorphism, and interesting magnetic properties. The PXRD and SCXRD facilities together will promote structural science in an underserved region and enable mutually beneficial collaborations with neighboring universities.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这项主要的研究工具（MRI）计划赠款支持在密苏里州立大学东南大学的粉末X射线衍射仪（PXRD），该大学主要是本科大学，该大学拥有农村服务地区。该仪器将在化学和物理系中安置和维护，同时为各种学科的广泛用户提供服务。 PXRD允许研究人员分析未知材料的结构，并在化学，冶金，矿物学，法医学，考古学，物理学以及生物学和药物科学等领域进行材料表征。与现有的单晶X射线衍射（SCXRD）相结合，在研究和本科培训中，PXRD将增加研究生产力和学生培训机会。它还将吸引非传统用户在农业，地球科学，历史保护和人类学方面。该设备将用于教职员工和基于课程的本科研究的研究培训，后者是一个公平且包容的门户，可以进行更广泛的STEM参与。纳入了行业和学术研究中常用的PXRD技术，将为学生准备职业和研究生院做好准备。 PXRD也将用于K-12老师和教育专业的STEM课程中，为他们提供可以与学生分享的研究经验。 PXRD是对样品的化学和内部结构认同的快速，无损分析的领先技术，并补充了机构可用的SCXRD功能。虽然SCXRD需要一个微小的，同质的纯单晶和数小时的数据收集和分析，但PXRD使用了批量的多晶样品，这些样品可能不是同质纯纯的，并且可以在几分钟内与标准库的模式匹配以几分钟的方式完成扫描，以提供快速识别。分子和材料的特性非常取决于组成这些系统的原子的结构排列。这些结构布置很容易使用XRD技术研究。在合成应用中，PXRD提供了证据表明大量样品是同质纯净的，并且允许研究人员自信地进行其他表征，例如SCXRD，磁性或电气测量，热分析，催化或光谱法。该技术还适用于研究非晶体材料的结构，例如薄膜和无定形固体。此外，PXRD提供了一种快速鉴定该领域的异质或混合样品的化学身份的方法，例如农业的土壤组成，地球科学的矿物质成分或用于历史保护的建筑材料组成。 PXRD支持的现有项目包括1）新型磁性材料的制备和开发，例如多功能，磁电磁和硬磁性材料，2）在低pH条件下运行的异质氧气进化电催化剂的活性和稳定性多态性和有趣的磁性特性。 PXRD和SCXRD设施一起将在服务不足的地区促进结构科学，并与邻近大学互助合作。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准通过评估来获得支持。