Collaborative Research: Temperate radiations and tropical dominance: the diversification and evolution of the plant clade Ericales

合作研究：温带辐射和热带优势：植物分支杜鹃花目的多样化和进化

• 批准号: 1917146
• 负责人: Stephen Smith
• 金额: $ 70.95万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-08-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1917146&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Temperate; radiations; tropical

The tropical forests that circle the equatorial belt of Earth are home to vastly more plant species than the temperate zones that extend toward the poles. Biologists have tried to explain the difference in biodiversity between tropical and temperate regions for centuries, but efforts have been hindered by limited data, particularly among plant groups. Nevertheless, understanding these worldwide patterns is fundamentally important to understanding these patterns in natural systems in the U.S., where plants play a key ecological and economic role. This research will provide a detailed study of a diverse and globally distributed group of plants, known as the Ericales, that includes a variety of economically important species such as blueberries, kiwi fruit, persimmon, Brazil nut, timber woods (e.g., ebony), azaleas, rhododendrons, and even carnivorous plants. These newly collected "big data" resources will allow researchers to discover genetic and morphological factors that contribute to the origin and maintenance of the biological diversity in Earth's forests. This research will also promote the training of the next generation of young STEM researchers to be fluent in application of computational and plant genomics resources to challenges facing the nation.The staggering diversity of tropical plants contributes to a latitudinal diversity gradient of increased species richness towards lower latitudes; a pattern found across the tree of life. Despite the significance of tropical biomes and the evolutionary/ecological importance of movements across, into, and out of tropical latitudes, the sparse sampling of species for both DNA sequences and morphological traits has inhibited progress in addressing major evolutionary questions regarding the origin, diversification, and niche evolution of lineages with temperate and tropical transitions. This research is positioned to overcome these limitations, using the diverse and ecologically important plant clade Ericales as a case study. The researchers will use transcriptome and targeted-capture sequencing to resolve phylogenetic relationships and characterize gene and genome evolution within the Ericales at an unprecedented scale to produce a robust species-level phylogeny combined with paleobotanical data, morphological traits (including habit and floral), and information regarding species niche to evaluate the intrinsic and extrinsic correlates of tropical and temperate diversification. They will conduct analyses that address specific questions of broad interest: 1) What are the major drivers of diversification and evolution between the temperate and tropical lineages? 2) Do adaptations to new environments lead to faster rates of both molecular evolution and diversification? 3) Are differences in rates of evolution between lineages in different biomes and different elevations reflected in individual species geographic and niche evolution patterns? 4) What biogeographic histories and adaptations underlie the highly diverse and threatened tropical montane biomes?This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

环绕地球赤道带的热带森林比向两极延伸的温带森林拥有更多的植物物种。几个世纪以来，生物学家一直试图解释热带和温带地区生物多样性的差异，但由于数据有限，尤其是植物类群的数据有限，这一努力受到阻碍。然而，了解这些全球模式对于理解美国自然系统中的这些模式至关重要，因为植物在美国发挥着关键的生态和经济作用。这项研究将对分布在全球的多样化植物群（称为杜鹃花目）进行详细研究，其中包括各种重要的经济物种，如蓝莓、猕猴桃、柿子、巴西坚果、木材（例如乌木）、杜鹃花、杜鹃花，甚至食虫植物。这些新收集的“大数据”资源将使研究人员能够发现有助于地球森林生物多样性起源和维持的遗传和形态因素。这项研究还将促进对下一代年轻 STEM 研究人员的培训，使他们能够熟练地应用计算和植物基因组学资源来应对国家面临的挑战。热带植物惊人的多样性导致物种丰富度增加的纬度多样性梯度下降纬度；在生命之树上发现的模式。尽管热带生物群落具有重要意义，而且跨越、进出热带纬度的运动也具有进化/生态重要性，但物种 DNA 序列和形态特征采样稀疏，阻碍了解决有关起源、多样化、进化等主要进化问题的进展。以及随温带和热带过渡的谱系的生态位演化。本研究旨在克服这些局限性，以多样化且具有重要生态意义的植物分支杜鹃花目（Ericales）作为案例研究。研究人员将使用转录组和靶向捕获测序来解决系统发育关系，并以前所未有的规模表征杜鹃花目中的基因和基因组进化，以结合古植物学数据、形态特征（包括习性和花）和有关物种生态位的信息，以评估热带和温带多样化的内在和外在相关性。他们将进行分析，解决广泛关注的具体问题：1）温带和热带谱系之间多样化和进化的主要驱动因素是什么？ 2）对新环境的适应是否会导致分子进化和多样化的速度加快？ 3）不同生物群落和不同海拔的谱系之间的进化速率差异是否反映在单个物种的地理和生态位进化模式中？ 4) 高度多样化和受威胁的热带山地生物群落背后的生物地理历史和适应是什么？该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Compositional shifts associated with major evolutionary transitions in plants

• DOI: 10.1111/nph.19099
• 发表时间: 2023-06-28
• 期刊: NEW PHYTOLOGIST
• 影响因子: 9.4
• 作者: Smith，Stephen A. A.;Walker-Hale，Nathanael;Parins-Fukuchi，Charles Tomomi
• 通讯作者: Parins-Fukuchi，Charles Tomomi

A consensus phylogenomic approach highlights paleopolyploid and rapid radiation in the history of Ericales

• DOI: 10.1002/ajb2.1469
• 发表时间: 2020-04-29
• 期刊: AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Larson, Drew A.;Walker, Joseph F.;Smith, Stephen A.
• 通讯作者: Smith, Stephen A.

Intragenic Conflict in Phylogenomic Data Sets

系统基因组数据集中的基因内冲突

• DOI: 10.1093/molbev/msaa170
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Molecular biology and evolution
• 影响因子: 10.7
• 作者: Stephen A Smith, Nathanael Walker-Hale