Collaborative Research: Surface Exchange of Climate-Active Trace Gases in a Sea Ice Environment During MOSAiC

合作研究：MOSAiC 期间海冰环境中气候活跃微量气体的表面交换

• 批准号: 1807163
• 负责人: Stephen Archer
• 金额: $ 77.12万
• 依托单位: Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-10-01 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1807163&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Surface; Exchange; Climate

This project focuses on understanding the exchange of trace gases across the ice-sea-air interface during a large, collaborative field effort in the Arctic Ocean. Investigators will collect data over an entire year and with collaborators, reduce uncertainty in regional and global climate models. They will measure carbon dioxide, methane, dimethylsufide, and ozone from the bow of an icebreaking research vessel and from towers and portable instruments at field camps established on sea ice. The study is an integral part of the year-long Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) that will take place 2019-2020, bringing together an international team of scientists to understand the causes and consequences of recent and predicted changes in sea ice. The investigators plan a variety of outreach and educational efforts to spark interest and build knowledge in science educators and students about the Arctic and its climate system, and this study will provide education and training opportunities for a postdoctoral scientist and undergraduates.This study will improve understanding of processes controlling exchange of climate-active gases between sea ice and atmosphere in the Arctic. The investigators will participate in a year-long, international field campaign in the high Arctic, Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC). They will conduct continuous turbulent flux measurements using the eddy correlation method from a tower on the bow of the German icebreaker Polarstern and from a tower situated on a nearby ice camp. These will account for gas transfer over large, km-scale areas of ice and open water leads. The investigators will also collect measurements of direct gas emission and deposition over smaller areas of ice and snow and a range of surface types using portable dynamic flux chambers. In collaboration with members of the Biogeochemical Exchange Processes at Sea-Ice Interfaces working group (BEPSII), observations of direct gas transfer will inform and validate biogeochemical models of trace gas dynamics in sea ice. In addition, a physical parameterization of air/sea gas transfer will be developed as an extension of the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment gas transfer (COAREG) model, enabling regional estimates of net gas transfer in the sea ice environment. Finally, results will be used to develop and evaluate of ocean-sea ice-boundary layer exchange of climate-active trace gases in both 1-D and meso-scale (Polar Weather Research and Forecasting) atmospheric chemistry-meteorological modelling systems.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目着重于在北极海洋的大型协作现场工作中了解冰山空气界面上痕量气体的交换。调查人员将在整整一年内收集数据，并与合作者合作，减少区域和全球气候模型中的不确定性。他们将从一艘破冰船的弓箭上以及从海冰上建立的野外营地的塔和便携式乐器中测量二氧化碳，甲烷，二甲基和臭氧。这项研究是将在2019 - 2020年举行的北极气候研究（Mosaic）研究的为期一年的多学科漂流观测站的组成部分，汇集了一个国际科学家团队，以了解最近和预测海冰变化的新事业和后果。研究人员计划各种宣传和教育工作，以激发科学教育工作者和学生对北极及其气候系统的知识，这项研究将为博士后科学家和本科生提供教育和培训机会。这项研究将提高对控制气候气体和摩天气候之间气候气体的流程的理解。调查人员将参加为期一年的国际野外运动，参加北极高的北极流动天文台，以进行北极气候研究（Mosaic）。他们将使用来自德国冰破冰船的船头的塔和附近冰上营地的塔楼的塔楼进行连续的湍流测量。这些将考虑到大型冰区域和开放水域的大型区域上的气体转移。研究人员还将使用便携式动态通量室在较小的冰和积雪以及一系列表面类型上收集直接气体排放和沉积的测量。与Sea-Ice界面工作组（BEPSII）的生物地球化学交换过程的成员合作，直接气体转移的观察将为海冰中痕量气体动态的生物地球化学模型提供信息。此外，将开发出空气/海气转移的物理参数化，作为耦合海洋 - 大气响应实验气体转移（COAREG）模型的扩展，从而使海冰环境中净气体转移的区域估计值能够估计。最后，结果将用于开发和评估1-D和介质尺度（极性天气研究和预测）大气化学化学现象模型模型系统中气候活性痕量气体的海洋冰层交换。这奖反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用基础的智力效果进行评估，并通过评估了智力和广阔的范围。

项目成果

Thin and transient meltwater layers and false bottoms in the Arctic sea ice pack—Recent insights on these historically overlooked features

• DOI: 10.1525/elementa.2023.00025
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Elem Sci Anth
• 作者: Madison M. Smith;H. Angot;E. J. Chamberlain;E. Droste;S. Karam;Morven Muilwijk;Alison L. Webb;Stephen D. Archer;Ivo Beck;Byron W. Blomquist;Jeffrey D. Bowman;M. Boyer;Deborah Bozzato;M. Chierici;J. Creamean;Alessandra D'Angelo;B. Delille;I. Fer;A. Fong;A. Fransson;Niels Fuchs;Jessie Gardner;M. Granskog;C. Hoppe;M. Hoppema;M. Hoppmann;Thomas Mock;Sofia Muller;Oliver Müller;M. Nicolaus;Daiki Nomura;T. Petäjä;E. Salganik;J. Schmale;Katrin Schmidt;K. Schulz;M. Shupe;J. Stefels;Linda Thielke;Sandra Tippenhauer;Adam Ulfsbo;M. V. van Leeuwe;M. Webster;Masaki Yoshimura;Liyang Zhan

Substantial contribution of iodine to Arctic ozone destruction

• DOI: 10.1038/s41561-022-01018-w
• 发表时间: 2022-09-15
• 期刊: NATURE GEOSCIENCE
• 影响因子: 18.3
• 作者: Benavent, Nuria;Mahajan, Anoop S.;Saiz-Lopez, Alfonso
• 通讯作者: Saiz-Lopez, Alfonso

Modelling the coupled mercury-halogen-ozone cycle in the central Arctic during spring

• DOI: 10.1525/elementa.2022.00129
• 发表时间: 2023-05-11
• 期刊: ELEMENTA-SCIENCE OF THE ANTHROPOCENE
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Ahmed, Shaddy;Thomas, Jennie L.;Zilker, Bianca
• 通讯作者: Zilker, Bianca

The biogeochemistry of marine dimethylsulfide

• DOI: 10.1038/s43017-023-00428-7
• 发表时间: 2023-06-01
• 期刊: NATURE REVIEWS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
• 影响因子: 42.1
• 作者: Hopkins, Frances E. E.;Archer, Stephen D. D.;Todd, Jonathan D. D.
• 通讯作者: Todd, Jonathan D. D.

Low ozone dry deposition rates to sea ice during the MOSAiC field campaign: Implications for the Arctic boundary layer ozone budget

• DOI: 10.1525/elementa.2022.00086
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene
• 作者: J. Barten;L. Ganzeveld;G. Steeneveld;B. Blomquist;H. Angot;S. Archer;L. Bariteau;Ivo Beck;M. Boyer;P. von der Gathen;D. Helmig;D. Howard;J. Hueber;H. Jacobi;T. Jokinen;T. Laurila;Kevin M. Posman;L. Quéléver;J. Schmale;M. Shupe;M. Krol