Collaborative Research: A National Assessment of Victimization Risk and Crime Reporting

合作研究：受害风险和犯罪报告的全国评估

• 批准号: 1917952
• 负责人: Eric Baumer
• 金额: $ 7.62万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-07-15 至 2022-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1917952&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; National; Assessment; Victimization

The U.S. crime statistics system historically has not incorporated information about citizenship status, and thus there is little scientific evidence that can inform whether immigrants are more or less likely than native-born Americans to be criminally victimized. Such an information deficit also means we do not know whether immigrants are more or less likely than natives to report crimes to the police. This project capitalizes on a recent redesign of the U.S. National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS), which adds information about respondents' citizenship status, to offer the first large-scale comparison of victimization risk and crime reporting among U.S. native-born citizens, naturalized citizens, and non-citizens. The results of the project will reveal how citizenship status shapes personal exposure to crime and decisions about whether to report crimes to the police. Additionally, the project will examine whether these patterns vary among individuals from different racial and ethnic groups and among those who reside in communities with divergent approaches to immigration policy and law enforcement. The project will benefit policy-makers at all governmental levels by providing key information regarding patterns of crime victimization and crime reporting among U.S. residents. Findings will also inform police leadership regarding these patterns, thus contributing to U.S. safety and security.The project has three primary objectives: (1) to assess the quality of the new self-reported citizenship data in the NCVS for purposes of developing adjustments (if needed) for any observed nonresponse bias; (2) to examine the effect of citizenship status on victimization risk and how it may be conditioned by individual- and community-level factors; and (3) to examine the effect of citizenship status on crime reporting to the police and how it may be conditioned by individual- and community-level conditions. The project will integrate nationally representative individual-level data on victimization and crime reporting from the redesigned 2016-2020 National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS) and community-level data from the American Community Survey (ACS) and a variety of other sources including reports of state immigration legislation, LexisNexis, and Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) documents. Multivariate logistic regression models will be estimated to achieve project objectives. The results will yield new evidence about the safety and well-being of native-born citizens and foreign-born persons in the context of rapidly changing economic, demographic, and political conditions in the US. The project will which enhance knowledge about the quality of survey-derived measures of citizenship and will provide the first ever assessment at the national level of whether immigrant status is associated with victimization risk and decisions to notify the police about crime incidents. These findings will inform sociological theories regarding crime, immigration and citizenship status, as well as criminological theories related to crime victimization and mobilization of the law, with implications for additional literatures in political science and survey methodology.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

历史上，美国犯罪统计系统没有纳入有关公民身份的信息，因此几乎没有科学证据可以告知移民是否比本地出生的美国人遭受犯罪受害的可能性或多或少。这种信息赤字也意味着我们不知道移民是否比当地人向警察报告犯罪的可能性更高。 该项目利用了最近对美国国家犯罪受害调查（NCVS）的重新设计，该调查添加了有关受访者的公民身份的信息，以对美国本土公民，归化公民和非公民的受害风险和犯罪报告进行首次大规模比较。 该项目的结果将揭示公民身份如何塑造个人对犯罪的暴露以及有关是否向警方报告犯罪的决定。 此外，该项目将研究这些模式在不同种族和族裔群体的个人以及居住在具有不同移民政策和执法方法的社区的个人中是否有所不同。 该项目将通过提供有关美国居民中犯罪受害和犯罪报告模式的关键信息，从而使政府所有层面的决策者受益。 调查结果还将告知警察领导这些模式，从而有助于美国的安全和保障。该项目具有三个主要目标：（1）评估NCV中新的自我报告的公民数据的质量，以开发任何观察到的无反应偏见的调整（如果需要）； （2）检查公民身份对受害风险的影响以及如何由个人和社区级别的因素限制； （3）研究公民身份对向警察报告犯罪的影响，以及如何由个人和社区级别的条件限制。 该项目将从重新设计的2016 - 2020年国家犯罪受害调查调查（NCV）和美国社区调查（ACS）（ACS）的社区级别数据以及各种其他来源（包括国家移民，LEXISNEXIS，LEXISNEXIS，以及移民和定制执行）文档（ICE ICE）文档（包括国家移民法规）（包括国家社区调查）的报告（包括国家社区调查）（包括国家移民）（包括州移民）的报告（包括国家社区调查）（包括国家移民）（包括国家社区调查）（包括国家移民）（包括国家社区调查）（包括国家移民）文档（包括国家社区调查）（包括国家移民）（包括国家社区调查）的报告（包括）。 将估计多元逻辑回归模型以实现项目目标。 结果将产生有关在美国迅速变化的经济，人口和政治状况变化的背景下，本土公民和外国出生的人的安全和福祉的新证据。 该项目将增强有关调查衍生的公民身份质量的知识，并将在全国范围内进行首次评估，即移民身份是否与受害风险和决定通知警察有关犯罪事件的决定有关。这些发现将为社会学理论提供有关犯罪，移民和公民身份的社会理论，以及与犯罪受害和动员法律有关的犯罪学理论，这对政治学和调查方法的额外文献产生了影响。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为是通过基金会的知识优点和广泛的cribitia cribitia criperia criperia criperia criperia criperia criperia criperia criperia criperia criperia criperia criperia criperia criperia criperia cripitia cristeria均值得一提。