MRI: Acquisition of a Siemens MAGNETOM Prisma 3-Tesla MRI

MRI：购买西门子 MAGNETOM Prisma 3-Tesla MRI

• 批准号: 1826835
• 负责人: Geoffrey Boynton
• 金额: $ 223.13万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-09-01 至 2024-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1826835&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MRI; Acquisition; Siemens; MAGNETOM; Prisma

With support from the NSF Major Research Instrumentation Program to the University of Washington (UW), Drs. Geoffrey M. Boynton in the Psychology Department and Patricia K. Kuhl, co-director of the Institute for Learning & Brain Sciences, will purchase a Siemens MAGNETOM Prisma 3-Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scanner for human neuroimaging research. MRI is the primary tool for investigating the human brain. This instrument will be shared and available for scientists from a wide range of departments including Psychology, Speech and Hearing, Radiology, Psychiatry and Computer Science. This state-of-the-art device has four functions for studying the human brain: structural imaging, functional imaging, diffusion weighted imaging and magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopy. Structural imaging is using the MRI scanner to acquire images of brain structure which can be used to study, for example, how the brain structure differs across different populations, or how age and experience affect the growth of the human brain. Functional imaging, or "functional magnetic resonance imaging, (fMRI)" is used to measure where and when brain activity occurs as human subjects perform a task or experience sensory stimulation. fMRI relies on the MRI scanner's ability to measure changes in the level of oxygenated vs. deoxygenated blood that are caused by changes in brain activity. Diffusion weighted imaging can detect the major neuronal pathways in the brain by measuring the way in which water molecules naturally diffuse along these pathways. Finally, MR spectroscopy measures the levels of neurotransmitter concentration, such as the inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA throughout the brain. Different levels of GABA have been found to vary, for example, between subjects with autism and neurotypical subjects. This new MRI scanner will be the primary device for studying a wide range of human neuroscience problems. These include studies of linguistic function and dysfunction, cognition, developmental cognitive neuroscience, sensory neuroscience, neurological disorders, and studies of social cognition including autism. The four functions described above will be used to study a wide variety of subjects including children, adolescents, subjects with autism, attention deficit disorder (ADD), Alzheimer's, blindness, dyslexia, and Parkinson's disease. For example, fMRI will be used to study the brain's response while subjects with ADD attempt to ignore a visual stimulus. In another example, diffusion MRI will be used to study changes in prefrontal executive function networks in children during language development. The new scanner will form the centerpiece of a thriving and growing human interdisciplinary neuroscience community and will further strengthen an existing culture of training in neuroimaging data acquisition and analysis methods. Through a program of courses and hands-on training, we will provide the training that is needed for students and postdocs across all disciplines to master the advanced imaging techniques necessary to launch successful independent careers in the human neurosciences.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在NSF主要研究仪器计划的支持下，华盛顿大学（UW）博士。心理学系的Geoffrey M. Boynton和学习与脑科学研究所的联合主任Patricia K. Kuhl将购买人类神经成像研究的Siemens Magnetom Prisma 3-Tesla磁共振成像（MRI）Scanner。 MRI是研究人脑的主要工具。 该工具将被共享，并为来自心理学，言语和听力，放射学，精神病学和计算机科学在内的各个部门的科学家提供。该最先进的装置具有四个用于研究人脑的功能：结构成像，功能成像，扩散加权成像和磁共振（MR）光谱。 结构成像正在使用MRI扫描仪获取大脑结构的图像，这些图像可用于研究，例如，大脑结构在不同人群之间的不同或年龄和经验如何影响人脑的生长。 功能成像或“功能磁共振成像，（fMRI）”用于测量当人类受试者执行任务或体验感官刺激时，脑活动发生的何时何地。 FMRI依赖于MRI扫描仪测量由大脑活动变化引起的氧化与去氧血液水平的变化的能力。 扩散加权成像可以通过测量自然沿这些途径自然扩散的水分子的方式来检测大脑中的主要神经元途径。 最后，MR光谱法测量了神经递质浓度的水平，例如整个大脑的抑制性神经递质GABA。 已经发现不同水平的GABA有所不同，例如，自闭症和神经型受试者之间的受试者之间有所不同。 这种新的MRI扫描仪将是研究各种人类神经科学问题的主要手段。 其中包括对语言功能和功能障碍的研究，认知，发育认知神经科学，感觉神经科学，神经系统疾病以及包括自闭症在内的社会认知研究。 上述四个功能将用于研究各种受试者，包括儿童，青少年，自闭症患者，注意力缺陷障碍（ADD），阿尔茨海默氏症，失明，阅读障碍和帕金森氏病。 例如，fMRI将用于研究大脑的反应，同时添加试图忽略视觉刺激的受试者。 在另一个例子中，扩散MRI将用于研究语言发展过程中儿童前额叶执行功能网络的变化。新的扫描仪将构成人类跨学科的神经科学界的核心，并将进一步增强神经影像学数据获取和分析方法中现有的培训文化。通过一项课程和动手培训计划，我们将提供所有学科的学生和博士后所需的培训，以掌握在人类神经科学领域开展成功的独立职业所必需的先进成像技术。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过该基金会的知识优点和广泛的影响来评估NSF的法定任务，并通过评估值得进行评估。