Collaborative Research: Carbon-Helium-Argon Isotope Relations at High-3He/4He Hotspots and Implications for Mantle Dynamics

合作研究:高 3He/4He 热点的碳-氦-氩同位素关系及其对地幔动力学的影响

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    1763259
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 7万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2018-05-15 至 2022-04-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

Carbon isotope ratios are a primary source of information for understanding the global carbon cycle, which has a role in the generation of greenhouse gases; the movement of carbon from Earth's surface back into its interior; and the escape to Earth's surface of primordial carbon that has been trapped deep in the planet since it formed 4.5 billion years ago. These isotope ratios, however, are impacted by a variety of geologic processes, such as the degassing of magma during volcanic eruptions. This causes fractionation that changes the original ratio of the isotopes, making them difficult to interpret fully. Without some means of recognizing these changes, it is not possible to fully understand the cycle of carbon on Earth and the story it tells. One way to overcome the carbon isotope fractionation problem and get a handle on the amount and composition of carbon in the deep Earth is to look at the isotopes of noble gases that are erupted along with carbon dioxide (CO2) that comes out of volcanoes. Although we know a lot about carbon in shallow Earth reservoirs, its concentration, isotopic composition, and behavior in the deep mantle is not well understood. This research uses the content and isotopic composition of two noble gases: Helium (He) and Argon (Ar) from volcanic rocks at two locations in the Pacific (Hawaii and the Lau Spreading Center in the western Pacific), to unravel the story of carbon in the deep mantle and improve our knowledge of the carbon cycle, carbon fluxes, and carbon sources emanating from the Earth. Broader impacts of the research include laboratory and research training of a graduate student whose gender is underrepresented in the sciences; the training of undergraduates at an institution in Oklahoma, an institution in an EPSCoR (Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research) state; support of an NSF-funded state-of-the-art noble gas analytical facility in the state of Oregon; and incorporation of research results into courses. This research utilizes coupled measurements of He, Ar and CO2 abundances in both the vesicles and glasses of submarine basalts erupted at two different locations in the Pacific Ocean. One is Loihi seamount off the island of Hawaii and the other is the Lau Spreading Center, both of which have been influenced by the presence of mantle plumes that tap deep mantle regions. Measurements will include the concentration and isotopic positions of CO2, He, Ar, and H2O trapped in volcanic glasses and vessicles. Release of the gases takes place in a state-of-the-art noble gas laboratory at Oregon State University. Gases in vesicles in the lavas will be released via crushing the lava in a vacuum. He and Ar concentrations and isotopic compositions in the glass will be released via step heating/fusion. Dissolved CO2 and H2O in the glasses will be determined by FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy). These data will be used to deconvolute changes in the carbon isotopic composition resulting from magma degassing so the primordial and recycled components of the carbon in the samples can be determined. Key research questions being addressed include: (1) What are the values of CO2/3He and the carbon isotopic ratio in the source region of mantle plumes; (2) is primordial carbon preserved in the deep source of mantle plumes; and (3) what is the CO2 flux at mantle plume localities. Results of the work will be integrated into geodynamic models addressing the cycling of carbon and noble gases between Earth's surface and deep reservoirs.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
碳同位素比率是了解全球碳循环的主要信息来源,全球碳循环在温室气体的产生中发挥着作用;碳从地球表面运动回到其内部;自 45 亿年前地球形成以来,原始碳就一直被困在地球深处,逃逸到地球表面。然而,这些同位素比率受到各种地质过程的影响,例如火山喷发期间岩浆脱气。这会导致分馏,改变同位素的原始比例,使它们难以完全解释。 如果没有某种方法来识别这些变化,就不可能完全理解地球上的碳循环及其所讲述的故事。克服碳同位素分馏问题并掌握地球深处碳的数量和成分的一种方法是观察与火山喷发的二氧化碳 (CO2) 一起喷发的稀有气体的同位素。尽管我们对地球浅层储层中的碳了解很多,但其在地幔深处的浓度、同位素组成和行为尚不清楚。这项研究利用太平洋两个地点(夏威夷和西太平洋的刘扩散中心)火山岩中两种惰性气体:氦 (He) 和氩 (Ar) 的含量和同位素组成来揭开碳的故事深入地幔并提高我们对碳循环、碳通量和来自地球的碳源的了解。该研究的更广泛影响包括对性别在科学领域代表性不足的研究生进行实验室和研究培训;俄克拉荷马州一所机构的本科生培训,该机构属于 EPSCoR(刺激竞争性研究的实验计划)州;支持俄勒冈州国家科学基金会资助的最先进的惰性气体分析设施;并将研究成果纳入课程。这项研究利用太平洋两个不同地点喷发的海底玄武岩的囊泡和玻璃中 He、Ar 和 CO2 丰度的耦合测量。一个是夏威夷岛附近的洛伊希海山,另一个是劳扩散中心,这两个中心都受到了深入地幔区域的地幔柱的影响。测量将包括火山玻璃和囊泡中捕获的 CO2、He、Ar 和 H2O 的浓度和同位素位置。气体的释放是在俄勒冈州立大学最先进的惰性气体实验室中进行的。 熔岩囊泡中的气体将通过在真空中压碎熔岩而释放出来。玻璃中的 He 和 Ar 浓度以及同位素组成将通过逐步加热/熔化释放。 玻璃中溶解的CO2和H2O将通过FTIR(傅立叶变换红外光谱)测定。 这些数据将用于对岩浆脱气引起的碳同位素组成的变化进行解卷积,从而可以确定样品中碳的原始和回收成分。正在解决的关键研究问题包括:(1)地幔柱源区的CO2/3He值和碳同位素比值是多少? (2) 是保存在地幔柱深部的原始碳; (3) 地幔柱位置的二氧化碳通量是多少。这项工作的结果将被整合到地球动力学模型中,解决地球表面和深层储层之间碳和稀有气体的循环问题。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命,并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估,被认为值得支持。

项目成果

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Peter Michael其他文献

Peter Michael的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Peter Michael', 18)}}的其他基金

Collaborative Research: Examining Upper Mantle Volatile History Through Isotopic Variations of Carbon, Nitrogen, Hydrogen and Noble Gases in Undegassed Mid-Ocean Ridge Basalts
合作研究:通过未脱气的大洋中脊玄武岩中碳、氮、氢和稀有气体的同位素变化检查上地幔挥发历史
  • 批准号:
    1558802
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 7万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Mantle Volatiles in an Emerging Ocean Basin: H2O, CO2, and He & Ar Isotopes in Basalts from the Gulf of Aden Spreading Center System
合作研究:新兴洋盆中的地幔挥发物:H2O、CO2 和 He
  • 批准号:
    1259916
  • 财政年份:
    2013
  • 资助金额:
    $ 7万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Studying Eruptions and Lava Flows on Ontong Java Plateau with High-Precision Glass Chemistry
利用高精度玻璃化学研究翁通爪哇高原的喷发和熔岩流
  • 批准号:
    1132038
  • 财政年份:
    2011
  • 资助金额:
    $ 7万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Geochemical investigations of newly discovered back-arc spreading centers in the northeastern Lau Basin
合作研究:劳盆地东北部新发现的弧后扩张中心的地球化学调查
  • 批准号:
    0752256
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 7万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Origin of Crust and the Temporal and Spatial Scales of Mantle Melting at the Endeavour Segment, Juan de Fuca Ridge
合作研究:胡安德富卡海岭奋进段的地壳起源和地幔融化的时空尺度
  • 批准号:
    0623156
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助金额:
    $ 7万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Mantle Heterogeneity and Melting and Magma Transport Beneath the Ultraslow-Spreading Gakkel Ridge: Evidence from Volatiles and Trace Elements
超慢速扩张的加克尔海脊下方的地幔异质性、熔融和岩浆输送:来自挥发物和微量元素的证据
  • 批准号:
    0425892
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助金额:
    $ 7万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Integrated Hydrothermal and Petrological Studies of the Eastern Lau Spreading Center
合作研究:东刘扩散中心的综合热液和岩石学研究
  • 批准号:
    0242902
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助金额:
    $ 7万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Chemical Geodynamics of the Galapagos Mantle Plume-Spreading Center System
合作研究:加拉帕戈斯地幔柱扩散中心系统的化学地球动力学
  • 批准号:
    0241478
  • 财政年份:
    2003
  • 资助金额:
    $ 7万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Development of Seafloor Sampling and Hydrothermal Detection Tools for Use in Ice-Covered Seas
开发用于冰层海洋的海底采样和热液探测工具
  • 批准号:
    0107767
  • 财政年份:
    2001
  • 资助金额:
    $ 7万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Mantle Melting and Crustal Genesis at the Slowest Spreading Rate: A Petrological investigation of Gakkel Ridge, Arctic Ocean
合作研究:最慢扩散速度下的地幔融化和地壳成因:北冰洋加克尔海脊的岩石学调查
  • 批准号:
    9911795
  • 财政年份:
    2000
  • 资助金额:
    $ 7万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant

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合作研究:了解百慕大附近碳输出和通量衰减的环境和生态控制
  • 批准号:
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  • 财政年份:
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  • 批准号:
    2335762
  • 财政年份:
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