Research Initiation Award: Characterization and development of young leaves of Glyphosate Susceptible Amaranthus palmeri vs Glyphosate Resistant Amaranthus palmeri after exposure

研究启动奖：草甘膦敏感的苋菜与抗草甘膦苋菜接触后幼叶的特征和发育

• 批准号: 1800864
• 负责人: Lori Banks
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: Prairie View A & M University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-01 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1800864&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Research; Initiation; Award; Characterization; development

The Historically Black Colleges and Universities-Undergraduate Program (HBCU-UP) Research Initiation Awards (RIAs) provide support to STEM faculty at HBCUs to pursue research at their home institution, at an NSF-funded Center, at a research intensive institution or at a national laboratory. The RIA projects are expected to help further the faculty member's research capability and effectiveness, to improve research and teaching at their home institution, and to involve undergraduate students in research experiences. With support from the National Science Foundation, Prairie View A & M University (PVAMU) seeks to conduct a research project that bridges the academic units of biology, ecology, agriculture, bioinformatics and imaging. This study assesses the impact of acetic acid on the two forms of Amaranthus palmeri and creates a baseline of genomic data. This project is a collaboration with the PVAMU Computational Center and provides funds for two undergraduates to engage in research each semester. Students involved with the project will be closely mentored. This will include teaching them new scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and computational skills, preparing then to make poster presentations at local/national research symposia and/or conferences and discussing long term career goals. Project results will inform scientists and the agricultural community about which varying concentrations of acetic acid can best be used as a sustainable method of organic weed control. The idea for any growth control agent is to use the least amount of chemical and cause the least amount of change to the environment.Traditional herbicides and growth control agents contain glyphosate based compounds and were initially thought to cause minimal change to the environment. After continued use of these compounds, scientists noticed that some weeds, including A. palmeri, became resistant to the glyphosate based herbicides, thus debunking the idea of minimal harm to the environment. The information gained from the study will provide significant information to evolutionary science because the two versions of A. palmeri evolved in a relatively short time frame. Changes in the genome from year to year and region to region will be assessed and related to acetic acid treatments. The genomic data will provide insight into the evolutionary changes at the genome level. When plants are stressed, they often exhibit changes in the leaf structures, microbiota and genome. Scanning Electron Microscopy will be used to determine the most vulnerable stages of plant development impacted by acetic acid and show changes in leaf surface structures and genetic profile. The study also analyzes the impact that timing of the application of acetic acid has on growth control. The results will have implications for other weeds. The project is expected to show that when acetic acid is applied early and before the desired crop emerges, there will be less change/damage to the environment. Applying acetic acid at the right time and using it as an organic weed control will serve as a model technique/practice for producers and will lower their cost while increasing productivity. This project is novel because it uses genomic data to assess the effects of acetic acid treatments at each stage of development.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

历史悠久的黑人学院和大学的大学生课程（HBCU-UP）研究发起奖（RIAS）为HBCUS的STEM教师提供了支持，以在其家庭机构，在NSF资助的中心，在研究密集型机构或国家实验室中进行研究。预计RIA项目将有助于促进教师的研究能力和有效性，改善其家庭机构的研究和教学，并让本科生参与研究经验。在国家科学基金会的支持下，Prairie View A＆M大学（PVAMU）试图进行一项研究项目，桥接生物学，生态，农业，生物信息学和成像的学术单位。 这项研究评估了乙酸对两种形式的Amaranthus Palmeri的影响，并创建了基因组数据的基线。该项目是与PVAMU计算中心的合作，并为两个大学生提供了每个学期研究的资金。参与该项目的学生将受到密切指导。这将包括教给他们新的扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和计算技能，然后准备在本地/国家研究研讨会和/或会议上进行海报演讲，并讨论长期职业目标。项目结果将为科学家和农业界提供信息，最好将哪种不同浓度的乙酸用作可持续的有机杂草控制方法。任何生长控制剂的想法是使用最少的化学物质，并导致环境的最小变化。传统除草剂和生长控制剂含有基于草甘膦的化合物，并最初被认为会导致环境的最小变化。在继续使用这些化合物之后，科学家注意到，包括帕尔默里（A. Palmeri）在内的一些杂草对基于草甘膦的除草剂具有抵抗力，从而揭露了对环境的最小伤害的观念。从研究中获得的信息将为进化科学提供重要信息，因为帕尔默里的两个版本在相对较短的时间范围内进化。将评估基因组的变化，并与乙酸治疗相关。基因组数据将洞悉基因组水平的进化变化。 当植物受到压力时，它们经常在叶片结构，微生物群和基因组中表现出变化。 扫描电子显微镜将用于确定受乙酸影响的植物发育的最脆弱阶段，并显示出叶片表面结构和遗传特征的变化。该研究还分析了乙酸的应用对生长控制的影响。结果将对其他杂草有影响。预计该项目将表明，当乙酸早点施用，并且在所需的作物出现之前，对环境的变化/损害将较小。在适当的时间使用乙酸并将其用作有机杂草控制，将作为生产者的模型技术/实践，并将降低其成本，同时提高生产率。该项目之所以新颖，是因为它使用基因组数据来评估乙酸处理在开发的每个阶段的影响。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响来评估的支持。