Collaborative Research: Exploring Galaxy Evolution at High Resolution with Gravitational Lensing and ALMA

合作研究：利用引力透镜和 ALMA 探索高分辨率星系演化

• 批准号: 1715213
• 负责人: Daniel Marrone
• 金额: $ 26.52万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2022-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1715213&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Exploring; Galaxy; Evolution

This project studies the growth of massive galaxies in the first few billion years after the Big Bang. The target galaxies are magnified by "gravitational lensing," the bending of light around intervening galaxies, which allows them to be detected more easily and studied in greater detail than other galaxies at similar distance. The primary data come from the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA). With these and other data, the team will determine how these galaxies form stars so rapidly and shut down their formation so quickly, look for evidence of black hole growth in the galaxies, determine the number of such galaxies in the Universe to see how they affect the overall history of cosmic star formation, and test the modern cosmological paradigm by exploring their lensing in great detail. This award will support the teaching of astronomy through examples from this research to fifth grade classes in Illinois, hands-on radio astronomy technology experiences for high school students in Arizona, and training of undergraduate and graduate students in advanced techniques of radio astronomy and interferometry.The project will pursue several goals using gravitationally lensed galaxies discovered by the South Pole Telescope: (1) determine the triggering mechanisms for the most intense star formation events in the high redshift Universe, (2) study the regulation and termination of star formation by observing gas dynamics and outflows, (3) study the assembly of massive elliptical galaxies by determining stellar masses, star formation rates, and gas content in such galaxies at very high redshift, (4) explore the coevolution of black hole accretion and stellar mass assembly in these objects, (5) measure metal enrichment with far-infrared atomic lines, (6) determine the space density of these extreme starbursts and connect them to state of the art galaxy formation simulations, and (7) identify substructure in the halos lensing these galaxies to test the predictions of current cosmology models. These goals are largely achievable based on the data already promised in ALMA cycles 3 and 4 using the advanced interferometric analysis tools that have been built up over the past several years. The team incorporates both observers and theorists to ensure that the lessons derived from these high-resolution views of the early Universe can be compared against and fed back into state-of-the-art galaxy formation simulations.

该项目研究大爆炸后最初数十亿年中大质量星系的增长。 目标星系被“引力透镜”放大，即干涉星系周围的光线弯曲，这使得它们比类似距离的其他星系更容易被探测到并进行更详细的研究。 主要数据来自阿塔卡马大型毫米/亚毫米阵列（ALMA）。 有了这些和其他数据，研究小组将确定这些星系如何如此迅速地形成恒星并如此迅速地停止它们的形成，寻找星系中黑洞生长的证据，确定宇宙中此类星系的数量，看看它们如何影响宇宙恒星形成的整体历史，并通过详细探索它们的透镜来测试现代宇宙学范式。 该奖项将通过这项研究在伊利诺伊州五年级课堂上的实例、为亚利桑那州高中生提供射电天文学技术实践经验以及对本科生和研究生进行射电天文学和干涉测量先进技术的培训来支持天文学教学。该项目将利用南极望远镜发现的引力透镜星系来实现几个目标：（1）确定高红移宇宙中最强烈恒星形成事件的触发机制，（2）研究恒星形成的调节和终止通过观察气体动力学和流出，（3）通过确定恒星质量、恒星形成速率和红移非常高的星系中的气体含量来研究大质量椭圆星系的聚集，（4）探索黑洞吸积和恒星质量的共同演化在这些物体中组装，（5）用远红外原子线测量金属富集，（6）确定这些极端星暴的空间密度并将它们与最先进的星系形成模拟联系起来， (7) 识别这些星系的光晕透镜中的子结构，以测试当前宇宙学模型的预测。 根据 ALMA 第 3 轮和第 4 轮中已经承诺的数据，使用过去几年建立的先进干涉分析工具，这些目标在很大程度上是可以实现的。 该团队将观察者和理论家结合起来，以确保从这些早期宇宙的高分辨率视图中获得的经验教训可以与最先进的星系形成模拟进行比较并反馈到其中。

项目成果

Fast molecular outflow from a dusty star-forming galaxy in the early Universe

早期宇宙中尘埃恒星形成星系的快速分子流出

• DOI: 10.1126/science.aap8900
• 发表时间: 2018-09
• 期刊: Science
• 影响因子: 56.9
• 作者: Spilker, J. S.;Aravena, M.;Béthermin, M.;Chapman, S. C.;Chen, C.;Cunningham, D. J.;De Breuck, C.;Dong, C.;Gonzalez, A. H.;Hayward, C. C.;et al
• 通讯作者: et al

The [C ii]/[N ii] ratio in 3 < z < 6 sub-millimetre galaxies from the South Pole Telescope survey

来自南极望远镜巡天的 3 < z < 6 亚毫米星系中的 [C ii]/[N ii] 比率

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/staa820
• 发表时间: 2020-05
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Cunningham, D J;Chapman, S C;Aravena, M;De Breuck, C;Béthermin, M;Chen, Chian;Dong, Chenxing;Gonzalez, A H;Greve, T R;Litke, K C;et al
• 通讯作者: et al

A massive core for a cluster of galaxies at a redshift of 4.3

红移为 4.3 的星系团的巨大核心

• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-018-0025-2
• 发表时间: 2018-04
• 期刊: Nature
• 影响因子: 64.8
• 作者: Miller, T. B.;Chapman, S. C.;Aravena, M.;Ashby, M. L.;Hayward, C. C.;Vieira, J. D.;Weiß, A.;Babul, A.;Béthermin, M.;Bradford, C. M.;et al
• 通讯作者: et al

Molecular Line Observations in Two Dusty Star-forming Galaxies at z = 6.9

z = 6.9 处两个尘埃恒星形成星系的分子线观测

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac21db
• 发表时间: 2021-08-25
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: S. Jarugula;J. Vieira;A. Weiss;J. Spilker;M. Aravena;M. Archipley;M. Béthermin;S. C Chapman;Chenxing Dong;T. Greve;K. Harrington;C. Hayward;Y. Hezaveh;R. Hill;K. Litke;M. Malkan;D. Marrone;D. Narayanan;K. Phadke;C. Reuter;K. Rotermund
• 通讯作者: K. Rotermund

Source Structure and Molecular Gas Properties from High-resolution CO Imaging of SPT-selected Dusty Star-forming Galaxies

SPT 选择的尘埃恒星形成星系高分辨率 CO 成像的源结构和分子气体性质

• DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab02fe
• 发表时间: 2019-03
• 期刊: The Astrophysical Journal
• 作者: Dong, Chenxing;Spilker, Justin S.;Gonzalez, Anthony H.;Apostolovski, Yordanka;Aravena, Manuel;Béthermin, Matthieu;Chapman, Scott C.;Chen, Chian;Hayward, Christopher C.;Hezaveh, Yashar D.;et al
• 通讯作者: et al