SpecEES: Collaborative Research: Spatially Oversampled Dense Multi-Beam Millimeter-Wave Communications for Exponentially Increased Energy-Efficiency

SpecEES：协作研究：空间过采样密集多波束毫米波通信，以指数方式提高能源效率

• 批准号: 1731290
• 负责人: Theodore Rappaport
• 金额: $ 18.75万
• 依托单位: New York University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-08-15 至 2020-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1731290&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SpecEES; Collaborative; Research; Spatially; Oversampled

The vast amount of spectrum available in the millimeter-wave (mmW) bands offer a path for exponential growth in data rates for wireless communications networks. In emerging systems such as fifth-generation (5G) networks, the use of mmW frequencies will potentially enable unprecedented improvements in network capacity, mobility, and spectral efficiency. However, the exploitation of mmW bands requires solutions to many technical challenges. In particular, the technology limitations present in today's implementations require new paradigms in algorithms, signal processing methods, circuit architectures, and integration methods in order for 5G wireless to become a reality. For example, there is a need for advanced channel models that let designers implement the wireless network infrastructure of the future. There is also a need for new algorithms, software, hardware, and electronic circuits for efficient mmW antenna array processing. This project will exploit well-known physics arising from Einstein's Special Theory of Relativity, namely the causality light-cone, to significantly improve the performance of key array signal processing components in mmW wireless basestations. Specifically, the spatio-temporal properties of electromagnetic waves, as described by Special Relativity, are exploited in novel architectures to improve the energy efficiency, reduce the noise, and improve the linearity of array receivers. A system-wide study of spatio-temporal properties of mmW channels is combined with these architectures to design new types of mmW array receivers and optimum beam forming algorithms. The Special Theory of Relativity describes a region in the multidimensional spacetime continuum that is not occupied by propagating waves due to the constant speed of light and the nature of the wave equation. As a result, the region of support (ROS) of all propagating waves, which correspond to wireless propagation channels, are confined inside a ``Light Cone''. The region of spacetime outside this cone (known as ``Elsewhere'') is a void within which wireless communications signals cannot propagate. Although devoid of waves, the Elsewhere is occupied by both electronic noise and nonlinear distortion arising from real-world amplifiers and data converters. The project explores the possibility of spatially over-sampling the mmW antenna arrays and thereafter applying multidimensional extensions of well-known sigma-delta modulation techniques across both discrete space and continuous-time dimensions to achieve noise and distortion shaping, which effectively move the unwanted received components into Elsewhere. Although sigma-delta algorithms have been employed in analog-to-digital converters (ADCs), it is here proposed that multidimensional extensions of these algorithms are not limited to just ADCs; rather, it is possible to apply these algorithms to low-noise amplifiers, ADCs and other circuit components used in arrays, which in turn leads to the creation of new concepts in multi-dimensional circuit theory for array processing. The technique is expected to lead to improved amplifier noise figure and linearity and exponentially improved ADC figure-of-merit for array digitization at a linear cost in the number of antennas and receivers. The resulting mmW array processors have applications in wireless communications, phased-array radar, and radio telescope antenna apertures. The project is a multi-institutional collaboration between four universities in Ohio and New York, and has multiple education and community outreach activities, which will be implemented via the annual Brooklyn 5G Summit. The project includes mentoring for female engineers and students, development of new educational material, and engagement of underrepresented groups in wireless communications topics. Outreach will be achieved through community activities, workshops, the Brooklyn 5G Summit including events for women in 5G, and scientific outreach and academic events organized within IEEE conferences. The mmW circuits research and education program combines theory with hands-on system prototyping. Industry engagement, which is critically important for emerging wireless technologies, is planned throughout the project, and facilitated via the annual Brooklyn 5G Summit. Open source models, designs and prototype chips will be offered to the public and wireless industry.

毫米波（MMW）频段中可用的大量光谱为无线通信网络的数据速率指数增长提供了途径。在诸如第五代（5G）网络之类的新兴系统中，使用MMW频率的使用将有可能实现前所未有的网络容量，迁移率和光谱效率的改善。但是，对MMW频段的剥削需要解决许多技术挑战的解决方案。特别是，当今实施中存在的技术限制需要算法，信号处理方法，电路体系结构和集成方法中的新范式，以使5G无线无线化成为现实。例如，需要高级频道模型，使设计人员实施未来的无线网络基础架构。还需要新算法，软件，硬件和电子电路，以进行有效的MMW天线阵列处理。该项目将利用爱因斯坦（Einstein）的相对论特殊理论（即因果关系轻锥）引起的众所周知的物理学，以显着提高MMW无线底座中关键阵列信号处理组件的性能。具体而言，如特殊相对论所描述的那样，电磁波的时空特性在新颖的体系结构中被利用，以提高能效，降低噪声并提高阵列接收器的线性性。对MMW通道的时空特性的全系统研究与这些体系结构相结合，以设计新型的MMW阵列接收器和最佳光束形成算法。相对论的特殊理论描述了多维时空连续体中的一个区域，由于光的恒定速度和波动方程的性质，该区域不会因传播波而无法占据。结果，与无线传播通道相对应的所有传播波的支撑区（ROS）被限制在``光锥''内部。该锥体以外的时空区域（称为``其他地方''）是无线通信信号无法传播的空隙。尽管没有波浪，但其他地方却被现实世界放大器和数据转换器引起的电子噪声和非线性失真所占据。该项目探讨了将MMW天线阵列超过空间采样的可能性，然后应用众所周知的Sigma-Delta调制技术在离散空间和持续时间维度上进行多维扩展，以实现噪声和失真形状，从而有效地将不受欢迎的接收到的组件移至其他地方。 尽管Sigma-Delta算法已在类似物到数字转换器（ADC）中使用，但这里提出，这些算法的多维扩展不仅限于ADC。相反，可以将这些算法应用于阵列中使用的低噪声放大器，ADC和其他电路组件，进而导致在多维电路理论中创建新概念以进行数组处理。预计该技术将导致改善的放大器噪声图和线性性，并指数改进ADC - 阵列数字数字化，以线性成本在天线和接收器的数量中进行线性成本。由此产生的MMW阵列处理器在无线通信，分阶段阵列雷达和射电望远镜天线孔径中具有应用。该项目是俄亥俄州和纽约的四所大学之间的多机构合作，并进行了多次教育和社区外展活动，该活动将通过年度布鲁克林5G峰会实施。该项目包括针对女性工程师和学生的指导，开发新的教育材料以及代表性不足的团体在无线通信主题中的参与。将通过社区活动，研讨会，布鲁克林5G峰会（包括5G的妇女活动）以及在IEEE会议中组织的科学外展和学术活动来实现外展活动。 MMW电路研究和教育计划将理论与动手系统原型制作相结合。行业参与对于新兴的无线技术至关重要，整个项目都计划在整个项目中，并通过年度布鲁克林5G峰会提供便利。开源模型，设计和原型芯片将提供给公共和无线行业。

项目成果

3-D Statistical Indoor Channel Model for Millimeter-Wave and Sub-Terahertz Bands

• DOI: 10.1109/globecom42002.2020.9322429
• 发表时间: 2020-09
• 期刊: GLOBECOM 2020 - 2020 IEEE Global Communications Conference
• 作者: Shihao Ju;Yunchou Xing;Ojas Kanhere;T. Rappaport

Verification and Calibration of Antenna Cross-Polarization Discrimination and Penetration Loss for Millimeter Wave Communications

毫米波通信天线交叉极化鉴别和穿透损耗的验证和校准

• DOI: 10.1109/vtcfall.2018.8690683
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: 2018 IEEE 88th Vehicular Technology Conference (VTC-Fall
• 作者: Xing, Yunchou;Kanhere, Ojas;Ju, Shihao;Rappaport, Theodore S.;MacCartney, George R.
• 通讯作者: MacCartney, George R.

Scattering Mechanisms and Modeling for Terahertz Wireless Communications

• DOI: 10.1109/icc.2019.8761205
• 发表时间: 2019-03
• 期刊: ICC 2019 - 2019 IEEE International Conference on Communications (ICC)
• 作者: Shihao Ju;S. Shah;Muhammad Affan Javed;Jun Li;Girish Palteru;Jyotish Robin;Yunchou Xing;Ojas Kanhere;T. Rappaport

Position Locationing for Millimeter Wave Systems

毫米波系统的位置定位

• DOI: 10.1109/glocom.2018.8647983
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: 2018 IEEE Global Communications Conference (GLOBECOM
• 作者: Kanhere, Ojas;Rappaport, Theodore S.
• 通讯作者: Rappaport, Theodore S.

Wideband $N$ -Beam Arrays Using Low-Complexity Algorithms and Mixed-Signal Integrated Circuits

使用低复杂度算法和混合信号集成电路的宽带 $N$ 波束阵列

• DOI: 10.1109/jstsp.2018.2822940
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Signal Processing
• 影响因子: 7.5
• 作者: Perera, Sirani M.;Ariyarathna, Viduneth;Udayanga, Nilan;Madanayake, Arjuna;Wu, Ge;Belostotski, Leonid;Wang, Yingying;Mandal, Soumyajit;Cintra, Renato J.;Rappaport, Theodore S.
• 通讯作者: Rappaport, Theodore S.