Emergency Services During Heightened Border Security

边境安全加强期间的紧急服务

• 批准号: 1724749
• 负责人: Ieva Jusionyte
• 金额: $ 4.12万
• 依托单位: Harvard University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-01 至 2019-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1724749&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Emergency; Services; During; Heightened; Border

How do first responders confront the challenges of provisioning fire, rescue, and emergency medical services in contexts of heightened security? The case of emergency medical responders is intriguing and oftentimes problematic. As public service providers, they are street-level bureaucrats who work on the frontlines of the post-9/11 security state, facing political, legal and ethical collisions between the security of the communities where they live and work and their social-humanitarian responsibilities to saving lives. Professional ethics and healthcare laws require that first responders provide help without regard to the legal status of their patients, but as state actors they are also invested with political and symbolic functions of governmental authority and tightly integrated into the federal emergency preparedness and homeland security infrastructures. The study examines the relation between local governments and taxpayers that fund fire, rescue and emergency medical services, and federal and state governments, which set and implement national security, border control and immigration policies. The project will be instructive to EMS-related policy and regulatory efforts as they relate to both broader concerns about national security and public health. The project would also promote the advancement and training of students in methods of rigorous data collection and analysis, while broadening the participation of underrepresented groups in the sciences. Dr. Ieva Jusionyte of the University of Florida explores the everyday practices and experiences of first responders - firefighters, emergency medical technicians and paramedics - who work or volunteer for fire and rescue departments on both sides of the Arizona-Sonora border to expand our understanding of the human and social consequences of security policies and border enforcement. This project asks: (1) what effects do security policies, planned and executed at different government levels, have in the communities where they are applied? And (2) how do potential contradictions that result when these policies are put into practice impact border security efforts? Dr. Jusionyte will seek answers to these questions by engaging in a twelve-month-long ethnographic research in rural and urban communities of Southern Arizona, where she will actively collaborate with research assistants and community partners from the fire and rescue departments. The research team will conduct a series of in-depth interviews, focus group discussions and archival research in order to explain how conflicting policies at different levels of governance can result in potentially deleterious consequences for people who experience them, and assess the implications that these effects have on first responders as frontline state actors. This research is an original and important contribution to our understanding of the effects of security-making and the laws, politics and ethics of rescue from an anthropological perspective.     

第一响应者如何面对在安全性增强的情况下，为消防，救援和紧急医疗服务提供挑战？紧急医疗响应者的案例令人着迷，而且有时有问题。作为公共服务提供商，他们是街头官员，他们在9/11后的安全状态的前线工作，面临着他们生活和工作的社区安全与挽救生命的社区安全以及社会人道主义责任之间的政治，法律和道德碰撞。职业道德和医疗保健法要求急救人员在不考虑其患者的法律地位的情况下提供帮助，但是作为州行为者，他们还投入了政府权威的政治和象征性职能，并将其紧密整合到联邦紧急准备和国土安全基础设施中。该研究研究了资助消防，救援和紧急医疗服务的地方政府与纳税人之间的关系，以及建立和实施国家安全，边境管制和移民政策的联邦和州政府。该项目将对与EMS相关的政策和监管努力有启发性，因为它们既与国家安全和公共卫生的更广泛关注”。该项目还将促进学生在严格的数据收集和分析方法中的进步和培训，同时扩大代表性不足的群体参与科学的参与。佛罗里达大学的Ieva Jusionyte博士探索了第一反应者的日常习俗和经验 - 消防员，紧急医疗技术人员和护理人员 - 在亚利桑那州索诺拉边境两边的消防和救援部门工作或志愿者，以扩大我们对安全和边境执行的人类和社会后果的理解。该项目询问：（1）在政府层面上计划和执行的安全政策在申请的社区中有什么影响？ （2）当这些政策被付诸实践时，如何影响边境安全努力时会导致潜在的矛盾？ Jusionyte博士将通过在亚利桑那州南部的农村和城市社区进行十二个月的民族志研究来寻求这些问题的答案，在那里她将与消防和救援部门的研究助理和社区合作伙伴积极合作。研究团队将进行一系列深入的访谈，焦点小组讨论和档案研究，以解释在不同级别的治理水平上的冲突政策如何对经历他们的人产生潜在的有害后果，并评估这些影响对第一响应者作为一线国家参与者的影响。这项研究是我们从人类学的角度理解安全制定和救援法律，政治和伦理的原始和重要贡献。