RAPID: Transit Network Disruption, Service Reliability, and Travel Behavior

RAPID：交通网络中断、服务可靠性和出行行为

• 批准号: 1649189
• 负责人: Shanjiang Zhu
• 金额: $ 5万
• 依托单位: George Mason University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-01 至 2017-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1649189&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Transit; Network; Disruption; Service

Major transit disruptions have become more frequent due to increasing maintenance needs for an aging infrastructure, system failures, and disasters. Both transportation agencies and travelers need better information to prepare for such events. Considering the significant public distress caused by such events, the objectives of this research are crucial to the well-being of our society. Understanding travelers' behavioral responses over time are essential to effective planning and management of multimodal transportation systems for infrastructure maintenance and disaster response. This Rapid Response Research (RAPID) project will collect unique and perishible data on system performance and travel behavior before, during and after each of the 15 Metro service disruption events (the SafeTrack project) in the Washington D.C. metropolitan area scheduled between June 2016 and March 2017. The analysis will advance our understanding on the impact of major transit service disruptions on a multi-modal transportation system, yielding insights on how to optimize the planning and execution of maintenance events. The field of transportation systems analysis will benefit from the detailed travel behavior adjustment and system-level re-equilibration observations collected from this project. Mass transit may be the only option for many low-income or disadvantaged travelers, and this research will also reveal members of these groups respond to transit service disruptions.The objectives of the research are to 1) collect unique system performance and travel behavior data sets before, during and after each of the 15 Metro service disruption events using state-of-the-art longitudinal behavior data collection methods; 2) test hypotheses on the impact of major transit service disruptions on a multi-modal transportation system; 3) advance understanding of human behavioral responses and system re-equilibration after such disruptions; and 4) systematically discover planning and operations strategies that can minimize the impact of major transit service shutdowns based on this improved understanding of travel behavior. This project will be the first comprehensive study on transit network disruption of this magnitude with complete before-and-after travel behavior and system performance data. Longitudinal travel behavior data produced from this project will also stimulate future research on transit network reliability, resiliency, and incident response. This project will fill a major gap in the literature on multi-modal, multi-dimensional travel behavioral responses to major transit network disruptions. This will also be a first research effort that explores the transportation system re-equilibration (or lack of it) after major transit network disruptions. Understanding how travelers respond to transit service disruptions is a critically theoretical prerequisite toward developing and implementing effective strategies (e.g., how to optimally deploy the reserved bus fleet) that minimize system impact and improve transit system reliability and resiliency.

由于基础设施老化、系统故障和灾难的维护需求不断增加，重大交通中断变得更加频繁。交通运输机构和旅客都需要更好的信息来为此类事件做好准备。考虑到此类事件造成的重大公众痛苦，这项研究的目标对于我们社会的福祉至关重要。了解旅行者随时间的行为反应对于有效规划和管理多式联运系统以进行基础设施维护和灾难响应至关重要。该快速响应研究 (RAPID) 项目将在 2016 年 6 月至 3 月期间在华盛顿特区都会区发生 15 起地铁服务中断事件（SafeTrack 项目）之前、期间和之后收集有关系统性能和出行行为的独特且易变的数据。 2017 年。该分析将加深我们对重大交通服务中断对多式联运系统影响的理解，从而深入了解如何优化维护活动的规划和执行。交通系统分析领域将受益于该项目收集的详细出行行为调整和系统级再平衡观测结果。公共交通可能是许多低收入或弱势旅行者的唯一选择，这项研究还将揭示这些群体的成员对交通服务中断的反应。研究的目标是 1) 收集独特的系统性能和出行行为数据集使用最先进的纵向行为数据收集方法，在 15 起地铁服务中断事件之前、期间和之后进行记录； 2) 测试重大交通服务中断对多式联运系统影响的假设； 3）加深对人类行为反应和系统在此类干扰后的重新平衡的理解； 4) 基于对出行行为的深入了解，系统地发现规划和运营策略，以最大限度地减少主要交通服务关闭的影响。该项目将是第一个针对如此大规模的交通网络中断的综合研究，其中包含完整的出行前后行为和系统性能数据。该项目产生的纵向出行行为数据还将刺激未来对交通网络可靠性、弹性和事件响应的研究。 该项目将填补有关对主要交通网络中断的多模式、多维度旅行行为响应的文献中的一个主要空白。这也将是第一个探索交通网络重大中断后交通系统重新平衡（或缺乏平衡）的研究工作。了解旅客如何应对交通服务中断是制定和实施有效策略（例如，如何优化部署预留巴士车队）的关键理论先决条件，以最大限度地减少系统影响并提高交通系统的可靠性和弹性。

项目成果

Travel Behavior Reactions to Transit Service Disruptions: Study of Metro SafeTrack Projects in Washington, D.C.

出行行为对交通服务中断的反应：华盛顿特区地铁 SafeTrack 项目研究

• DOI: 10.3141/2649-09
• 发表时间: 2017-01
• 期刊: Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board
• 作者: Zhu, Shanjiang;Masud, Hamza;Xiong, Chenfeng;Yang, Zhuo;Pan, Yixuan;Zhang, Lei
• 通讯作者: Zhang, Lei