CAREER: Structure and resilience of social networks under population turnover

职业：人口流动下社交网络的结构和弹性

基本信息

批准号：
1750606
负责人：
Daizaburo Shizuka
金额：
$ 68.19万
依托单位：
University of Nebraska-Lincoln
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2018-04-15 至 2024-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1750606&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
CAREER Structure resilience social networks

项目摘要

Animals live within social networks of individuals that affect each other's lives. However, social networks must change across time; for example, all social networks eventually lose individuals through death or dispersal, and new individuals join social networks through birth and immigration. Thus, the simple and universal processes of birth, death and movement fundamentally shape the structure of social networks at any given time. A major goal of this project is to understand how demography and social behavior interact to affect the development and stability of social networks across time. The project will integrate theoretical models with long-term field research focusing on the social network of flock associations in a wintering migrant bird species, the golden-crowned sparrow. Seasonal social networks in migratory birds allows for the repeated study of the process of network formation with a mix of old and new individuals present in the population each year. As a whole, this project will pose new questions that can shed light on the processes that govern how societies take shape, and the resilience of social structure in the face of constant change, in animal populations and even in human societies. The project will integrate research goals with two different types of educational activities: development of teaching curricula on reproducible research and the recruitment of students of immigrant/refugee background to higher education and science. This project proposes a general framework for understanding the temporal dynamics of social networks under population turnover. The model breaks the process into three steps: node loss, node attachment and social integration. Node loss and node attachment dynamics describe the effects of demography, while social integration captures the processes underlying the formation of new flock associations. This model will enable the study of the joint effects of demography, social processes, and fitness consequences of social position on social network structure. The field-based empirical work will explore natural long-term dynamics in social networks spanning multiple generations of a single avian species. Field experiments will be conducted to test the effects of social position on behaviors such as finding novel food sources, as well as, the effects of social relations on dominance interactions. The educational objectives of this project will make significant contributions towards improving education and enhancing diversity in STEM. This project will enhance the capacity for reproducible research among hundreds of undergraduate and graduate students through development of new curricula. The project will also work to increase recruitment of a significantly overlooked, under-served community, i.e., refugee and immigrant populations in the Midwest. Refugees are hidden sources of diversity in Nebraska and enhancing opportunities for these students will strengthen the U.S. workforce.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

动物生活在影响彼此生活的个体社交网络中。然而，社交网络必须随着时间的推移而改变；例如，所有社交网络最终都会因死亡或分散而失去个体，而新个体则通过出生和移民加入社交网络。因此，出生、死亡和运动的简单而普遍的过程从根本上塑造了任何特定时间的社交网络的结构。该项目的一个主要目标是了解人口统计和社会行为如何相互作用，从而影响社交网络随时间的发展和稳定性。该项目将理论模型与长期实地研究相结合，重点关注越冬候鸟金冠麻雀的群体协会社交网络。候鸟的季节性社交网络允许对每年种群中新老个体的网络形成过程进行重复研究。总体而言，该项目将提出新的问题，揭示社会形成的过程，以及动物种群甚至人类社会面对不断变化时社会结构的弹性。该项目将把研究目标与两种不同类型的教育活动结合起来：开发可重复研究的教学课程以及招收具有移民/难民背景的学生接受高等教育和科学。该项目提出了一个总体框架，用于理解人口流动下社交网络的时间动态。该模型将这个过程分为三个步骤：节点丢失、节点附着和社会融合。节点丢失和节点依附动态描述了人口统计学的影响，而社会融合则捕捉了新群体协会形成的过程。该模型将能够研究人口统计、社会过程和社会地位的适应性后果对社会网络结构的联合影响。基于实地的实证工作将探索跨越单个鸟类物种多代的社交网络中的自然长期动态。将进行实地实验来测试社会地位对寻找新食物来源等行为的影响，以及社会关系对优势互动的影响。该项目的教育目标将为改善教育和增强 STEM 的多样性做出重大贡献。该项目将通过开发新课程来提高数百名本科生和研究生的可重复研究能力。该项目还将致力于增加对一个被严重忽视、服务不足的社区的招募，即中西部的难民和移民人口。难民是内布拉斯加州隐藏的多样性来源，增加这些学生的机会将增强美国的劳动力队伍。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。