Classics in Context: Late Medieval and Early Modern Translations of Latin Classics in Medial Transfer (until 1600)

语境中的经典：中世纪晚期和现代早期的拉丁经典翻译（直到 1600 年）

基本信息

批准号：
236040317
负责人：
Professor Dr. Bernd Bastert
金额：
--
依托单位：
Germanistisches Institut
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2012-12-31 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/236040317?language=en
关键词：
Classics Context Late Medieval Early

项目摘要

It is well known that the reception of antiquity and its most distinguished literary works and authors is of central importance to the literature of the 15th and 16th centuries. In contrast to the Latin and vernacular Romance literatures, however, German literature of that period has often been thought to fail at reacting appropriately to this challenge. Although modern scholarship has only recently begun to acknowledge it, there were in fact attempts to translate and incorporate major classical literary and philosophical works into German culture. These projects were transmitted in the form of 15th-century manuscripts, and, even more importantly, in medially ambitious, experimental prints of the 15th and 16th centuries. The aims of this research project are to investigate the complex processes of medial transfer and the cultural contextualisation that enable the naturalisation of Latin classics into a vernacular environment. It focuses on a careful selection of these translations (first funding period: Aesop, Boethius, Cicero, Terence; second funding period: Virgil, Ovid) from a long and crucial phase in the history of printing (c. 1460/70 - c.1600), which have never been analysed systematically before from this point of view. The project has a two-pronged approach: (1) It analyses how and why the textual presentation of these complex literary and philosophical works changes with the transfer from Latin to German and from script to print. (2) Following on from the point above, it explains how these material differences impact on the functional formation of new contexts of communication within lay culture. German translations of Latin classics offer a particularly pertinent treatment of this complex and long-term development and its cognitive implications, because a particularly demanding strategy of transfer was required for connecting the different cultural spheres so that these authoritative works could be naturalised and adopted. By focussing on the material form of texts, these processes can be observed in a methodically controlled manner. Contrary to what might be expected, it is precisely the highly conventionalised forms of presentation that characterised the transmission of the classic texts before the advent of printing that allow the following question to be asked with particular acuteness: what effect did the shift in mediality have on their presentation and communicative transfer? In addition to this, the project investigates the connections and communicative environments that developed in the context of individual printers, cities, courts or educational institutions who worked at and experimented on the integration of the Latin classics into German vernacular culture - often in cooperation and frequently in competition with each other.

众所周知，古代的接受及其最杰出的文学作品和作者对15和16世纪的文学至关重要。然而，与拉丁文和白话浪漫文学相反，在那个时期的德国文学经常被认为无法对这一挑战做出适当的反应。尽管现代奖学金直到最近才开始承认这一点，但实际上仍有试图将主要的古典文学和哲学作品翻译成德国文化。这些项目是以15世纪手稿的形式传输的，甚至更重要的是，以15和16世纪的内侧雄心勃勃的实验印刷方式传播。该研究项目的目的是调查内侧转移的复杂过程和文化背景化，从而使拉丁经典的归化为白话环境。它重点介绍了这些翻译的仔细选择（第一个资助期：伊索，博伊斯，西塞罗，特伦斯；第二融资期：维吉尔，ovid，ovid，ovid，ovid，ovid，ovid），在印刷史上（c。1460/70-70-.1600），从未有系统地分析这些观点。该项目采用了两种方面的方法：（1）它分析了这些复杂的文学和哲学作品的文本呈现方式以及为什么随从拉丁语到德语的转移以及从脚本到印刷而变化的。（2）从上面的角度开始，它解释了这些物质差异如何影响外行文化中新沟通环境的功能形成。德语的拉丁经典翻译提供了对这种复杂和长期发展及其认知含义的特别相关疗法，因为连接不同的文化领域需要一种特别苛刻的转移策略，以便可以将这些权威作品归化和采用。通过重点关注文本的材料形式，可以以有条不紊的控制方式观察这些过程。与可能的预期相反，正是高度传统的演示形式的特征是在打印出现之前传播经典文本，允许特别敏锐地提出以下问题：内侧的转变对他们的演示和交流转移有何影响？除此之外，该项目还调查了在单个打印机，城市，法院或教育机构的背景下发展的联系和交流环境，这些环境经常在拉丁经典融合到德国的白话文化中 - 经常在合作和互动。