Mechanisms of active vison in barn owls: Stable perception through atomic head movements

仓鸮的主动视觉机制：通过原子头部运动实现稳定的感知

基本信息

批准号：
233611230
负责人：
Professor Dr. Hermann Wagner
金额：
--
依托单位：
Lehrstuhl für Zoologie und Tierphysiologie
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2012-12-31 至 2016-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/233611230?language=en
关键词：
Mechanisms active vison barn owls

项目摘要

In order to survive most animals have to acquire and scale sensory information in reference to the physical world to guide behavior. Information may be either collected passively, analyzing incoming sensory information, or actively, by the actions of the animals. This proposal investigates visual size discrimination in the barn owl as a special case. The project is divided into three work packages. The goal in the first work package is to describe and determine how well the barn owl is capable to discriminate objects of different sizes. The second work package introduces different distances as a case of generalization and investigates the phenomenon of size constancy in barn owls. The third work package will tackle the question how the barn owl uses motion parallax in an active fashion, not only to infer distance, but also the size of an object. The latter approach is also designed to improve our functional understanding of the conspicuous side-to-side head movements observed in barn owls. Experiments with human subjects will be carried out in parallel. They will yield interesting independent data characterizing aspects of the human visual system. From this studies a visual scaling factor should result that might be compared between species to advance our understanding of visual behaviors from an evolutionary perspective. We think that this research may eventually lead to a better understanding of visual orientation and may be valuable for application purposes.

为了生存，大多数动物必须获取并衡量物理世界的感官信息以指导行为。信息可以通过分析传入的感官信息被动收集，也可以通过动物的行为主动收集。该提案将谷仓猫头鹰的视觉尺寸歧视作为一个特例进行调查。该项目分为三个工作包。第一个工作包的目标是描述和确定仓鸮区分不同大小物体的能力。第二个工作包引入了不同的距离作为概括的情况，并研究了仓鸮的体型恒定现象。第三个工作包将解决仓鸮如何以主动方式使用运动视差的问题，不仅可以推断距离，还可以推断物体的大小。后一种方法还旨在提高我们对在仓鸮中观察到的明显左右头部运动的功能理解。人体实验将同时进行。它们将产生有趣的独立数据来表征人类视觉系统的各个方面。从这项研究中应该得出一个视觉缩放因子，可以在物种之间进行比较，以增进我们从进化角度对视觉行为的理解。我们认为这项研究最终可能会导致人们更好地理解视觉定向，并且对于应用目的可能很有价值。