Long Term Population Response to Environmental Fluctuation

人口对环境波动的长期反应

基本信息

批准号：
1725067
负责人：
Douglas Kennett
金额：
$ 10.12万
依托单位：
Pennsylvania State Univ University Park
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-08-15 至 2019-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1725067&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Long Term Population Response Environmental

项目摘要

As evidenced in many regions of the world today environmental change can have major impact on population distribution as groups of people may migrate in mass, disperse more broadly over the landscape or congregate in adaptive response. Archaeology, hand in hand with paleoclimate sciences, provides an excellent context within which to evaluate this process because it permits the reconstruction of both long term environmental fluctuation and human response. Such changes can play out slowly over multiple centuries and vary across multiple states. In this research project Drs. Douglas Kennett and Thomas Harper of Pennsylvania State University will focus on one such case dating to the Early Bronze Age period in Eastern Europe. During this period of climatic unstability settlement patterns indicate a highly volatile variation in population dynamics. During one time interval dispersed populations merged into "giant-settlements" which attained sizes of 100-320 hectares unique not only in size but also in the fact that they show no sign of internal social stratification. While these settlements, have been the focus of prior study, they are poorly dated and thus it is difficult to situate them tightly in an environmental context which is chronologically controlled. Researchers will collect relevant cultural material for radiocarbon dating to construct a cultural sequence which is tightly anchored in time.In order to firmly establish the habitational sequence, the researchers will obtain datable materials (faunal bone samples; though a contingency using charcoal may be implemented in some cases) from a selection of twenty-two undated or poorly dated sites with artifact assemblages suggesting occupation ca. 4200-3300 BC. These sites represent the periods on either side of the giant-settlement phenomenon, Materials from these sites are kept in the collections of the Institute of Archaeology of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine (Kiev), the Museum of Tripolye Culture and other regional museums and archaeological authorities. Co-PI Harper will travel to Ukraine for the month in order to perform relevant collections research. Samples will be packed and shipped to Penn State where they will be cleaned, prepared and radiocarbon dated.

正如当今世界许多地区所证明的那样，环境变化可能会对人口分布产生重大影响，因为一群人可能会在群众中迁移，更广泛地散布在景观上，或者聚集在适应性的反应中。考古学与古气候科学息息相关，为评估这一过程提供了一个很好的背景，因为它允许重建长期的环境波动和人类反应。这种变化可以在多个世纪中缓慢发挥作用，并且在多个州的各个州都有不同。在这个研究项目中。宾夕法尼亚州立大学的道格拉斯·肯尼特（Douglas Kennett）和托马斯·哈珀（Thomas Harper）将重点关注一个这样的案例，可追溯到东欧早期青铜时代。在这个气候不稳定定居模式的时期，人口动态的挥发性差异很大。在一个时间间隔内，分散的种群合并为“巨型植物”，其大小为100-320公顷，不仅在大小上，而且在没有表现出内部社会分层的迹象的情况下。尽管这些定居点一直是先前研究的重点，但它们的过时很差，因此很难将它们紧紧地置于按时间顺序控制的环境环境中。研究人员将收集相关的文化材料以构建一个文化序列，该序列紧密地锚定，以牢固地建立居住序列，研究人员将获得数据材料（在某些情况下可以在某些情况下可以实现使用木炭的偶然性或贫困的catifatient catifatient catifatient care的占领材料；公元前4200-3300这些地点代表了巨大的现象两侧的时期，这些地点的材料保存在乌克兰国家科学院考古研究所（基辅），三家文化博物馆，其他地区博物馆博物馆和古学当局。 Co-Pi Harper将前往乌克兰本月，以进行相关的收藏研究。样品将被包装并运送到宾夕法尼亚州，在那里它们将被清洁，准备和放射性碳日期。