Collaborative Research: Placing High-Redshift Quasars in Perspective: a Gemini Near-Infrared Spectroscopic Survey

合作研究：透视高红移类星体：双子座近红外光谱巡天

• 批准号: 1815645
• 负责人: Michael Brotherton
• 金额: $ 37.58万
• 依托单位: University of Wyoming
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-07-01 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1815645&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Placing; Redshift; Quasars

Part 1Shining brighter than a trillion suns, quasars are the most luminous persistentsources in the universe. These cosmic powerhouses form when gas is funneledtoward giant black holes at the centers of galaxies. Since quasars are thoughtto shape the growth of their galaxies, better understanding these sources is oneof modern astronomy's major goals. This project makes new telescopicobservations over several years to improve estimates of the most basicproperties of quasars, enhancing a wide range of astronomical studies.Some 350 hours of infrared observations of 400 distant quasars with theGemini-North telescope in Hawaii will produce the best and largest data set ofits kind. Studying the infrared light will lead to better estimates of themasses of the quasars' black holes, their fueling rates, and their distancesfrom Earth. These results will, in turn, help to develop improved equations forthese properties in the larger quasar population. Comparison with nearby quasarswill also show how these sources change over time, indicating how the galaxiessurrounding such quasars change as well. This project represents a steppingstone in understanding quasars which, in turn, will enable more in-depth projectsat the forefront of modern astronomy.Part 2Quasars are the most powerful objects in the universe. They greatly outshine allthe stars in the galaxies in which they reside. They consist of growing blackholes, millions to billions of times more massive than the sun. Betterunderstanding these most energetic of objects, their properties, their effectson the galaxies that surround them, and how they grow over time are importantquestions in modern astronomy. This project will use one of the world's largesttelescopes to better understand some of the most powerful and distant quasars inorder to help answer these questions. Additional related areas at the forefrontof modern astronomy will benefit as well.The main goal of this project is to substantially improve how we measure thefundamental properties of distant quasars. These properties include the blackhole mass, fueling rate, and distance. Another goal is to see how theseproperties have changed over time. To achieve these goals, the investigatorswill use the Gemini-North telescope in Hawaii to observe the infrared light frommore than 400 distant quasars, thereby creating the largest and best such dataset to date. This effort will take 350 hours of telescope time over severalyears. Analysis of certain features in the light of these sources will providethe best measurements yet of key quasar properties. The results of this projectwill yield new calibrations for quasars in general, and enable a wide range offollow-up studies.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

第1部分比万亿太阳更明亮，类星体是宇宙中最具发光的持续设备。这些宇宙发动机在星系中心漏气时形成了巨大的黑洞。由于被认为可以塑造星系的增长，因此更好地了解这些来源是现代天文学的一种主要目标。该项目在几年内进行了新的伸缩型望远镜，以改善对类星体的最基本质量的估计，从而增强了广泛的天文学研究。有350个小时的350小时的红外观察结果与夏威夷的Thegemini-North望远镜进行了400个遥远的类星体，将生产出最佳和最大的数据集。研究红外光将导致更好地估计类星体黑洞，燃料速率以及其距离的距离。这些结果反过来将有助于在较大的类星体种群中开发改进的方程式。与附近的果酱的比较还显示了这些来源如何随着时间的流逝而变化，表明了这种类星体的星系库也如何变化。该项目代表了理解类星体的垫脚石，而现代天文学的最前沿将使更多的深度项目成为宇宙中最强大的对象。他们极大地超过了他们居住的星系中的所有星星。它们包括生长的黑洞，比太阳的数百万到数十亿倍。更好地理解这些最有活力的物体，它们的特性，其效果，它们周围的星系以及它们如何随着时间的流逝而成长是现代天文学的重要问题。该项目将利用世界上最大的台面之一，以更好地理解一些最强大，最遥远的类星体的秩序，以帮助回答这些问题。现代天文学的其他相关领域也将受益。该项目的主要目的是实质上改善我们如何衡量遥远类星体的基本属性。这些特性包括黑洞质量，加油速率和距离。另一个目标是查看这些eproperties如何随着时间的流逝而改变。为了实现这些目标，调查人员将使用夏威夷的双子座北望远镜观察来自400多个远距离的类星体的红外光线，从而创建迄今为止最大，最佳的此类数据集。这项工作将花费350个小时的望远镜时间。鉴于这些来源，对某些特征的分析将为迄今为止关键的类星体特性提供最佳测量。该项目将总体上为类星体提供了新的校准，并实现了广泛的关注研究。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准，被认为值得通过评估来提供支持。

项目成果

Quasar black hole masses and accretion rates across cosmic time

• DOI: 10.1017/s1743921320002392
• 发表时间: 2019-03
• 期刊: Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union
• 作者: M. Brotherton;J. Maithil;A. Myers;O. Shemmer;B. Matthews;C. Dix;P. Du;Jian-Min Wang

Prescriptions for Correcting Ultraviolet-based Redshifts for Luminous Quasars at High Redshift

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab77b6
• 发表时间: 2020-02
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: C. Dix;O. Shemmer;M. Brotherton;R. Green;M. Mason;A. Myers

Systematically smaller single-epoch quasar black hole masses using a radius–luminosity relationship corrected for spectral bias

使用校正光谱偏差的半径与光度关系系统地减小单历元类星体黑洞质量

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stac1748
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Jaya Maithil;Michael S Brotherton;Ohad Shemmer;Pu Du;Jian-Min Wang;Adam D Myers;Jacob N McLane;Cooper Dix;Br;on M Matthews
• 通讯作者: on M Matthews

Placing High-redshift Quasars in Perspective: A Catalog of Spectroscopic Properties from the Gemini Near Infrared Spectrograph–Distant Quasar Survey

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4365/abc705
• 发表时间: 2020-11
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series
• 作者: B. Matthews;O. Shemmer;C. Dix;M. Brotherton;A. Myers;I. Andruchow;W. Brandt;G. Ferrero;S. Gallagher;R. Green;P. Lira;R. Plotkin;G. Richards;J. Runnoe;D. Schneider;Yue Shen;M. Strauss;Beverley J. Wills U. North Texas;U. Wyoming;U. L. Plata;Penn State;Western;U. Arizona;U. Chile;U. N. Reno;Drexel;Vanderbilt;U. I. Urbana-Champaign;Princeton;U. T. A. Austin