Classics in Context: Late Medieval and Early Modern Translations of Latin Classics in Medial Transfer (until 1600)

语境中的经典：中世纪晚期和现代早期的拉丁经典翻译（直到 1600 年）

基本信息

批准号：
236040317
负责人：
Professor Dr. Bernd Bastert
金额：
--
依托单位：
Germanistisches Institut
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2012-12-31 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/236040317?language=en
关键词：
Classics Context Late Medieval Early

项目摘要

It is well known that the reception of antiquity and its most distinguished literary works and authors is of central importance to the literature of the 15th and 16th centuries. In contrast to the Latin and vernacular Romance literatures, however, German literature of that period has often been thought to fail at reacting appropriately to this challenge. Although modern scholarship has only recently begun to acknowledge it, there were in fact attempts to translate and incorporate major classical literary and philosophical works into German culture. These projects were transmitted in the form of 15th-century manuscripts, and, even more importantly, in medially ambitious, experimental prints of the 15th and 16th centuries. The aims of this research project are to investigate the complex processes of medial transfer and the cultural contextualisation that enable the naturalisation of Latin classics into a vernacular environment. It focuses on a careful selection of these translations (first funding period: Aesop, Boethius, Cicero, Terence; second funding period: Virgil, Ovid) from a long and crucial phase in the history of printing (c. 1460/70 - c.1600), which have never been analysed systematically before from this point of view. The project has a two-pronged approach: (1) It analyses how and why the textual presentation of these complex literary and philosophical works changes with the transfer from Latin to German and from script to print. (2) Following on from the point above, it explains how these material differences impact on the functional formation of new contexts of communication within lay culture. German translations of Latin classics offer a particularly pertinent treatment of this complex and long-term development and its cognitive implications, because a particularly demanding strategy of transfer was required for connecting the different cultural spheres so that these authoritative works could be naturalised and adopted. By focussing on the material form of texts, these processes can be observed in a methodically controlled manner. Contrary to what might be expected, it is precisely the highly conventionalised forms of presentation that characterised the transmission of the classic texts before the advent of printing that allow the following question to be asked with particular acuteness: what effect did the shift in mediality have on their presentation and communicative transfer? In addition to this, the project investigates the connections and communicative environments that developed in the context of individual printers, cities, courts or educational institutions who worked at and experimented on the integration of the Latin classics into German vernacular culture - often in cooperation and frequently in competition with each other.

众所周知，对古代及其最杰出的文学作品和作家的接受对于 15 世纪和 16 世纪的文学至关重要。然而，与拉丁文学和白话浪漫文学相反，那个时期的德国文学常常被认为未能对这一挑战做出适当的反应。尽管现代学术界最近才开始承认这一点，但实际上有人尝试将主要的古典文学和哲学著作翻译并融入德国文化。这些项目以 15 世纪手稿的形式传播，更重要的是，以 15 世纪和 16 世纪媒体雄心勃勃的实验印刷品的形式传播。该研究项目的目的是调查媒介转移和文化语境化的复杂过程，使拉丁经典自然化到本土环境中。它侧重于从印刷史上一个漫长而关键的阶段（约 1460/70 - 约 1460/70 - 约 1460/70）中精心挑选的这些翻译（第一资助时期：伊索、波伊提乌斯、西塞罗、特伦斯；第二资助时期：维吉尔、奥维德）。 1600），以前从未从这个角度进行过系统的分析。该项目采用双管齐下的方法：（1）分析这些复杂的文学和哲学作品的文本呈现如何以及为何随着从拉丁语到德语以及从文字到印刷品的转换而发生变化。 (2)继上一点之后，它解释了这些物质差异如何影响世俗文化中新的传播语境的功能形成。拉丁经典的德译对这种复杂而长期的发展及其认知含义提供了特别中肯的处理，因为连接不同文化领域需要特别苛刻的转移策略，以便这些权威作品能够被归化和采用。通过关注文本的物质形式，可以以有条理的控制方式观察这些过程。与人们的预期相反，正是在印刷术出现之前，经典文本传播的高度传统化的呈现形式，使得人们能够特别尖锐地提出以下问题：媒介性的转变对传统文本产生了怎样的影响？他们的表达和交流转移？除此之外，该项目还调查了在个体印刷商、城市、法院或教育机构的背景下发展起来的联系和交流环境，这些机构致力于将拉丁经典融入德国本土文化并进行实验——通常是合作且频繁的。在相互竞争中。