Doctoral Dissertation Research: Collective Cognition and Group Performance

博士论文研究：集体认知与群体绩效

• 批准号: 1702788
• 负责人: James Evans
• 金额: $ 1.2万
• 依托单位: University of Chicago
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-06-01 至 2019-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1702788&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Collective; Cognition

Title: Collective Cognition and Group PerformanceNSF AbstractThe creation of new products and services, solutions to important public policy problems, scientific discovery, and artistic accomplishments are all the outcome of work carried out by small teams and organizations. The determinants of strong team performance, however, are not well understood. Part of the reason for this lack of understanding is that important variables, such as the structure of the language that a team speaks and the dynamic nature of social interactions, have yet to be thoroughly investigated. This project will analyze how the language spoken by teams affects how they socially interact and will trace how these patterns of interaction affect team performance. Drawing on linguistic, cognitive, and information theory, the project will enhance our knowledge of the determinants of exceptional team creativity and decision-making. The project will directly impact society in three ways. First, and concretely, it will train one college-aspiring, first-generation, Hispanic high school student as a research assistant to prepare him or her for college-level research. Second, it will inform better ways of organizing teams and organizations and will create new tools for the creation of better and more efficient teams. Finally, it will create a new measure of language complexity for approximately 700 languages, which other scholars will be able to use in their own research.The long-researched linguistic relativity hypothesis argues that the structure of a person's language influences his or her cognition. While this hypothesis has only been pursued in the context of how language affects individual cognition, this dissertation extends the argument into sociological territory by moving beyond the individual, asking: 1) Can differences in language structure affect the performance of groups? And, if so, 2) what accounts for this performance difference? This project creates novel estimates of the average rate of ambiguity contained within the world's languages. It argues that due to the analogical reasoning process that underlies much of human cognition, teams speaking high ambiguity languages will engage in social interaction patterns that lead to higher rates of performance for some kinds of team tasks and lower rates of performance for others. This study will enrich the sociological understanding of team performance, which has heretofore focused on the manner in which network structures influence trust and information flow within and between groups, but has yet to focus on the structure of the communication protocols used. By using computational, archival, and experimental methodology, the project will trace how language ambiguity can affect the nature of social interactions as well as the manner in which information flows through those interactions, thereby affecting overall rates of team performance.

标题：集体认知和团体表演摘要新产品和服务的创建，重要的公共政策问题解决方案，科学发现和艺术成就都是小型团队和组织进行的工作的结果。但是，强大的团队绩效的决定因素尚不清楚。 缺乏理解的部分原因是，重要的变量，例如团队所说的语言的结构以及社会互动的动态性质，尚待进行彻底的研究。该项目将分析团队所使用的语言如何影响他们在社会上的互动方式，并将追踪这些互动模式如何影响团队绩效。 该项目利用语言，认知和信息理论，将增强我们对杰出团队创造力和决策决定因素的了解。该项目将以三种方式直接影响社会。首先，具体而言，它将培训一个吸气，第一代，西班牙裔高中生，作为研究助理，以准备他或她进行大学水平的研究。其次，它将为组织团队和组织的更好方式提供信息，并将创建新的工具，以创建更好，更有效的团队。最后，它将为大约700种语言创造一种新的语言复杂性量度，其他学者将能够在自己的研究中使用它们。长期研究的语言相对性假设认为，一个人的语言的结构会影响他或她的认知。尽管该假设仅在语言如何影响个人认知的背景下提出，但该论文通过超越个人而将论点扩展到社会学领域，问：1）语言结构的差异可以影响群体的表现吗？而且，如果是的，则2）有哪些占性差异？该项目对世界语言中包含的平均歧义率产生了新颖的估计。它认为，由于类似的推理过程是人类认知的许多基础，因此讲高歧义语言的团队将参与社交互动模式，从而导致某些团队任务的绩效率更高，而其他人的绩效较低。这项研究将丰富对团队绩效的社会学理解，迄今为止，该研究的重点是网络结构影响组内和组之间的信任和信息流的方式，但尚未关注所使用的通信协议的结构。通过使用计算，档案和实验方法，该项目将追踪语言歧义如何影响社交互动的性质以及信息流过这些互动的方式，从而影响团队绩效的整体速率。