Human-Aware Environments for Distributed Building Systems Operations

分布式建筑系统运营的人性化环境

基本信息

批准号：
1663513
负责人：
Farrokh Jazizadeh Karimi
金额：
$ 32.07万
依托单位：
Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-08-01 至 2022-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1663513&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Human Aware Environments Distributed Building

项目摘要

Innovative management of urban infrastructure operations has a critical role in enhancing their serviceability, sustainability, and flexibility in integration of dynamic sources of energy. Buildings, a major component of the urban infrastructure, account for majority of energy consumption. This project investigates novel approaches for human-centered and distributed quantification of thermal demand in buildings for efficient thermal energy management. Conventional monitoring and control approaches in buildings are constrained with limited feedback from an environment as well as conservative assumptions that do not reflect the dynamics of their users. To address these limitations, this project investigates a closer system integration between human body thermal response and control mechanisms of building systems. Accordingly, the project investigates non-intrusive sensing and inference methodologies that enable a smart environment to infer the need of its occupants by considering the trade-off between instrumentation, feasibility, and performance. Realization of the research will provide the ground in identifying adaptation potentials at building level and building networks at grid level to improve serviceability of building infrastructure. By leveraging the cross-disciplinary nature of the research, this project integrates findings in undergraduate and graduate courses. It also contributes to the programs that encourage K-12 and undergraduate learners from groups underrepresented in engineering to pursue degrees in STEM fields in collaboration with Virginia Tech CEED center. Human body responses to ambient conditions, which are reflected in cardiopulmonary adjustments, act as a transmitter in an environment. This characteristic is leveraged in this project to shift from human-centric instrumentation for personalized thermal comfort assessment to space-centric by a novel application of Doppler radar systems that act as the sole transceivers. The fundamental requirements of feasibility and performance for a system integration will be investigated through experimental and field validation studies, mathematical modeling, and design of an alternative control framework. Statistical inference techniques, coupled with specialized signal processing frameworks will be developed to enable the application of human physiological response as sensor proxies for distributed feedback in control of building systems? operation. To this end, bio-signal feature engineering and sensitivity analyses will be carried out to develop efficient probabilistic models of thermal response feedback that account for environmental noise interference. Parametric and non-parametric techniques for modeling thermal response of human body will be also utilized to investigate new dimensions to standard thermal sensation metrics. Alternative control scenarios that combine real-time personalized feedback with existing control logic in building systems will be evaluated to (1) assess the efficacy of the control feedback from physiological responses and (2) identify potential energy efficiency improvements in buildings as the main research hypotheses.

城市基础设施运营的创新管理在增强其可维护性，可持续性和灵活性中在动态能源的整合中起着至关重要的作用。建筑物是城市基础设施的主要组成部分，占大多数能源消耗。该项目研究了建筑物中以人为中心和分布式量化的量化热能管理的新方法。建筑物中常规的监视和控制方法受到环境的反馈以及没有反映用户动态的保守假设的有限反馈而受到限制。为了解决这些局限性，该项目研究了人体热响应与建筑系统控制机制之间的更紧密整合。因此，该项目调查了非侵入性的传感和推理方法，使智能环境能够通过考虑仪器，可行性和性能之间的权衡来推断其乘员的需求。研究的实现将为识别建筑水平和网格水平建筑网络的适应潜力提供基础，以提高建筑基础设施的服务性。通过利用研究的跨学科性质，该项目在本科和研究生课程中融合了发现。它还为鼓励K-12和本科学习者的计划提供了贡献，这些课程与工程专业人数不足的小组与弗吉尼亚理工学院CEED中心合作攻读STEM领域的学位。人体对环境条件的反应，反映在心肺调节中，在环境中充当发射机。该项目在该项目中利用了这种特征，从以人为本的仪器转变为个性化的热舒适评估，通过新颖的多普勒雷达系统的新型应用，该系统充当唯一的收发器。系统集成的可行性和性能的基本要求将通过实验和现场验证研究，数学建模以及替代控制框架的设计进行研究。将开发统计推理技术，再加上专门的信号处理框架，以使人类生理响应作为传感器代理，以控制建筑系统的分布式反馈？手术。为此，将进行生物信号特征工程和灵敏度分析，以开发有效的热响应反馈的概率模型，以解释环境噪声干扰。用于建模人体热反应的参数和非参数技术还将用于研究标准热感觉指标的新维度。将实时个性化反馈与建筑物系统中现有控制逻辑相结合的替代控制方案将评估以（1）评估从生理反应中控制反馈的疗效，并且（2）确定建筑物的势能提高建筑物的主要研究假设。