FET: Medium: ROCS: Recurrent Oscillatory Computing Systems for Rapid Solution of NP-Complete and Deep Learning Problems

FET：中：ROCS：用于快速解决 NP 完全问题和深度学习问题的循环振荡计算系统

基本信息

批准号：
1901004
负责人：
Jaijeet Roychowdhury
金额：
$ 100万
依托单位：
University of California-Berkeley
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-10-01 至 2024-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1901004&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
FET Medium ROCS Recurrent Oscillatory

项目摘要

Hard computational problems abound in today's world, from airline scheduling to healthcare. Large classes of these hard problems can be reduced to a form known as the Ising problem, which is closely related to the underlying physics of ferromagnetic materials. This project is based on a recently devised way to solve the Ising problem quickly and effectively in electronic hardware using networks of connected Complementary Metal Oxide Semiconductor (CMOS) oscillators, i.e., electronic equivalents of metronomes and grandfather clocks. Being able to solve large real-world problems much more quickly using this approach than what is currently possible will have broad and beneficially disruptive effects on society. The project's activities include course development, outreach to high-school students, yearly workshops for dissemination and interaction, and scientific and design tool infrastructure development.Unlike previous Ising machine approaches, which are large, expensive and ill-suited to low-cost mass production, the proposed approach is a purely classical scheme that does not rely on quantum phenomena or novel nano-devices. It can be implemented using conventional CMOS electronics, which has many advantages: scalability / miniaturisability (i.e., very large numbers of spins in a physically small system), well-established design processes and tools that essentially guarantee first-time working hardware, very low power operation, seamless integration with control and I/O logic, easy programmability via standard interfaces like USB, and low cost mass production. Another key advantage relates to variability, a significant problem in nanoscale CMOS. Unlike other schemes, where performance deteriorates due to variability, this approach can essentially eliminate variability by means of simple VCO-based calibration to bring all the oscillators to the same frequency. Yet another key potential advantage stems from the continuous/analog nature of the proposed scheme (as opposed to purely digital algorithms). Computational experiments indicate that the time the scheme takes to find good solutions of the Ising problem grows only very slowly with respect to the number of spins.This is a significant potential advantage over digital algorithms as hardware sizes scale up to large numbers of spins. In addition, virtually any type of nonlinear oscillator (not just CMOS) can be used to implement this scheme, including optical, micro-electronic mechanical systems, biochemical, spin torque device based, etc., oscillators.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

从航空安排到医疗保健，当今世界上的严重计算问题比比皆是。这些硬问题的大量类别可以简化为一种称为ISIN问题的形式，该形式与铁磁材料的基本物理密切相关。该项目基于最近设计的方法，可以使用连接的互补金属氧化物半导体（CMOS）振荡器（即Metronomes和祖父时钟的电子等效物）快速有效地在电子硬件中解决ISIN问题。能够使用这种方法要比当前可能的方法更快地解决大型现实问题，对社会产生广泛而有益的破坏性影响。该项目的活动包括课程开发，向高中生的宣传，年度传播和互动的讲习班以及科学和设计工具基础设施开发。与以前的Ising机器方法相同，这些机器方法是大型，昂贵且不适合低成本的质量生产，建议的纯粹经典方法是一种纯粹的经典计划，它不依赖于量子现象或新颖的Nanno nano nanno nanano或Newnano-Nanano-dev。它可以使用传统的CMOS电子设备来实施，该电子设备具有许多优势：可伸缩性 /微型可释放性（即，在物理上很小的系统中的大量旋转），良好的设计过程和工具基本上可以保证首次使用的硬件，低功率运行，与Control，I / O O / O逻辑，易于逻辑，可通过标准的互动量进行计算和低点，并且可以使用标准互动，并且可以使用标准互动，并且可以使用标准互动，并且可以使用标准互动。另一个关键优势与可变性有关，这是纳米级CMO的重大问题。与其他方案不同，由于可变性而导致性能恶化，这种方法基本上可以通过简单的基于VCO的校准来消除可变性，以使所有振荡器达到相同的频率。另一个关键的潜在优势源于拟议方案的连续/模拟性质（与纯数字算法相反）。计算实验表明，该方案在旋转数量上找到质量问题的良好解决方案所花费的时间仅慢慢地增长。由于硬件大小扩展到大量旋转，这比数字算法是一个重要的潜在优势。此外，几乎可以使用任何类型的非线性振荡器（不仅仅是CMO）来实施该方案，包括光学，微电动机械系统，基于生化的，基于旋转扭矩设备等，振荡器，振荡器。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用基金会的范围和广泛的范围进行了评估。