Skeletal Records of Coral Reef Beaching in the Central Equatorial Pacific

赤道中部太平洋珊瑚礁搁浅的骨骼记录

基本信息

批准号：
1737311
负责人：
Anne Cohen
金额：
$ 42.75万
依托单位：
Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-08-15 至 2020-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1737311&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Skeletal Records Coral Reef Beaching

项目摘要

Ocean warming kills corals and efforts are underway to identify and protect coral reefs that may withstand the projected 21st century rise in tropical ocean temperatures. Coral reefs in the central equatorial Pacific (CEP) have been exposed to episodes of extreme warmth every 3-7 years for centuries, if not millennia, yet remain highly productive ecosystems. Initial data obtained by the investigator from stress signatures archived in the skeletons of long lived coral species, suggests that CEP reefs lose their symbiotic algae or bleach, sometimes severely, during warm episodes. The observation that CEP reefs bleach repetitively yet remain productive implies uncommon resilience to ocean warming. The investigator will use laboratory experiments and field observations to validate skeletal records of historical bleaching. A successful outcome will provide novel and valuable insights into the resilience of the CEP reefs and a new tool with which to identify thermally tolerant coral reef ecosystems across the tropics. Additionally, this project includes mentorship of a postdoc and six undergraduate or high school students, outreach through presentations and media, and expansion of publically available software for coral stress band analysis.Ocean warming projections indicate severe impacts to coral reefs will occur on an annual basis within the next few decades. Consequently, a coordinated effort is underway to identify reefs that might survive these changes. The investigator will test the hypothesis that such reefs exist at the epicenter of influence of the El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO), where strong inter-annual temperature variability creates conditions conducive for the development of thermal resilience. The project uses laboratory-based bleaching experiments and actual stress signatures accreted by wild corals during the 2015 El Niño to validate signatures of historical bleaching archived in the skeletons of massive reef building corals. In addition the investigator will use new, long cores from the CEP to build a robust dataset of historical bleaching back to the 1800's. A successful outcome will increase confidence in the interpretation of skeletal stress bands as quantitative bleaching proxies and enable the reconstruction of the history of coral reef bleaching and recovery in the CEP.

海洋变暖杀死珊瑚和努力，以识别和保护可能承受预计21世纪热带海洋温度的珊瑚礁。中央等效性太平洋（CEP）中的珊瑚礁已经暴露于几个世纪以来每3-7年（即使不是千年）的极端温暖发作，但仍然有生产力的生态系统。研究人员从长期生命的珊瑚种类骨骼中存档的应力特征获得的最初数据表明，CEP珊瑚礁在温暖的发作中失去了其共生性藻类或漂白剂，有时会严重。 CEP礁重复漂白但仍然有效的观察结果意味着对海洋变暖的弹性很少。研究人员将使用实验室实验和现场观测来验证历史漂白的骨骼记录。成功的结果将为CEP珊瑚礁的弹性提供新颖而有价值的见解，并提供一种新工具，以识别热带地区的热耐受性珊瑚礁生态系统。此外，该项目还包括博士后和六名本科生或高中生的指导，通过演讲和媒体进行宣传，以及扩展公开可用的软件用于珊瑚应力乐队分析。Coecean变暖项目表明，在未来几十年内，将每年对珊瑚礁产生严重影响。因此，正在进行协调的努力，以确定可能在这些变化中幸存下来的珊瑚礁。研究者将检验以下假设：这种礁石存在于厄尔尼诺 - 南方振荡（ENSO）的影响中的中心，其中强烈的年度际温度变化可为发展热弹性的发展带来条件。该项目使用基于实验室的漂白实验和野生珊瑚在2015年厄尔尼诺现象接受的实际压力特征来验证在大型珊瑚礁建筑珊瑚骨骼中存档的历史漂白的签名。此外，调查员将使用CEP的新的较长核心来建立一个强大的历史漂白数据集，以追溯到1800年代。成功的结果将增加对将骨骼应力带解释为定量漂白代理的信心，并能够重建CEP中珊瑚礁漂白和恢复的历史。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（4）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Skeletal records of bleaching reveal different thermal thresholds of Pacific coral reef assemblages

白化的骨骼记录揭示了太平洋珊瑚礁组合的不同热阈值

DOI：
10.1007/s00338-019-01803-x
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
Coral Reefs
影响因子：
3.5
作者：
Mollica, Nathaniel R.;Cohen, Anne L.;Alpert, Alice E.;Barkley, Hannah C.;Brainard, Russell E.;Carilli, Jessica E.;DeCarlo, Thomas M.;Drenkard, Elizabeth J.;Lohmann, Pat;Mangubhai, Sangeeta
通讯作者：
Mangubhai, Sangeeta

Repeat bleaching of a central Pacific coral reef overthe past six decades (1960–2016)

过去六十年（1960 年至 2016 年）太平洋中部珊瑚礁反复白化