Belmont Forum Collaborative Research: Balancing BiOdiversity CoNservation with Development in Amazon WetlandS

贝尔蒙特论坛合作研究：平衡亚马逊湿地生物多样性保护与发展

• 批准号: 1852113
• 负责人: Leandro Castello
• 金额: $ 9万
• 依托单位: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-03-15 至 2024-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1852113&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Belmont; Forum; Collaborative; Research; Balancing

Innovative research on the complex interaction of socio-economic and global environmental trends of biodiversity and ecosystem services is needed to help develop more informative scenarios for addressing environmental and human development challenges. To overcome these challenges coupled natural-human systems approaches and analyses are needed. These provide improved scenarios of biodiversity and ecosystem services that couple the outputs of direct and indirect drivers such as land use, invasive species, overexploitation, biodiversity, environmental change, and pollution. The resulting models provide a methodological state-of-the art that results in more accurate quantitative assessments, better land use, and more effective ecosystem services. This international collaborative research project uses this methodology to develop scenarios of biodiversity and ecosystem services for selected floodplains of muddy (i.e., whitewater) rivers in the central Amazon region and their adjacent uplands. Amazon floodplains were selected because they are typical of tropical river floodplains that support high levels of biodiversity and provide fundamental services, such as water purification, fish habitat, and flood mitigation. Like other tropical river systems, the Amazon sustains the livelihoods of many indigenous and poverty-stricken human populations and its flood plains are being increasingly threatened by development such as dams, agriculture, ranching, the expansion of road and rail networks, and climate change. For example, in the lower Amazon over half of the floodplain forest cover has been lost since the late 1970s. This project studies the floodplains of two contrasting major whitewater rivers: The Amazon River (Brazil and Colombia) and its tributary the Jurua River (Brazil). The research begins with working with stakeholders in a collaborative planning process that reflects local concerns and priorities and builds off local knowledge of the area. Work involves mapping targeted floodplains and adjacent upland habitats using remote sensing and field data. Goals are to predict changes in flooding patterns under climate change scenarios and model the interactions among biodiversity, habitat type, hydrology, and management regimes, with results being disseminated to stakeholders and the broader scientific community. Broader impacts of the work include international collaboration with scientists in Brazil, Columbia, France, Norway, Germany and the United Kingdom and improved understanding of how human activities along the floodplains of tropical rivers impact fisheries, food security, water quality, and biodiversity. Other broader impacts include development of a template for habitat and biodiversity assessment and for participatory planning that can be applied and adapted to similar types of river floodplains across tropical landscapes. The project also supports an investigator whose gender is underrepresented in the sciences.This award supports US researchers participating in a project competitively selected by a coalition of 26 funding agencies from 23 countries through the Belmont Forum call for proposals on "Scenarios of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services". The call was a multilateral initiative designed to support research projects that contribute to the development of scenarios, models, and decision-support tools for understanding and solving critical issues facing our planet. The goal of the competition was to improve and apply participatory scenario methods to enhance research relevance and its acceptance and to address gaps in methods for modelling impact drivers and policy interventions. It was also to develop and communicate levels of uncertainty associated with the models to improve data accessibility and fill gaps in knowledge. Funds support US participants in a large, seven-country, international consortium of scientists studying aquatic-terrestrial interfaces in the Amazon Basin. These areas support high levels of biodiversity and also supply fundamental services to human populations such as water purification, fish habitat, and flood mitigation as well as sustain the livelihoods and food security of subsistence-level human populations. Over the past several decades, development, cultivation, ranching, and commercial fisheries have disrupted traditional patterns of Amazon river floodplain resource use. The goals of this research are to use the floodplains of two major and contrasting whitewater rivers: the mainstream Amazon river (Brazil and Colombia) and its tributary the Jurua (Brazil) to contrast the impacts of human development on their physical character and biodiversity. The project engages key stakeholders, including local indigenous peoples, in a research co-design effort. Work will involve mapping floodplain and adjacent upland habitats using remote sensing and field data; predicting changes in flooding patterns under climate change scenarios; and modeling the interactions among biodiversity, habitat type, hydrology, and management regimes. The project will test new methods in remote sensing using satellite-based mapping of phytoplankton diversity and will estimate forest biomass using newly available spaceborne LIDAR data. It will evaluate freshwater ecology using environmental DNA metabar-coding and model fish movement based on hydrologic connectivity and foraging patterns. Participatory prospective analysis will enable collective definition of scenarios with the support of species distribution models to analyze possible impacts on biodiversity. Results of this work, combined with local knowledge and stakeholder feedback, will allow a deep analysis of public policy efficiency in relation to wetland conservation and sustainable development goal targets. The work will also result in the development of a template for habitat and biodiversity assessment and for participatory modeling of multi-scale scenarios that can be applied and adapted to analogous floodplain systems in South America, Africa, and Southeast Asia.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

需要对生物多样性和生态系统服务的社会经济和全球环境趋势之间的复杂相互作用进行创新研究，以帮助制定更多信息丰富的方案来应对环境和人类发展挑战。为了克服这些挑战，需要结合自然与人类系统的方法和分析。这些提供了改进的生物多样性和生态系统服务情景，将土地利用、入侵物种、过度开发、生物多样性、环境变化和污染等直接和间接驱动因素的输出结合起来。由此产生的模型提供了最先进的方法，可以实现更准确的定量评估、更好的土地利用和更有效的生态系统服务。该国际合作研究项目使用这种方法为亚马逊中部地区及其邻近高地选定的泥浆河（即白水）河漫滩开发生物多样性和生态系统服务情景。选择亚马逊洪泛区是因为它们是典型的热带河流洪泛区，支持高水平的生物多样性并提供基本服务，例如水净化、鱼类栖息地和防洪。 与其他热带河流系统一样，亚马逊河流域维持着许多土著和贫困人口的生计，但其洪泛区正日益受到水坝、农业、牧场、公路和铁路网络扩张以及气候变化等发展的威胁。例如，自 20 世纪 70 年代末以来，亚马逊下游地区一半以上的洪泛区森林覆盖面积已经消失。该项目研究两条截然不同的主要激流河流的洪泛区：亚马逊河（巴西和哥伦比亚）及其支流朱鲁阿河（巴西）。该研究首先与利益相关者合作进行协作规划过程，该过程反映了当地的关切和优先事项，并建立了对该地区的当地了解。工作包括使用遥感和现场数据绘制目标洪泛区和邻近的高地栖息地。目标是预测气候变化情景下洪水模式的变化，并对生物多样性、栖息地类型、水文和管理制度之间的相互作用进行建模，并将结果传播给利益相关者和更广泛的科学界。这项工作的更广泛影响包括与巴西、哥伦比亚、法国、挪威、德国和英国科学家的国际合作，以及增进对热带河流洪泛区人类活动如何影响渔业、粮食安全、水质和生物多样性的了解。其他更广泛的影响包括开发栖息地和生物多样性评估模板以及参与式规划模板，该模板可应用于和适应热带景观中类似类型的河流洪泛区。该项目还支持一名在科学领域性别代表性不足的研究人员。该奖项支持美国研究人员参与一个项目，该项目由来自 23 个国家的 26 个资助机构组成的联盟通过贝尔蒙特论坛征集有关“生物多样性和生态系统服务情景”的提案来竞争性选出”。此次呼吁是一项多边倡议，旨在支持有助于开发情景、模型和决策支持工具的研究项目，以理解和解决我们星球面临的关键问题。竞赛的目标是改进和应用参与式情景方法，以提高研究的相关性和接受度，并解决影响驱动因素和政策干预建模方法中的差距。它还旨在开发和传达与模型相关的不确定性水平，以提高数据可访问性并填补知识空白。资金支持美国参与者参与一个由七个国家组成的大型国际科学家联盟，研究亚马逊流域的水陆界面。这些地区支持高水平的生物多样性，还为人类提供基本服务，例如水净化、鱼类栖息地和防洪，以及维持仅维持生计水平的人类的生计和粮食安全。 过去几十年来，开发、种植、牧场和商业渔业扰乱了亚马逊河漫滩资源利用的传统模式。这项研究的目标是利用两条主要且对比鲜明的激流河流的洪泛区：亚马逊河干流（巴西和哥伦比亚）及其支流朱鲁亚河（巴西），来对比人类发展对其自然特征和生物多样性的影响。 该项目让包括当地土著人民在内的主要利益相关者参与研究共同设计工作。工作将包括利用遥感和实地数据绘制洪泛区和邻近高地栖息地的地图；预测气候变化情景下洪水模式的变化；并对生物多样性、栖息地类型、水文和管理制度之间的相互作用进行建模。该项目将利用基于卫星的浮游植物多样性测绘来测试遥感新方法，并将利用新获得的星载激光雷达数据来估计森林生物量。它将利用环境 DNA 元条形码编码评估淡水生态，并根据水文连通性和觅食模式对鱼类运动进行建模。参与性前瞻性分析将在物种分布模型的支持下集体定义情景，以分析对生物多样性可能产生的影响。这项工作的结果，结合当地知识和利益相关者的反馈，将有助于深入分析与湿地保护和可持续发展目标相关的公共政策效率。这项工作还将开发一个用于栖息地和生物多样性评估以及多尺度情景参与式建模的模板，该模板可以应用于并适应南美洲、非洲和东南亚的类似洪泛区系统。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Conservation of migratory fishes in the Amazon basin

亚马逊流域洄游鱼类的保护

• DOI: 10.1002/aqc.3550
• 发表时间: 2021-05
• 期刊: Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems
• 作者: Duponchelle, Fabrice;Isaac, Victoria J.;Rodrigues Da Costa Doria, Carolina;Van Damme, Paul A.;Herrera‐R, Guido A.;Anderson, Elizabeth P.;Cruz, Rivetla E.A.;Hauser, Marilia;Hermann, Theodore W.;Agudelo, Edwin;et al
• 通讯作者: et al

Harnessing the potential for otolith microchemistry to foster the conservation of Amazonian fishes

利用耳石微化学的潜力促进亚马逊鱼类的保护

• DOI: 10.1002/aqc.3567
• 发表时间: 2021-03
• 期刊: Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems
• 作者: Hermann, Theodore W.;Duponchelle, Fabrice;Castello, Leandro;Limburg, Karin E.;Pereira, Luciana A.;Hauser, Marília
• 通讯作者: Hauser, Marília

Increased floodplain inundation in the Amazon since 1980

自 1980 年以来亚马逊洪泛区洪水泛滥加剧

• DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/acb9a7
• 发表时间: 2023-02
• 期刊: Environmental Research Letters
• 影响因子: 6.7
• 作者: Fleischmann, Ayan S.;Papa, Fabrice;Hamilton, Stephen K.;Fassoni;Wongchuig, Sly;Espinoza, Jhan;Paiva, Rodrigo C. D.;Melack, John M.;Fluet;Castello, Leandro;et al
• 通讯作者: et al

A political tsunami hits Amazon conservation

政治海啸袭击了亚马逊保护区

• DOI: 10.1002/aqc.3565
• 发表时间: 2021-05
• 期刊: Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems
• 作者: Pelicice, Fernando Mayer;Castello, Leandro
• 通讯作者: Castello, Leandro

Single-Species Co-management Improves Fish Assemblage Structure and Composition in a Tropical River

单物种共同管理改善热带河流中的鱼类群落结构和组成

• DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2021.604170
• 发表时间: 2021-03
• 期刊: Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Medeiros;Castello, Leandro;Freitas, Carlos E.;Siqueira
• 通讯作者: Siqueira