Collaborative Research: Unlocking the evolutionary history of Schiedea (carnation family, Caryophyllaceae): rapid radiation of an endemic plant genus in the Hawaiian Islands

合作研究：解开石竹科（石竹科）石竹的进化史：夏威夷群岛特有植物属的快速辐射

• 批准号: 1750373
• 负责人: Michael Moore
• 金额: $ 25.65万
• 依托单位: Oberlin College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-08-15 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1750373&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Unlocking; evolutionary; history

---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Plants exhibit a diverse array of breeding strategies, but the genetic changes and environmental conditions that lead to this diversity are poorly known. Pinpointing these genetic mutations and understanding the environmental conditions that favor changes in breeding system are of great interest to both evolutionary biologists and plant breeders. The plant genus Schiedea (carnation family, Caryophyllaceae) is only found on the Hawaiian Islands and is a model to better understand the evolution of breeding strategies in plants. Among the 32 species of Schiedea, some only breed with other individuals of the same species, others only self-fertilize, and others still are transitional between the two. Additionally, different outbreeding species of Schiedea use different pollinators, including a recently discovered moth found only in Hawaii. This project will apply cutting-edge DNA sequencing and analysis methods to reconstruct the genealogy of Scheidea and investigate the evolution of plant breeding strategies within the group. Data from this project will provide new insights into the evolution of plant breeding strategies that could be applied to crop species in the carnation family, including amaranth, rhubarb, quinoa and spinach. The project incorporates extensive opportunities for education and training at multiple levels, including high school teachers, undergraduate and graduate students, and a postdoctoral researcher. The project will produce educational videos about Hawaiian plants for posting on the internet to inform the public. Researchers will also offer public seminars about Schiedea highlighting their research findings about the group.The primary aim of this project is to reconstruct the pattern of breeding system evolution in Schiedea (Caryophyllaceae) through an integrated program of field, laboratory, and genomic studies. Nuclear genome sequencing, targeted sequence capture, and Genotyping By Sequencing (GBS) methods will be used to reconstruct a highly resolved phylogenetic tree of Schiedea, identify sources of phylogenetic conflict, and investigate patterns of introgression among taxa. The phylogenetic hypotheses developed will be used to interpret the evolution of breeding systems including transitions from hermaphroditism to dioecy, shifts from biotic to abiotic pollination, and traits associated with pollination biology (including scent and nectar production). Field studies and densely distributed Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms (SNP) markers generated by GBS will be used to test hypotheses concerning the influence of reproductive systems on gene flow, hybridization, and population genetic structure. Data obtained during this project will be applied directly to land management in Hawaii, including the establishment of wild populations of different Schiedea species.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------植物表现出各种各样的繁殖策略，但是导致这种多样性的遗传变化和环境条件是鲜为人知的。指出这些遗传突变并了解有利于繁殖系统变化的环境条件对进化生物学家和植物育种者都引起了人们的极大兴趣。仅在夏威夷群岛上发现了植物属Schiedea（康乃馨家族，毛藻科），是一种更好地了解植物中繁殖策略的演变的模型。在32种Schiedea中，有些仅与同一物种的其他个体一起繁殖，而另一些则只能自我征收，而另一些则在两者之间仍然是过渡的。此外，不同的schiedea物种使用不同的授粉媒介，包括最近发现的蛾仅在夏威夷发现。该项目将采用尖端的DNA测序和分析方法来重建Scheidea的家谱，并研究该组中植物育种策略的演变。该项目的数据将提供有关植物育种策略演变的新见解，这些策略可以应用于康乃馨家族中的农作物物种，包括Amaranth，Rhurbarb，Rhubarb，Quinoa和菠菜。该项目融合了多个级别的教育和培训机会，包括高中教师，本科生和研究生以及博士后研究员。该项目将制作有关夏威夷植物的教育视频，用于在互联网上发布以告知公众。研究人员还将为Schiedea提供有关该小组的研究发现的公开研讨会。该项目的主要目的是通过综合的现场，实验室和基因组研究来重建Schiedea（Caryophyllaceae）繁殖系统进化的模式。核基因组测序，靶向序列捕获和通过测序（GBS）方法的基因分型将用于重建高度分辨的Schiedea的系统发育树，确定系统发育冲突的来源，并研究分类群中渗入的模式。制定的系统发育假设将用于解释繁殖系统的演变，包括从雌雄同体转变为二元，从生物授粉到非生物授粉以及与授粉生物学相关的特征（包括气味和花蜜产生）。 GBS产生的现场研究和密集分布的单核苷酸多态性（SNP）标记将用于检验有关生殖系统对基因流，杂交和种群遗传结构的影响的假设。该项目期间获得的数据将直接应用于夏威夷的土地管理，包括建立不同SCHIEDEA物种的野生人群。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子和更广泛影响的评估评估标准来通过评估来支持的。