Pulses of Biogenic Nitrogen Cycling Lead to Atmospheric-Based Nutrient Spiraling in Southern California

生物氮循环脉冲导致南加州大气养分螺旋上升

基本信息

批准号：
1656062
负责人：
George Jenerette
金额：
$ 89.11万
依托单位：
University of California-Riverside
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-08-01 至 2021-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1656062&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Pulses Biogenic Nitrogen Cycling Lead

项目摘要

The cycling of nitrogen in arid lands, deserts, and areas with limited water and frequent high temperatures is challenging to study and does not fit within the current understanding of other areas such as forests or grasslands. In arid lands, nitrogen concentrations are generally low and many biological processes are limited by nitrogen availability during wet periods. However, many arid land ecosystems also exhibit high rates of nitrogen loss more characteristic of areas with a nitrogen abundance. During wet periods soils may emit high nitrogen concentrations. Because of these nitrogen pulses, arid lands may have an important role in atmospheric chemistry although the magnitudes or fate of emissions are not well known. Return of the soil nitrogen pulses to the soil may be a previously unaccounted nutrient source contributing to downwind nitrogen deposition. New research directed to characterizing arid land nitrogen dynamics across landscapes may resolve these apparent contradictions, contribute to more comprehensive understanding, and improve understanding of the broad-scale effects of nitrogen enrichment. The findings will be communicated to the federal and state agencies that are directly affected by atmospheric nitrogen including Joshua Tree National Park. Training opportunities, targeted for underrepresented graduate and undergraduate students, include tools for trace gases, isotopes, genomes, and modeling. The results will be communicated to the local community through UC Cooperative Extension and an annual public lecture series that targets K-12 educators throughout the region. This project will develop and test a hypothesis of pulse-induced nutrient spiraling to explain the landscape distribution of nitrogen concentrations and sources in southern California. The central hypothesis borrows from nutrient dynamics in stream systems where movement downstream leads to biogeochemical ?spirals?, as nutrients cycle from dissolved and biotic forms. In arid lands, it is hypothesized that soil pulses of gaseous nitrogen emissions coupled with atmospheric transport and deposition forms such a spiral and propagates nitrogen enrichment across a landscape. This hypothesis will be evaluated across a transect of decreasing nitrogen deposition extending from Riverside, CA to the eastern edge of Joshua Tree National Park where replicated experiments will be conducted that assess soil nitrogen pulses and identifies their sources through isotopic and genomic tools. These experiments will test predictions that pulses of soil nitrogen emissions have characteristic isotopic signatures and increasingly dominate soil nitrogen content downwind from urban sources. The experimental results will be used to inform a regional atmospheric transport and chemistry model that will simulate nitrogen dynamics throughout southern California. The model simulations will further test predictions that soil pulse emissions can influence atmospheric nitrogen chemistry and subsequent nitrogen deposition.

干旱土地中的环元，水和频繁的高温是挑战的，并且对其他地区（例如森林或草地）的理解不足。通过在湿度的损失中，氮的损失是氮的损失。促进氮的氮气景观的来源可以解决这些宽敞的氮富集范围代表性不足的毕业生和地下学生包括痕迹，山顶，基因组和建模的工具。氮和加利福尼亚州的核糖核算中的中央假设在下游的养分动力学中借用了生物地球化学的核心。从河滨实验延伸的氮沉积物将通过同位素工具进行辛苦的氮脉冲，以测试氮的氮配合式脉动，并将其赋予土壤氮的含量在X型源源。大气传输和化学模型将模拟氮动力学thoun Ther thern California。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（8）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Ecological contributions to human health in cities

DOI：
10.1007/s10980-018-0708-y
发表时间：
2018-10-01
期刊：
LANDSCAPE ECOLOGY
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Jenerette, G. Darrel
通讯作者：
Jenerette, G. Darrel

Exotic grass litter modulates seasonal pulse dynamics of CO2 and N2O, but not NO, in Mediterranean-type coastal sage scrub at the wildland-urban interface

在荒地与城市交界处的地中海型沿海鼠尾草灌木丛中，异国草凋落物调节 CO2 和 N2O 的季节性脉冲动态，但不调节 NO

DOI：
10.1007/s11104-020-04722-x
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
Plant and Soil
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Andrews, Holly M.;Jenerette, G. Darrel
通讯作者：
Jenerette, G. Darrel

Causes and feedbacks to widespread grass invasion into chaparral shrub dominated landscapes

草丛广泛入侵丛林灌木为主的景观的原因和反馈

DOI：
10.1007/s10980-019-00800-3
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
Landscape Ecology
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Park, Isaac W.;Jenerette, G. Darrel
通讯作者：
Jenerette, G. Darrel

Soil NH3 emissions across an aridity, soil pH, and N deposition gradient in southern California

DOI：
10.1525/elementa.2022.00123
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
Elem Sci Anth
影响因子：
0
作者：
Alexander H. Krichels;Peter M. Homyak;E. Aronson;J. Sickman;Jon K. Botthoff;Aral C. Greene;Holly M. Andrews;Hannah B Shulman;S. Piper;G. D. Jenerette
通讯作者：
Alexander H. Krichels;Peter M. Homyak;E. Aronson;J. Sickman;Jon K. Botthoff;Aral C. Greene;Holly M. Andrews;Hannah B Shulman;S. Piper;G. D. Jenerette

Large nitrogen oxide emission pulses from desert soils and associated microbiomes