Enrichments of Trans-Iron Elements in Planetary Nebulae: Probing Stellar Evolution and Nucleosynthesis

行星状星云中反式铁元素的富集：探索恒星演化和核合成

基本信息

批准号：
1715332
负责人：
Harriet Dinerstein
金额：
$ 28.04万
依托单位：
University of Texas at Austin
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-08-01 至 2023-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1715332&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Enrichments Trans Iron Elements Planetary

项目摘要

The atoms in our bodies, apart from hydrogen, were produced by nuclear reactions deep within stars that lived and died before our Solar System was born. The investigators will study the production of these chemical elements by stars like our Sun. When our Sun reaches an age of about 10 billion years, it will expand to become a red giant star. Such red giant stars later throw off material and form expanding, glowing clouds called planetary nebulae. Astronomers observe the light coming from these nebulae to study their chemical properties. The new, star-made elements flow into space and spread throughout our Milky Way Galaxy.This project lies at the crossroads of several scientific disciplines and motivates students over a range of educational levels to enter STEM fields, which addresses an important national need. The question "Where did the elements come from?" has broad appeal. The project will support a graduate student at the University of Texas (UT) and undergraduates at both UT and the University of West Georgia, which have substantial populations of underrepresented minorities (Hispanic and African-American respectively). Through teacher workshops the investigators will reach large numbers of high school students. Pure astronomical research has strong connections to other areas of physics. For example, some of the investigators' newly detected emission lines (e.g., rubidium, cadmium, and tellurium) were found at different energies than predicted, improving our understanding of atoms found on the Earth. The investigators' primary research method is near infrared and optical spectroscopy at high spectral resolution (R 40,000) to optimize detection of weak emission lines and avoid blends with other elements. They use standard procedures of nebular abundance analysis to derive ionic and elemental abundances from line flux measurements but incorporate new atomic models. The goals are to distinguish which evolutionary models are most realistic and to empirically establish the contributions of 1-8 solar mass stars to Galactic chemical evolution. The chemical yield of this numerous class of stars is a key ingredient for galactic archeology and inferring the star-forming history of the Milky Way Galaxy.

我们体内的原子，除了氢之外，都是由恒星深处的核反应产生的，这些恒星在太阳系诞生之前就存在和死亡。研究人员将研究太阳等恒星产生这些化学元素的过程。当我们的太阳达到大约100亿年的年龄时，它将膨胀成为一颗红巨星。这些红巨星随后会抛出物质并形成不断膨胀的发光云，称为行星状星云。天文学家观察这些星云发出的光来研究它们的化学性质。新的恒星制造元素流入太空并散布到整个银河系。该项目位于多个科学学科的十字路口，激励不同教育水平的学生进入 STEM 领域，这满足了国家的重要需求。问题“元素从哪里来？”具有广泛的吸引力。该项目将为德克萨斯大学（UT）的一名研究生以及德克萨斯大学和西乔治亚大学的本科生提供支持，这些大学有大量代表性不足的少数族裔（分别是西班牙裔和非裔美国人）。通过教师研讨会，调查人员将接触大量高中生。纯粹的天文学研究与物理学的其他领域有着密切的联系。例如，研究人员新检测到的一些发射线（例如铷、镉和碲）的能量与预测不同，这提高了我们对地球上发现的原子的理解。研究人员的主要研究方法是高光谱分辨率（R 40,000）的近红外和光谱学，以优化弱发射线的检测并避免与其他元素混合。他们使用星云丰度分析的标准程序从线通量测量中得出离子和元素丰度，但结合了新的原子模型。目标是区分哪些演化模型是最现实的，并凭经验确定 1-8 个太阳质量的恒星对银河系化学演化的贡献。这类众多恒星的化学产率是银河考古学和推断银河系恒星形成历史的关键因素。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（6）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Neutron-Capture Element Abundances in Planetary Nebulae

行星状星云中的中子捕获元素丰度

DOI：
10.3390/galaxies8020050
发表时间：
2020-06
期刊：
Galaxies
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Sterling; N. C.
通讯作者：
N. C.

Abundances in Galactic bulge planetary nebulae from optical, ultraviolet and infrared observations

通过光学、紫外线和红外线观测发现银河核球行星状星云的丰度

DOI：
10.1093/mnras/stx1720
发表时间：
2017-07
期刊：
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
影响因子：
4.8
作者：
Smith, Christina L.;Zijlstra, Albert A.;Gesicki, Krzysztof M.;Dinerstein, Harriet L.
通讯作者：
Dinerstein, Harriet L.

Neutron-capture Elements in Planetary Nebulae: First Detections of Near-infrared [Te iii] and [Br v] Emission Lines

行星状星云中的中子俘获元素：首次探测到近红外 [Te iii] 和 [Br v] 发射线

DOI：
10.3847/2041-8213/aaccef
发表时间：
2018-07
期刊：
The Astrophysical Journal
影响因子：
0
作者：
Madonna, Simone;Bautista, Manuel;Dinerstein, Harriet L.;Sterling, N. C.;García;Kaplan, Kyle F.;Rubio;Castro;Garzón, Francisco
通讯作者：
Garzón, Francisco

Abundances of Iron-Group Elements in Planetary Nebulae and Consequences for Chemical Enrichment

行星状星云中铁族元素的丰度及其化学富集的后果