Collaborative Research: Temperate radiations and tropical dominance: the diversification and evolution of the plant clade Ericales

合作研究：温带辐射和热带优势：植物分支杜鹃花目的多样化和进化

• 批准号: 1917146
• 负责人: Stephen Smith
• 金额: $ 70.95万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1917146&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Temperate; radiations; tropical

The tropical forests that circle the equatorial belt of Earth are home to vastly more plant species than the temperate zones that extend toward the poles. Biologists have tried to explain the difference in biodiversity between tropical and temperate regions for centuries, but efforts have been hindered by limited data, particularly among plant groups. Nevertheless, understanding these worldwide patterns is fundamentally important to understanding these patterns in natural systems in the U.S., where plants play a key ecological and economic role. This research will provide a detailed study of a diverse and globally distributed group of plants, known as the Ericales, that includes a variety of economically important species such as blueberries, kiwi fruit, persimmon, Brazil nut, timber woods (e.g., ebony), azaleas, rhododendrons, and even carnivorous plants. These newly collected "big data" resources will allow researchers to discover genetic and morphological factors that contribute to the origin and maintenance of the biological diversity in Earth's forests. This research will also promote the training of the next generation of young STEM researchers to be fluent in application of computational and plant genomics resources to challenges facing the nation.The staggering diversity of tropical plants contributes to a latitudinal diversity gradient of increased species richness towards lower latitudes; a pattern found across the tree of life. Despite the significance of tropical biomes and the evolutionary/ecological importance of movements across, into, and out of tropical latitudes, the sparse sampling of species for both DNA sequences and morphological traits has inhibited progress in addressing major evolutionary questions regarding the origin, diversification, and niche evolution of lineages with temperate and tropical transitions. This research is positioned to overcome these limitations, using the diverse and ecologically important plant clade Ericales as a case study. The researchers will use transcriptome and targeted-capture sequencing to resolve phylogenetic relationships and characterize gene and genome evolution within the Ericales at an unprecedented scale to produce a robust species-level phylogeny combined with paleobotanical data, morphological traits (including habit and floral), and information regarding species niche to evaluate the intrinsic and extrinsic correlates of tropical and temperate diversification. They will conduct analyses that address specific questions of broad interest: 1) What are the major drivers of diversification and evolution between the temperate and tropical lineages? 2) Do adaptations to new environments lead to faster rates of both molecular evolution and diversification? 3) Are differences in rates of evolution between lineages in different biomes and different elevations reflected in individual species geographic and niche evolution patterns? 4) What biogeographic histories and adaptations underlie the highly diverse and threatened tropical montane biomes?This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

地球赤道带的热带森林比向杆子延伸的温带地区更多的植物物种所在。几个世纪以来，生物学家试图解释热带地区和温带地区之间生物多样性的差异，但努力受到有限的数据阻碍，尤其是在植物群中。然而，了解这些全球模式对于理解美国自然系统中的这些模式至关重要，在美国，植物起着关键的生态和经济作用。这项研究将提供一项详细的研究，对包括经济重要的物种，例如蓝莓，猕猴桃果，柿子，巴西木材，木材木材（例如，乌木），阿扎拉莱斯，杜鹃花，杜鹃花，甚至是俗气的植物。这些新收集的“大数据”资源将使研究人员发现遗传和形态学因素有助于地球森林中生物多样性的起源和维持。这项研究还将促进对下一代年轻STEM研究人员的培训，以精通计算和植物基因组学资源来挑战国家面临的培训。热带植物的惊人多样性促进了物种丰富性在低纬度地区增加的纬度多样性梯度；在整个生命之树中发现的模式。尽管热带生物群落具有重要意义以及运动的进化/生态重要性，遍及热带纬度的运动，但在DNA序列和形态学性状方面，物种的稀疏采样却抑制了解决有关起源，多元化，以及与妇产科典型效力和Tropical和Tropical Sransitions的Niche Eniche进化的重大进化问题的进展。这项研究将使用多样化和生态上重要的植物分枝作为案例研究来克服这些局限性。研究人员将使用转录组和有针对性的捕获测序来解决系统发育关系，并以前所未有的规模表征基因和基因组进化，以产生强大的物种水平的系统发育，并结合古植物学数据，形态学性状（包括习惯和花卉）以及范围内的范围和详细信息。他们将进行分析，以解决广泛关注的特定问题：1）温带和热带谱系之间多元化和演变的主要驱动力是什么？ 2）对新环境的适应是否会导致分子进化和多样化的速度更快？ 3）在不同生物群体中谱系之间的演变率差异以及各个物种地理和利基进化模式中反映的不同海拔高度？ 4）哪些生物地理历史和适应性是高度多样化和威胁性的热带山地生物群落的基础？该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并且使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准，被认为值得通过评估来支持。

项目成果

Compositional shifts associated with major evolutionary transitions in plants

• DOI: 10.1111/nph.19099
• 发表时间: 2023-06-28
• 期刊: NEW PHYTOLOGIST
• 影响因子: 9.4
• 作者: Smith，Stephen A. A.;Walker-Hale，Nathanael;Parins-Fukuchi，Charles Tomomi
• 通讯作者: Parins-Fukuchi，Charles Tomomi

A consensus phylogenomic approach highlights paleopolyploid and rapid radiation in the history of Ericales

• DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1469
• 发表时间: 2020-04-29
• 期刊: AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Larson, Drew A.;Walker, Joseph F.;Smith, Stephen A.
• 通讯作者: Smith, Stephen A.

Intragenic Conflict in Phylogenomic Data Sets

系统基因组数据集中的基因内冲突

• DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msaa170
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Molecular biology and evolution
• 影响因子: 10.7
• 作者: Stephen A Smith, Nathanael Walker-Hale