Climate Complexity and Emergency Response

气候复杂性和应急响应

基本信息

批准号：
1646822
负责人：
Adriana Petryna
金额：
$ 2.5万
依托单位：
University of Pennsylvania
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-08-01 至 2018-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1646822&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Climate Complexity Emergency Response

项目摘要

This award is made under NSF's EAGER funding mechanism, which supports Early-concept Grants for Exploratory Research. The project, directed by anthropologist Dr. Adriana Petryna (University of Pennsylvania), is the first step in a larger investigation of the links between evolving scientific understanding of extreme climatic events and changing modes of emergency response. Recent extreme events, such as "superstorm" Sandy and drought-linked "megafires," signal abrupt ecological shifts that call for revamped approaches to managing risk. Front-line responders know that the old models, grounded in gradualist views of change, no longer suffice. But assessing and implementing the new science of abrupt regime shifts is complicated by problems of science gaps, knowledge transfer, and public policy acceptance. The researcher will identify these management issues to enable a direct and timely interaction between the evolving science of abrupt climate change and its emergency response.Petryna will focus this preliminary phase on the notion of "safety zones," preplanned areas protecting populations from predictable hazards. Safety zones, be they in the context of a hurricane or a wildfire, are supposed to integrate the best of basic scientific research and applied risk management but recent events have challenged the traditional wisdom and rules for safety zone delineation. Petryna's primary data collection will be done with engineers, experimental fire scientists, emergency shelter designers, firefighters, and dispatchers at the Fire Sciences Laboratory of the Rocky Mountain Station in Missoula, Montana, and with county and municipal emergency management teams in New Jersey coastal towns. Across these sites, she will employ ethnographic and observational methodologies to collect data in laboratories, where scientists and engineers study the dynamics of physical phenomena under transformed ecological conditions; in field settings, where emergency workers engage in changing conditions of safety and intervention; and in emergency management agencies, where decisions about feasibility of intervention are made. The researcher will also confer with regime shift researchers. Findings from this research will map the evolving systems of knowledge that link abrupt ecological change, extreme climatic events, and take-up by frontline emergency personnel.

该奖项是在 NSF 的 EAGER 资助机制下颁发的，该机制支持探索性研究的早期概念资助。该项目由人类学家 Adriana Petryna 博士（宾夕法尼亚大学）领导，是对极端气候事件不断发展的科学认识与不断变化的应急响应模式之间联系进行更大规模调查的第一步。最近的极端事件，例如“超级风暴”桑迪和与干旱有关的“特大火灾”，标志着生态的突然变化，需要改进风险管理方法。一线响应人员知道，基于渐进主义变革观点的旧模式已不再足够。但评估和实施政权突然更迭的新科学由于科学差距、知识转移和公共政策接受等问题而变得复杂。研究人员将确定这些管理问题，以便在不断发展的气候突变科学与其应急响应之间实现直接、及时的互动。Petryna 将在初步阶段重点关注“安全区”的概念，即预先规划的区域，保护人们免受可预测的危害。无论是在飓风还是野火的背景下，安全区都应该结合最好的基础科学研究和应用风险管理，但最近发生的事件挑战了安全区划分的传统智慧和规则。 Petryna 的主要数据收集将由蒙大拿州米苏拉落基山站消防科学实验室的工程师、实验火灾科学家、应急避难所设计师、消防员和调度员以及新泽西州沿海城镇的县和市应急管理团队完成。在这些地点，她将采用人种学和观察方法在实验室收集数据，科学家和工程师在实验室研究改变生态条件下物理现象的动态；在现场环境中，应急人员参与不断变化的安全和干预条件；在应急管理机构中，做出有关干预可行性的决定。研究人员还将与政权转变研究人员进行协商。这项研究的结果将绘制不断发展的知识系统，这些知识系统将突然的生态变化、极端气候事件和一线应急人员的行动联系起来。