MRI Development of the Scripps Ocean Atmosphere Research Simulator (SOARS)

斯克里普斯海洋大气研究模拟器 (SOARS) 的 MRI 开发

• 批准号: 1727039
• 负责人: Grant Deane
• 金额: $ 280万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1727039&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MRI; Development; Scripps; Ocean; Atmosphere

It is critical that we develop tools for improving our understanding of the impacts of natural systems on the climate system as the Earth undergoes unprecedented change. It is difficult to determine the impact of the oceans on clouds and climate in field studies due to complexities added in by human pollution, even out over the oceans. The PIs will development of a state-of-the-art environmental simulator that will allow studies of ocean impacts on clouds and climate in the presence and absence of human based pollution. The Scripps Ocean-Atmosphere Research Simulator (SOARS), will provide wind, waves, atmospheric, biological, and thermal controls capable of simulating real-world conditions in a laboratory scale simulator. SOARS will simulate the complex and interacting physical, chemical and biological components of the marine atmosphere boundary layer (MABL) driven by wind, waves, and microbial processes under varying scenarios of temperature, from tropical to polar, atmospheric gas phase concentrations, and ocean pH. An integrated, temperature-controlled smog chamber will allow unique studies of ocean-atmosphere exchange and atmospheric reaction studies. SOARS will be the only instrument in the world capable of studying the current and future states of the ocean/atmosphere system thus uniquely capable of simulating Earth?s rapidly changing ocean-atmosphere system. The ability to simulate biological, physical, and photochemical processes in a controlled laboratory setting will enable interdisciplinary studies at an unprecedented level. SOARS will be housed at the Hydraulics Laboratory (HLab) at Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO). The HLab has been a focal point for oceanic and atmospheric research for more than 50 years, providing experimental facilities for national and international scientists, including UCSD researchers and students. SOARS will support new science by enabling interdisciplinary teams of scientists to collaborate on quantifying ocean-atmosphere exchange and reaction processes. It will serve as a test bed for the next generation of instrumentation thus improving at-sea measurement techniques to address significant unknowns relevant to global change. SOARS will serve as a training tool for the next generation of interdisciplinary scientists cross-trained in marine biology, climate, atmospheric sciences, oceanography, and engineering. In addition, SOARS will facilitate classical fluid dynamical and engineering studies, as well as STEM education through practical demonstrations for UCSD classes on fluid mechanics that the soon-to-be decommissioned Wind Wave channel in the Hydraulics Laboratory has traditionally supported. The HLab and its affiliated wave channels have become popular for outreach activities at SIO (including artists, film makers, news media and on-site educational visits) and supports UCSD?s commitment to diversity. SOARS will leverage diversity programs promoted at SIO and by the Center for Aerosol Impacts on Climate and the Environment Center (CAICE), a major future SOARS user. Both SIO and CAICE actively seek opportunities to engage diverse audiences in Earth systems science, and SIO has recently appointed two diversity officers to increase broader participation in the STEM fields by inclusiveness in research, education, and outreach. The motivation for SOARS lies in the critical role the marine atmosphere boundary layer (MABL) plays in weather, atmospheric chemistry, climate change, national security interests, and offshore civil engineering. SOARS will play a critical role in basic and applied research in these arenas as well as in educating and training the next generation of scientists and engineers working in these fields. The presence of biological, chemical and physical feedbacks on exchanges through the MABL makes the creation of controllable laboratory simulators essential to the understanding of these complex processes. SOARS will enable study of the full complexity of ocean-atmosphere exchange processes through interdisciplinary studies by chemists, biologists and physical oceanographers. Not only is SOARS designed for experiments using wind, waves and biology in natural seawater, with a controllable atmosphere, simulating tropical through polar conditions, but the conditions will also be customizable allowing experiments to unravel natural impacts on clouds and climate, as well as futuristic simulations of increasing CO2 levels and changes in ecosystems. Such studies will allow one to unravel impacts of human versus natural processes on our climate at a unique level.

至关重要的是，随着地球经历前所未有的变化，我们开发工具以提高我们对自然系统对气候系统的影响的理解。由于人类污染所增加的复杂性，即使在海洋上，很难确定海洋对云和气候的影响。 PI将开发最先进的环境模拟器，该模拟器将在存在和不存在基于人类的污染的情况下研究海洋对云和气候的影响。 Scripps海洋 - 大气研究模拟器（SOARS）将提供能够在实验室规模模拟器中模拟现实世界条件的风，波浪，大气，生物和热控制。 SOAR将模拟由风，波浪和微生物过程在不同温度的情况下，从热带到极性，大气气相中的浓度和海洋pH的各种情况下，由风，波和微生物过程驱动的海洋大气边界层（MABL）的复杂和相互作用的物理，化学和生物学成分。 一个综合的，温度控制的烟雾室将允许对海洋 - 大气交换和大气反应研究的独特研究。 SOARS将是世界上唯一能够研究海洋/大气系统的当前和未来状态的工具，因此能够模拟地球快速变化的海洋 - 大气系统。在受控的实验室环境中模拟生物，物理和光化学过程的能力将使跨学科研究在前所未有的水平上进行。 Soars将安置在Scripps海洋学研究所（SIO）的液压实验室（HLAB）。超过50年来，HLAB一直是海洋和大气研究的重点，为包括UCSD研究人员和学生在内的国家和国际科学家提供了实验设施。 SOAR将通过使科学家的跨学科团队能够合作量化海洋 - 大气交换和反应过程来支持新科学。它将用作下一代仪器的测试床，从而改善了海上测量技术，以解决与全球变化相关的重要未知数。 SOARS将作为下一代跨学科科学家的培训工具，在海洋生物学，气候，大气科学，海洋学和工程学中进行了交叉培训。此外，SOARS将通过对液压实验室中即将退役的风波通道的UCSD课程的实际演示来促进经典的流体动力学和工程研究，并通过对UCSD课程的实际演示进行STEM教育。 HLAB及其附属的波浪渠道已在SIO（包括艺术家，电影制片人，新闻媒体和现场教育访问）的外展活动中流行，并支持UCSD对多样性的承诺。 SOARS将利用SIO和气溶胶中心对气候和环境中心（CAICE）（CAICE）的影响的多元化计划，这是一个主要的未来使用者。 Sio和Caice都积极寻求机会吸引各种受众参与地球系统科学的机会，Sio最近任命了两名多样性官员，以通过包容性研究，教育和外展来增加对STEM领域的广泛参与。 飙升的动机在于海洋大气边界层（MABL）在天气，大气化学，气候变化，国家安全利益和海上土木工程中发挥的关键作用。 SOARS在这些领域的基础研究和应用研究中以及在这些领域工作的下一代科学家和工程师的教育和培训将发挥关键作用。通过MABL进行交流的生物学，化学和物理反馈的存在使得创造了对这些复杂过程必不可少的可控实验室模拟器。 SOARS将通过化学家，生物学家和物理海洋学家的跨学科研究来研究海洋大气交换过程的全部复杂性。不仅为使用自然海水中的风，波和生物学设计的实验设计飞涨，具有可控的气氛，在极性条件下模拟了热带气氛，而且条件也将是可定制的，允许实验能够揭示对云和气候的自然影响，以及对生态系统中增加的CO2水平的未来模拟。这样的研究将使人们在独特的水平上揭示人类与自然过程对我们气候的影响。