Uniting demographic life history theory and pollination biology to understand the ecological consequences of pollinator declines

结合人口生活史理论和授粉生物学来了解传粉媒介减少的生态后果

• 批准号: 1754518
• 负责人: Amy Iler
• 金额: $ 46.05万
• 依托单位: Chicago Horticultural Society
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-05-01 至 2024-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1754518&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Uniting; demographic; life; history; theory

Around the world, pollinators are in decline. Given that almost 90% of flowering plants rely on animal pollination, there is concern that many plants will decline towards extinction alongside their pollinators. Pollination is important because it ensures that plants can make seeds, grow into new plants and keep the species going. Yet, there are many reasons to think that the link between declining numbers of plants and declining numbers of pollinators is not so simple. For example, although it makes sense that a plant would make fewer seeds when there are fewer pollinators around, fewer seeds do not necessarily mean fewer new plants if, for example, the new plants compete for places to live. Fewer seeds could actually result in less competition among new plants, allowing more of them to survive. Furthermore, plants may use other resources not devoted to making seeds to grow larger and survive longer, thus having more chances to reproduce within their lifetime. These examples illustrate how, despite making fewer seeds, enough new plants could be made to keep the species going. A bigger lesson is that ecology is complex; all sorts of hidden strategies are not apparent until you take a closer look. This project will follow the fates of thousands of plants that are exposed to different numbers of pollinators, thereby helping scientists to identify plant species most at risk from pollinator declines and to understand why others are or are not at risk. In addition to data collection, the scientists on this project will help train the next generation of ecologists and will engage the public through an educational film, a blog, and a permanent interactive exhibit. Individual-based population models (integral projection models) will be parameterized with data from a field experiment in which five species of perennial plants receive different pollination treatments: (i) increased pollination, (ii) reduced pollination, (iii) interannually variable pollination, and (iv) an unmanipulated control. All plants will be tagged with a unique identification number and their demographic status assessed annually. Additional germination experiments will be used to parameterize the effect of pollination on recruitment through density-dependent germination and seedling survival. Projections of the population models will show the consequences of pollination for plant population dynamics. Finally, life table response experiments will elucidate specific life history mechanisms by which pollination does or does not affect plant population growth rates (e.g., via trade-offs between growth and reproduction). This project will provide the empirical evidence necessary to bridge conceptual gaps among pollination biology, life history theory, and population dynamics, as well as providing a framework for understanding and predicting the ecological consequences of pollinator declines.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在世界各地，传粉媒介正在减少。鉴于近 90% 的开花植物依赖动物授粉，人们担心许多植物将与其传粉媒介一起走向灭绝。授粉很重要，因为它确保植物能够产生种子、长成新植物并维持物种的生存。然而，有很多理由认为植物数量下降和传粉媒介数量下降之间的联系并不那么简单。例如，虽然当周围授粉昆虫较少时，植物产生的种子会减少，这是有道理的，但如果新植物争夺生存地，较少的种子并不一定意味着新植物也会减少。更少的种子实际上可以减少新植物之间的竞争，从而使更多的植物能够生存。此外，植物可能会利用其他不专门用于使种子长得更大、存活时间更长的资源，从而在其一生中有更多的繁殖机会。这些例子说明，尽管制造的种子较少，但仍可以制造出足够的新植物来维持该物种的生存。更大的教训是生态是复杂的；各种隐藏的策略只有仔细观察才能显现出来。该项目将跟踪暴露于不同数量传粉媒介的数千种植物的命运，从而帮助科学家识别受传粉媒介减少风险最大的植物物种，并了解为什么其他植物面临或没有面临风险。除了数据收集之外，该项目的科学家还将帮助培训下一代生态学家，并通过教育电影、博客和永久互动展览吸引公众。 基于个体的种群模型（整体预测模型）将使用田间实验的数据进行参数化，其中五种多年生植物接受不同的授粉处理：（i）增加授粉，（ii）减少授粉，（iii）年际可变授粉， (iv) 不受操纵的控制。所有植物都将贴上唯一的识别号，并每年对其人口状况进行评估。额外的发芽实验将用于通过密度依赖性发芽和幼苗存活来参数化授粉对补充的影响。种群模型的预测将显示授粉对植物种群动态的影响。最后，生命表响应实验将阐明授粉影响或不影响植物种群增长率的特定生命史机制（例如，通过生长和繁殖之间的权衡）。该项目将提供必要的经验证据，以弥合授粉生物学、生活史理论和种群动态之间的概念差距，并为理解和预测传粉媒介减少的生态后果提供一个框架。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并已被通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，认为值得支持。

项目成果

The shifting importance of abiotic and biotic factors across the life cycles of wild pollinators

非生物和生物因素在野生传粉媒介生命周期中的重要性不断变化

• DOI: 10.1111/1365-2656.13825
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of Animal Ecology
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Ogilvie, Jane E.;CaraDonna, Paul J.
• 通讯作者: CaraDonna, Paul J.