Collaborative Research: Surface Exchange of Climate-Active Trace Gases in a Sea Ice Environment During MOSAiC

合作研究：MOSAiC 期间海冰环境中气候活跃微量气体的表面交换

• 批准号: 1807163
• 负责人: Stephen Archer
• 金额: $ 77.12万
• 依托单位: Bigelow Laboratory for Ocean Sciences
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-10-01 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1807163&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Surface; Exchange; Climate

This project focuses on understanding the exchange of trace gases across the ice-sea-air interface during a large, collaborative field effort in the Arctic Ocean. Investigators will collect data over an entire year and with collaborators, reduce uncertainty in regional and global climate models. They will measure carbon dioxide, methane, dimethylsufide, and ozone from the bow of an icebreaking research vessel and from towers and portable instruments at field camps established on sea ice. The study is an integral part of the year-long Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC) that will take place 2019-2020, bringing together an international team of scientists to understand the causes and consequences of recent and predicted changes in sea ice. The investigators plan a variety of outreach and educational efforts to spark interest and build knowledge in science educators and students about the Arctic and its climate system, and this study will provide education and training opportunities for a postdoctoral scientist and undergraduates.This study will improve understanding of processes controlling exchange of climate-active gases between sea ice and atmosphere in the Arctic. The investigators will participate in a year-long, international field campaign in the high Arctic, Multidisciplinary drifting Observatory for the Study of Arctic Climate (MOSAiC). They will conduct continuous turbulent flux measurements using the eddy correlation method from a tower on the bow of the German icebreaker Polarstern and from a tower situated on a nearby ice camp. These will account for gas transfer over large, km-scale areas of ice and open water leads. The investigators will also collect measurements of direct gas emission and deposition over smaller areas of ice and snow and a range of surface types using portable dynamic flux chambers. In collaboration with members of the Biogeochemical Exchange Processes at Sea-Ice Interfaces working group (BEPSII), observations of direct gas transfer will inform and validate biogeochemical models of trace gas dynamics in sea ice. In addition, a physical parameterization of air/sea gas transfer will be developed as an extension of the Coupled Ocean-Atmosphere Response Experiment gas transfer (COAREG) model, enabling regional estimates of net gas transfer in the sea ice environment. Finally, results will be used to develop and evaluate of ocean-sea ice-boundary layer exchange of climate-active trace gases in both 1-D and meso-scale (Polar Weather Research and Forecasting) atmospheric chemistry-meteorological modelling systems.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目的重点是了解在北冰洋进行的大规模协作现场工作期间，冰-海-空气界面上微量气体的交换。研究人员将与合作者一起收集一整年的数据，减少区域和全球气候模型的不确定性。他们将从破冰研究船的船头以及建立在海冰上的野外营地的塔和便携式仪器中测量二氧化碳、甲烷、二甲基硫和臭氧。这项研究是为期一年的北极气候研究多学科漂流观测站 (MOSAiC) 的一个组成部分，该观测站将于 2019 年至 2020 年进行，汇集了一个国际科学家团队，以了解近期和预测的北极气候变化的原因和后果。海冰。研究人员计划了各种外展和教育工作，以激发科学教育者和学生对北极及其气候系统的兴趣并建立知识，这项研究将为博士后科学家和本科生提供教育和培训机会。这项研究将增进理解控制北极海冰和大气之间气候活跃气体交换的过程。研究人员将参加在北极高纬度、北极气候研究多学科漂流观测站（MOSAiC）开展的为期一年的国际实地活动。他们将使用涡相关法从德国破冰船 Polarstern 号船头的塔和附近冰营地的塔进行连续湍流测量。这些将解释大面积、公里级的冰和开放水域的气体传输。研究人员还将使用便携式动态通量室收集较小区域的冰雪和一系列表面类型的直接气体排放和沉积的测量结果。与海冰界面生物地球化学交换过程工作组 (BEPSII) 的成员合作，对直接气体转移的观测将为海冰中痕量气体动力学的生物地球化学模型提供信息和验证。此外，还将开发空气/海洋气体传输的物理参数化，作为耦合海洋-大气响应实验气体传输（COAREG）模型的扩展，从而能够对海冰环境中的净气体传输进行区域估计。最后，结果将用于开发和评估一维和中尺度（极地天气研究和预报）大气化学-气象建模系统中气候活跃微量气体的海洋-海冰-边界层交换。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Thin and transient meltwater layers and false bottoms in the Arctic sea ice pack—Recent insights on these historically overlooked features

• DOI: 10.1525/elementa.2023.00025
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Elem Sci Anth
• 作者: Madison M. Smith;H. Angot;E. J. Chamberlain;E. Droste;S. Karam;Morven Muilwijk;Alison L. Webb;Stephen D. Archer;Ivo Beck;Byron W. Blomquist;Jeffrey D. Bowman;M. Boyer;Deborah Bozzato;M. Chierici;J. Creamean;Alessandra D'Angelo;B. Delille;I. Fer;A. Fong;A. Fransson;Niels Fuchs;Jessie Gardner;M. Granskog;C. Hoppe;M. Hoppema;M. Hoppmann;Thomas Mock;Sofia Muller;Oliver Müller;M. Nicolaus;Daiki Nomura;T. Petäjä;E. Salganik;J. Schmale;Katrin Schmidt;K. Schulz;M. Shupe;J. Stefels;Linda Thielke;Sandra Tippenhauer;Adam Ulfsbo;M. V. van Leeuwe;M. Webster;Masaki Yoshimura;Liyang Zhan

Substantial contribution of iodine to Arctic ozone destruction

• DOI: 10.1038/s41561-022-01018-w
• 发表时间: 2022-09-15
• 期刊: NATURE GEOSCIENCE
• 影响因子: 18.3
• 作者: Benavent, Nuria;Mahajan, Anoop S.;Saiz-Lopez, Alfonso
• 通讯作者: Saiz-Lopez, Alfonso

Modelling the coupled mercury-halogen-ozone cycle in the central Arctic during spring

• DOI: 10.1525/elementa.2022.00129
• 发表时间: 2023-05-11
• 期刊: ELEMENTA-SCIENCE OF THE ANTHROPOCENE
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Ahmed, Shaddy;Thomas, Jennie L.;Zilker, Bianca
• 通讯作者: Zilker, Bianca

The biogeochemistry of marine dimethylsulfide

• DOI: 10.1038/s43017-023-00428-7
• 发表时间: 2023-06-01
• 期刊: NATURE REVIEWS EARTH & ENVIRONMENT
• 影响因子: 42.1
• 作者: Hopkins, Frances E. E.;Archer, Stephen D. D.;Todd, Jonathan D. D.
• 通讯作者: Todd, Jonathan D. D.

Low ozone dry deposition rates to sea ice during the MOSAiC field campaign: Implications for the Arctic boundary layer ozone budget

• DOI: 10.1525/elementa.2022.00086
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Elementa: Science of the Anthropocene
• 作者: J. Barten;L. Ganzeveld;G. Steeneveld;B. Blomquist;H. Angot;S. Archer;L. Bariteau;Ivo Beck;M. Boyer;P. von der Gathen;D. Helmig;D. Howard;J. Hueber;H. Jacobi;T. Jokinen;T. Laurila;Kevin M. Posman;L. Quéléver;J. Schmale;M. Shupe;M. Krol