EAGER: Collaborative Research: Spatially Continuous Modeling of Power System Oscillations with Renewable Energy Penetration

EAGER：协作研究：可再生能源渗透电力系统振荡的空间连续建模

基本信息

批准号：
1745547
负责人：
Anuradha Annaswamy
金额：
$ 12.5万
依托单位：
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-09-01 至 2019-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1745547&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
EAGER Collaborative Research Spatially Continuous

项目摘要

This project will contribute to modeling and analysis of electric power grid dynamics, developing a methodology that is expected to provide insights into power system dynamics. There is a need for new and powerful analytical tools for predicting the nature of oscillations and dynamics in the power grid. This is especially true given the increasing presence of renewable energy resources (such as wind and solar-based power generating units) whose energy output varies unpredictably. Traditional modeling of power system dynamics is based on discrete component models, but with the rise of renewable energy sources, it has been observed that for large networks, more accurate continuous component models provide better prediction of system oscillations. For example, it becomes useful in these circumstances to use continuous transmission line models, rather than simple buk circuit representations. These continuous models involve partial differential equations (PDEs) instead of the ordinary differential equations (ODEs) that are traditionally used in power grid models. Unfortunately, currently there is little theoretical insight on how these PDE models can be defined over network topologies other than in the case of strings, or how the oscillations arising from the wave equations of these PDE models can be controlled by boundary power system stabilizers (PSS) or flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS), or how these models might change with more wind and solar generation coming in at different points in the system. Therefore, in this project a PDE-based approach for modeling the power grid is proposed, and forms the focus of this proposal. The proposal aims to develop a solid theoretical foundation, which addresses mathematically challenging questions on power system dynamics, stability and control that can be viewed from a completely new and fresh perspective of spatially continuous modeling and model-based control.The problem of swing dynamics becomes even more important as renewable penetration increases. For example, the US grid is going through a tremendous amount of transmission expansion to connect renewable generation sites more closely to remote load centers. Thus, electrical quantities at buses that were weakly connected before are now becoming much more strongly coupled.The thesis in this project, in contrast, is that when the number of generators is relatively large the fundamental mechanism that produces the phase and frequency oscillations is a continuous one. As a result, accurate and physically oriented methods for mitigating and suppressing these oscillations are better realized through the use of partial differential equations (PDEs). The goals of the project consist of developing a PDE-based approach for modeling the power grid, and more importantly a PDE control methodology that is model-based. These goals have not been explored in much depth in the literature. The few PDE-based modeling methods reported in the literature date back thirty years. No PDE-based control methods have been proposed in the past for the power grid. As such, this project represents a potentially transformative research idea that can be viewed as high-risk, high-payoff. The project goals, when successful, can therefore transform the way in which wide area oscillations are controlled.

该项目将有助于对电网动态进行建模和分析，开发一种有望提供对电力系统动态的见解的方法。需要新的、强大的分析工具来预测电网振荡和动态的性质。鉴于可再生能源（例如风能和太阳能发电机组）的日益增多，其能源输出变化不可预测，这一点尤其如此。传统的电力系统动力学建模基于离散组件模型，但随着可再生能源的兴起，人们发现，对于大型网络，更准确的连续组件模型可以更好地预测系统振荡。例如，在这些情况下使用连续传输线模型而不是简单的 buk 电路表示变得有用。这些连续模型涉及偏微分方程 (PDE)，而不是传统上在电网模型中使用的常微分方程 (ODE)。不幸的是，目前对于如何在网络拓扑上定义这些偏微分方程模型（弦的情况除外），或者如何通过边界电力系统稳定器（PSS）控制这些偏微分方程模型的波动方程产生的振荡，目前还没有什么理论见解。）或灵活的交流输电系统（FACTS），或者这些模型如何随着系统中不同点的更多风能和太阳能发电而变化。因此，在该项目中，提出了一种基于偏微分方程的电网建模方法，并构成了该提案的重点。该提案旨在建立坚实的理论基础，解决电力系统动力学、稳定性和控制方面的数学挑战性问题，这些问题可以从空间连续建模和基于模型的控制的全新角度来看待。摆动动力学问题变成随着可再生能源渗透率的提高，这一点变得更加重要。例如，美国电网正在进行大规模的输电扩建，以将可再生能源发电站与远程负荷中心更紧密地连接起来。因此，以前弱连接的总线上的电量现在变得更加强耦合。相反，本项目的论文是，当发电机数量相对较大时，产生相位和频率振荡的基本机制是连续一.因此，通过使用偏微分方程 (PDE) 可以更好地实现减轻和抑制这些振荡的精确且面向物理的方法。该项目的目标包括开发一种基于偏微分方程的电网建模方法，更重要的是开发一种基于模型的偏微分方程控制方法。文献中尚未对这些目标进行深入探讨。文献中报道的少数基于偏微分方程的建模方法可以追溯到三十年前。过去还没有提出基于偏微分方程的电网控制方法。因此，该项目代表了一种潜在的变革性研究理念，可以被视为高风险、高回报。因此，该项目目标一旦成功，就可以改变广域振荡的控制方式。