Collaborative Research: A Long Term Perspective on Agricultural Development

合作研究：农业发展的长期视角

• 批准号: 1757383
• 负责人: Amber VanDerwarker
• 金额: $ 3.88万
• 依托单位: University of California-Santa Barbara
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-07-01 至 2021-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1757383&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Long; Term; Perspective

Drs. Amber VanDerwarker, Douglas Kennett, and Heather Thakar will undertake research to study early plant domestication and the transition from foraging to food production over the last 12,000 years in Central America. Previous scholarship has focused almost exclusively on maize domestication because of its importance for the development of complex political institutions throughout Mesoamerica. This project expands this narrow focus on maize to include the broader forest and field agricultural regimes. Given that most of the world's population today is supported by agriculture, there is enormous value in reconstructing the breadth of ancient cropping practices along with the economic and societal resilience it affords. Ancient analogs that integrate field cultivation and arboriculture provide alternatives to modern mono-cropping in ways that can conserve soil fertility and promote cultigen diversity. Archaeology is well situated to inform modern farming practices through the documentation of ancient agricultural practices worldwide and the reconstruction of cropping strategies practiced through time in particular regional contexts. In regions such as Mesoamerica, which represents one of the few primary centers of plant domestication, the nature and timeline of the establishment and augmentation of agricultural and arboricultural systems is of great significance.Drs. VanDerwarker, Kennett, and Thakar will examine both the (1) adoption, spread, and intensification of field cultigens within an evolving regional food economy, and (2) the extent of forest management and change in tree cropping systems. The research team will accomplish these goals through the analysis of well-preserved plant remains from El Gigante Rockshelter in Honduras, which was occupied intermittently for 11,000 years. The research team is composed of archaeologists specializing in archaeobotany, archaeometry, and Mesoamerican prehistory, and will employ an integrated analysis of plant identification, metric analysis, and direct radiocarbon dating. This combined approach will allow the team to not only document the timing and use of new domesticates, but will also facilitate the reconstruction of field clearance and woodland management practices that shaped modern forest communities in this region. The team will thus generate new data and interpretations for long-term human-landscape adaptations while creating educational and training opportunities for students and local Honduran stakeholder communities.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

博士。 Amber Vanderwarker，Douglas Kennett和Heather Thakar将进行研究，以研究早期植物驯化以及在过去12，000年中从觅食到粮食生产的过渡。以前的奖学金几乎完全关注玉米驯化，因为它对整个中美洲的复杂政治机构的发展至关重要。该项目扩大了对玉米的狭窄关注，以包括较宽的森林和野外农业制度。鉴于当今世界上大多数人口得到农业的支持，因此重建古老的种植实践的广度以及它提供的经济和社会韧性具有巨大的价值。整合田间种植和树木培养的古老类似物为现代单撰写提供了替代方法，可以节省土壤生育能力并促进培养物的多样性。考古学非常适合通过在全球范围内的古代农业实践以及在特定区域环境中随时间实践的农作物策略的重建来为现代农业实践提供信息。在代表植物驯化的少数主要中心之一的中心等区域中，农业和植物文化系统的建立和增强的性质和时间表具有重要意义。范德瓦克（Vanderwarker），肯尼特（Kennett）和塔卡（Thakar）将同时研究（1）采用，传播和加强不断发展的地区粮食经济中的野外培养基，以及（2）森林管理和树木种植系统的变化程度。研究团队将通过分析洪都拉斯的El Gigante Rockshelter的保存良好的植物遗骸来实现这些目标，该遗迹间歇性地占领了11，000年。研究小组由专门研究考古学，考古学和中美洲史前的考古学家组成，并将对植物识别，度量分析和直接放射性碳年代进行综合分析。这种合并的方法将使团队不仅可以记录新的家乡的时间和使用，而且还将促进塑造该地区现代森林社区的现场清理和林地管理实践的重建。因此，该团队将为长期的人类景观改编生成新的数据和解释，同时为学生和当地的洪都拉斯利益相关者社区创造教育和培训机会。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的审查标准通过评估来通过评估来支持的。