Collaborative Research: An Expanded Framework for Inferring Public Policy Diffusion Networks

合作研究：推断公共政策扩散网络的扩展框架

• 批准号: 1839282
• 负责人: Hanna Wallach
• 金额: $ 7.78万
• 依托单位: Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-06-01 至 2022-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1839282&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Expanded; Framework; Inferring

General SummaryState governments are commonly referred to as "laboratories of democracy?"because for manydecades they have experimented with new policy solutions to society's most important problems.Public policy scholars and practitioners of politics often look to the states for innovative policiesthat can be emulated by other governments across the country; a process referred to as policydiffusion. However, the complex relationships between the states (that is, the patterns,pathways, and mechanisms underlying how policies actually diffuse from one state to another)are not well understood. In this research, the PIs develop innovative tools anddata to facilitate the large-scale computational and data-intensive study of policy diffusion. Theyseek to develop and utilize the largest database on states' decisions to adopt policies to betterunderstand which states are policy leaders, which are policy followers, and why. This willprovide a novel, expansive, and systematic view of the policy diffusion process that covers theAmerican states. As a result, policymakers and other interested stakeholders will have access to acomprehensive look at the spread of innovation among state governments regarding financial,environmental, health, security, and other social problem domains.Technical AspectsThis research seeks to make three central contributions to the study of public policy diffusion.First, it will produce a database on the adoption of hundreds of policies in the American states, atleast tripling the size of the largest database currently available and yielding a sample of policiesthat is more representative of the universe of policies for which states make laws. It will alsoleverage these new data to map and analyze the network pathways according to which policiesdiffuse (i.e., establish states that are leaders and followers in the diffusion of policies). Asrecently published research by the principal investigators shows, cutting-edge computationalmethods can be applied to large databases containing information on when policies were adoptedby which governments in order to identify underlying networks along which policies persistentlydiffuse. Another key contribution from this research is to improve upon the existing method forinferring network ties in ways that are most suitable for policy diffusion research (as well associal science more generally) and implement it in a user-friendly package in the R statisticalenvironment. A final contribution, which is intended to maximize the potential user-base of thesedata and methods, will be to build an interactive online portal to the data, complete withvisualizations and automated analytics.

普通摘要政府通常被称为“民主实验室？”，因为对于许多十年来，他们已经尝试了针对社会最重要的问题的新政策解决方案。公共政策学者和政治实践者经常向各州寻求创新的政治策略，可以由全国各地的其他政府模仿；称为政策扩散的过程。但是，状态之间的复杂关系（即，政策实际上如何从一个状态到另一个状态扩散的模式，途径和机制）尚不清楚。在这项研究中，PI开发了创新的工具和数据，以促进对政策扩散的大规模计算和数据密集型研究。他们可以在各州的决定上开发和利用最大的数据库，以采用政策来更好地理解哪些国家是政策领导者，这是政策追随者，以及原因。这将证实涵盖泰米er列国家的政策扩散过程的新颖，广阔和系统的看法。结果，决策者和其他感兴趣的利益相关者将有能力了解国家政府之间关于财务，环境，环境，健康，安全和其他社会问题领域的创新的传播。技术方面的研究旨在为公共政策范围的研究做出三个核心贡献。当前可用的数据库并产生PoliciestHat样本是国家制定法律的政策宇宙的代表。它将根据哪些策略策略（即建立在策略扩散中是领导者和追随者的状态）来绘制和分析网络途径的绘制。首席研究者的惊人发表研究表明，尖端计算机可以应用于大型数据库，其中包含有关何时采用政策的信息，以识别沿着政策持续存在的基本网络。这项研究的另一个关键贡献是改进以最适合政策扩散研究（以及更广泛的关联科学）方式来提高网络联系的方法，并在R统计环境中的用户友好软件包中实施它。最终的贡献旨在最大程度地提高thesedata和方法的潜在用户基础，将是为数据建立交互式在线门户，并使用Visualization和自动化分析。