Doctoral Dissertation Research: The Governance of Mega-Cities

博士论文研究：特大城市治理

基本信息

批准号：
1802543
负责人：
Patrick Heller
金额：
$ 1.2万
依托单位：
Brown University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-05-01 至 2021-04-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1802543&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Doctoral Dissertation Research Governance Mega

项目摘要

Local governments of cities distribute public goods in theory to improve the well-being of their residents. This project compares the trajectories of two mega-cities that in began in the 1980s and early 1990s from roughly equivalent situations, including a relatively high level of local governance and commitment to delivery of urban public goods such as housing, sanitation, and public transportation. Yet despite similar goals and strategies, while state interventions have reduced urban inequalities in one of these cities, they have reproduced these inequalities in the other one. This project promises to generate new insights into the relationship between states, democracy, and urban inequalities. Findings will be useful for urban policymaking in the midst of social change. They will inform understanding of how cities can coordinate politics and institutional change to deliver public goods.This project will use multiple methods to compare public goods provision in São Paulo, Brazil and Johannesburg, South Africa. The methods are: a) field-based participant observation and interviews with key public and private actors; b) archival research of legislation, newspapers, trade publications, and internal government and NGO documents; and c) spatial analysis of 25 years of quantitative data on housing, sanitation and transportation. The research design and comparative-historical methods of analysis make it possible to disaggregate changes in interactions between social coalitions and state institutions over time, and to specify the mechanisms of these changes. The theoretical basis for this work draws on two literatures in sociology: urban sociology, which focuses on the neighborhood or city scale, and the sociology of development, which focuses on the national scale.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

城市的地方政府从理论上分发公共物品，以改善其居民的福祉。该项目比较了两个大型城市的轨迹，这些轨迹在1980年代和1990年代初从大致相同的情况开始，包括相对高的地方治理和对交付城市公共物品（例如住房，卫生和公共交通）的承诺。然而，类似的目标和策略，而国家干预措施减少了这些城市之一的城市不平等现象，但他们在另一个城市中复制了这些不平等现象。该项目有望产生对国家，民主和城市不平等之间关系的新见解。在社会变革中，发现对于城市政策制定将是有用的。他们将告知城市如何协调政治和机构变革以交付公共物品的理解。该项目将使用多种方法比较巴西圣保罗和南非约翰内斯堡的公共物品供应。这些方法是：a）基于现场的参与观察以及对主要公共和私人参与者的访谈； b）立法，报纸，贸易出版物以及内部政府和非政府组织文件的档案研究； c）关于住房，卫生和运输的25年定量数据的空间分析。研究设计和比较历史分析方法使社会联盟与国家机构之间的相互作用变化随着时间的流逝，并指定这些变化的机制是可能的。这项工作的理论基础借鉴了社会学的两种文献：城市社会学，重点是社区或城市规模，以及侧重于国家规模的发展社会学。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为是通过使用基金会的知识分子和更广泛影响的评估来审查CRITERIA的评估来通过评估来获得支持的珍贵。