Investigating modern human population history and dynamics: A genomic analysis of Georgian populations of the South Caucasus

调查现代人类人口历史和动态：南高加索格鲁吉亚人口的基因组分析

基本信息

批准号：
1824826
负责人：
Theodore Schurr
金额：
$ 46.71万
依托单位：
University of Pennsylvania
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2019
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2019-04-01 至 2024-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1824826&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Investigating modern human population history

项目摘要

This project will combine genomic, historical, archaeological and linguistic data to advance our understanding of modern human population history with respect to the expansion of agriculture, cultures, and populations in Eurasia. The project will generate new data about Georgian populations that can be utilized by scientific researchers and the general public, thereby expanding the collective knowledge of anthropology, genetics and human history. The project will strengthen substantive international research collaborations with Georgian scholars, provide training opportunities for undergraduate and graduate students, contribute to course content for biological anthropology and population genetics courses, and promote public dissemination of the scientific results through publications and lectures in both the United States and Georgia. The results of the study will also be shared with participants by the international research team. In this interdisciplinary study, developed in collaboration with scholars from the Ivane Javakhishvili Institute of History and Ethnology and the Tbilisi State Medical University, the investigators will conduct a survey of genomic diversity in modern Georgian populations, which will reveal new details about human phylogeography, sex-biased contributions to genetic diversity, patterns of admixture and migration, and the modern human settlement of Eurasia. Through fieldwork in the region, the investigators will obtain genealogical data and DNA samples from ~1250 individuals living there. For these newly collected samples, and for ~700 previously collected samples from the Samegrelo-Zemo Svaneti region, they will analyze mtDNA, Y-chromosome and autosomal variation, including through whole genome sequencing. These data will be analyzed in conjunction with archeological, ethnological and linguistic evidence. Using this approach, a number of questions will be addressed, including: (a) the Paleolithic settlement of the Caucasus by modern humans; (b) the nature and extent of Neanderthal admixture in Georgian populations; (c) the degree to which local Caucasus populations have genetically influenced Eurasian populations; (d) the biological and cultural impact of the Neolithic spread of agriculture into the Caucasus; and (e) the interactions between Anatolian and Georgian populations over the past ten millennia. This project will generate some of the highest resolution mtDNA, Y-chromosome and autosomal data currently available for Caucasus populations. Finally, these studies of contemporary Caucasus populations will lay the foundation for future ancient DNA analyses of past human populations from various locations and temporal contexts within the region, ones that will provide a clearer diachronic perspective on genetic variation in the Caucasus itself.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目将结合基因组，历史，考古和语言数据，以促进我们对欧亚大陆农业，文化和人口扩大的现代人口历史的理解。该项目将生成有关格鲁吉亚人口的新数据，科学研究人员和公众可以利用，从而扩大人类学，遗传学和人类历史的集体知识。该项目将加强与格鲁吉亚学者的实质性国际研究合作，为本科生和研究生提供培训机会，为生物人类学和人口遗传学课程的课程内容提供贡献，并通过美国和乔治亚州的出版物和讲座来促进公众对科学结果的传播。该研究的结果也将由国际研究团队与参与者共享。在这项与伊万贾瓦基什维利历史与民族学研究所和第比利斯州立医科大学的学者合作开发的这项跨学科研究中，研究人员将对现代乔治亚人的种族多样性进行调查，该调查将揭示人类植物学的新细节，对人类属于人类的遗传和群体的贡献，并揭示了人类属于人类和属于人类群体的新细节。通过该地区的现场工作，研究人员将获得居住在那里的约1250名个人的家谱数据和DNA样本。对于这些新收集的样品，对于先前从Samegrele-Zemo svaneti区域收集的约700个样品，他们将分析mtDNA，Y-染色体和常染色体变异，包括通过整个基因组测序。这些数据将与考古，民族学和语言证据一起分析。使用这种方法，将解决许多问题，包括：（a）现代人类对高加索的旧石器时代；（b）格鲁吉亚人口中尼安德特人混合的性质和程度；（c）当地高加索人口在遗传影响欧亚人口的程度；（d）农业新石器时代传播到高加索地区的生物学和文化影响；（e）过去十千年来安纳托利亚人和格鲁吉亚人口之间的相互作用。该项目将生成一些最高的分辨率mtDNA，Y-chromosom和常染色体数据，目前可用于高加索人群。最后，这些对当代高加索人群的研究将为未来对人口的古老DNA分析奠定基础，从该地区的各个地点和时间环境中，将为高加索本身的遗传变异提供更清晰的直觉观点，这些观点本身就反映了NSF的法规及其构成的范围，以反映了依据的范围，这是一项值得一提的依据。