SBIR Phase I: High-power, lightweight, and flexible tandem perovskite solar panels

SBIR第一期：高功率、轻量化、柔性串联钙钛矿太阳能电池板

• 批准号: 1820497
• 负责人: Kevin Bush
• 金额: $ 22.5万
• 依托单位: Swift Solar Inc.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-07-01 至 2020-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1820497&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SBIR; Phase; power; lightweight; flexible

The broader impact/commercial potential of this Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Phase I project is an opportunity to open up new applications that depend on mobile power and dramatically lower the cost of residential, commercial, and utility-scale solar power. The project will develop lightweight, flexible, and extremely efficient photovoltaic (PV) modules using perovskite absorbers. Double-junction or tandem solar cells can reach far higher power conversion efficiencies than traditional single-junction cells (45% vs. 32%) by using two absorbing layers that absorb complementary parts of the solar spectrum; however, tandem cells have previously been too expensive for mainstream applications. This project uses perovskite materials to make tandem solar cells on flexible substrates at a lower cost than conventional cells by using high-throughput manufacturing and lower-cost materials. These efficient, lightweight, and flexible modules will open the door to long-endurance unmanned aerial vehicles, supplemental charging for electric cars, solar power for commercial buildings with roofs too weak for typical panels, and lower installation, module, and total system costs for residential, commercial, and utility-scale solar plants. The proposed project addresses the technical challenges associated with making flexible perovskite tandem solar cells efficient, stable, and low cost. Perovskite tandem solar cells have been demonstrated previously, but never in a lightweight and flexible format. Such a format creates unique technical challenges associated with delamination of the many layers in the tandem device stack, and further requires every layer to be robust to fracture. A critical area of work for flexible perovskite tandem solar cells is in developing robust, flexible, and dense diffusion barrier layers that can both conduct current and block the migration of ionic species between various layers. Much of the proposed work focuses on optimizing these barrier layers to prevent various degradation modes, some general to all perovskite solar cells and some unique to perovskite tandem solar cells. Other key focus areas include developing a flexible device architecture with improved adhesion between layers and a flexible encapsulation strategy. Realizing these goals will pave the way for highly efficient and flexible solar cells at substantially lower costs than today?s leading solar technologies.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该小企业创新研究 (SBIR) 第一阶段项目具有更广泛的影响/商业潜力，为开辟依赖移动电源的新应用提供了机会，并大幅降低了住宅、商业和公用事业规模太阳能的成本。该项目将使用钙钛矿吸收器开发轻质、灵活且极其高效的光伏（PV）模块。通过使用两个吸收太阳光谱互补部分的吸收层，双结或串联太阳能电池可以达到比传统单结电池高得多的功率转换效率（45％对32％）；然而，串联电池此前对于主流应用来说过于昂贵。该项目采用钙钛矿材料，通过高通量制造和低成本材料，以比传统电池更低的成本在柔性基板上制造串联太阳能电池。这些高效、轻量且灵活的模块将为长航时无人机、电动汽车补充充电、屋顶太薄弱而无法使用典型电池板的商业建筑提供太阳能打开大门，并降低安装、模块和总系统成本住宅、商业和公用事业规模的太阳能发电厂。该项目解决了与制造高效、稳定和低成本的柔性钙钛矿串联太阳能电池相关的技术挑战。钙钛矿串联太阳能电池之前已经被展示过，但从未以轻质且灵活的形式展示过。这种格式带来了与串联器件堆叠中许多层的分层相关的独特技术挑战，并且还要求每一层都具有坚固的抗断裂性。柔性钙钛矿串联太阳能电池的一个关键工作领域是开发坚固、灵活且致密的扩散阻挡层，该阻挡层既可以传导电流，又可以阻止离子物质在各层之间的迁移。拟议的工作大部分集中在优化这些势垒层以防止各种退化模式，一些退化模式适用于所有钙钛矿太阳能电池，一些则适用于钙钛矿串联太阳能电池。其他重点关注领域包括开发一种灵活的器件架构，该架构具有改进的层间粘合力和灵活的封装策略。实现这些目标将为高效、灵活的太阳能电池铺平道路，其成本远低于当今领先的太阳能技术。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查进行评估，被认为值得支持标准。