EAGER: Collaborative Research: Spatially Continuous Modeling of Power System Oscillations with Renewable Energy Penetration

EAGER：协作研究：可再生能源渗透电力系统振荡的空间连续建模

基本信息

批准号：
1745547
负责人：
Anuradha Annaswamy
金额：
$ 12.5万
依托单位：
Massachusetts Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-09-01 至 2019-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1745547&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
EAGER Collaborative Research Spatially Continuous

项目摘要

This project will contribute to modeling and analysis of electric power grid dynamics, developing a methodology that is expected to provide insights into power system dynamics. There is a need for new and powerful analytical tools for predicting the nature of oscillations and dynamics in the power grid. This is especially true given the increasing presence of renewable energy resources (such as wind and solar-based power generating units) whose energy output varies unpredictably. Traditional modeling of power system dynamics is based on discrete component models, but with the rise of renewable energy sources, it has been observed that for large networks, more accurate continuous component models provide better prediction of system oscillations. For example, it becomes useful in these circumstances to use continuous transmission line models, rather than simple buk circuit representations. These continuous models involve partial differential equations (PDEs) instead of the ordinary differential equations (ODEs) that are traditionally used in power grid models. Unfortunately, currently there is little theoretical insight on how these PDE models can be defined over network topologies other than in the case of strings, or how the oscillations arising from the wave equations of these PDE models can be controlled by boundary power system stabilizers (PSS) or flexible AC transmission systems (FACTS), or how these models might change with more wind and solar generation coming in at different points in the system. Therefore, in this project a PDE-based approach for modeling the power grid is proposed, and forms the focus of this proposal. The proposal aims to develop a solid theoretical foundation, which addresses mathematically challenging questions on power system dynamics, stability and control that can be viewed from a completely new and fresh perspective of spatially continuous modeling and model-based control.The problem of swing dynamics becomes even more important as renewable penetration increases. For example, the US grid is going through a tremendous amount of transmission expansion to connect renewable generation sites more closely to remote load centers. Thus, electrical quantities at buses that were weakly connected before are now becoming much more strongly coupled.The thesis in this project, in contrast, is that when the number of generators is relatively large the fundamental mechanism that produces the phase and frequency oscillations is a continuous one. As a result, accurate and physically oriented methods for mitigating and suppressing these oscillations are better realized through the use of partial differential equations (PDEs). The goals of the project consist of developing a PDE-based approach for modeling the power grid, and more importantly a PDE control methodology that is model-based. These goals have not been explored in much depth in the literature. The few PDE-based modeling methods reported in the literature date back thirty years. No PDE-based control methods have been proposed in the past for the power grid. As such, this project represents a potentially transformative research idea that can be viewed as high-risk, high-payoff. The project goals, when successful, can therefore transform the way in which wide area oscillations are controlled.

该项目将有助于对电力电网动力学的建模和分析，开发一种有望提供对电力系统动态的见解的方法。需要新的强大的分析工具来预测电网中振荡和动态的性质。鉴于能源输出不可预测的变化不断变化，因此越来越多的可再生能源资源（例如风能和太阳能发电单元）的存在越来越多。电力系统动力学的传统建模基于离散的组件模型，但是随着可再生能源的增加，已经观察到，对于大型网络，更准确的连续组件模型可以更好地预测系统振荡。例如，在这种情况下，使用连续的传输线模型而不是简单的BUK电路表示，它变得有用。这些连续模型涉及偏微分方程（PDE），而不是传统上用于电网模型中的普通微分方程（ODE）。不幸的是，目前几乎没有理论上的洞察力对这些PDE模型如何在网络拓扑上定义，而不是字符串，或者如何通过这些PDE模型的波方程来控制的振荡如何通过边界电源稳定器（PSS）或灵活的交流传输系统（事实）（事实）（事实）或这些模型会随着风和索尔尔的不同而变化，而在不同的是，则可以通过边界动力系统稳定器（PSS）来控制这些PDE模型。因此，在该项目中，提出了一种基于PDE的基于PDE的方法，以建模电网，并构成了该提案的重点。该提案旨在建立一个扎实的理论基础，该基础旨在解决有关电力系统动态，稳定性和控制的数学上挑战性的问题，从空间连续建模和基于模型的控制的全新和新鲜的角度可以看出，随着可再生渗透率的增加，摇摆动态问题变得更加重要。例如，美国电网正在经历大量的传输扩展，以更紧密地将可再生生成站点与远程负载中心联系起来。因此，以前连接较弱的总线上的电量现在变得越来越强烈。结果，通过使用偏微分方程（PDE）更好地实现了缓解和抑制这些振荡的准确和物理导向的方法。该项目的目标包括开发一种基于PDE的方法来建模电网，更重要的是一种基于模型的PDE控制方法。在文献中，这些目标尚未得到深入探讨。文献中报道的基于PDE的几种建模方法可以追溯到三十年。过去没有针对电网提出过基于PDE的控制方法。因此，该项目代表了一种潜在的变革性研究思想，可以将其视为高风险，高额付款。因此，成功的项目目标可以改变控制广泛振荡的方式。