Phase III I/UCRC Ohio State University: Center for Child Prevention Studies (CChIPS)

III 期 I/UCRC 俄亥俄州立大学：儿童预防研究中心 (CChIPS)

• 批准号: 1650541
• 负责人: John Bolte
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: Ohio State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-03-01 至 2021-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1650541&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Phase; III; UCRC; Ohio; State

According to recent data released by the Centers for Disease Control (CDC), unintentional injury is the number one cause of death for individuals between 1 - 24 years old. For these ages, car crashes were the leading cause of unintentional injury death. Despite recent improvements in car crash safety, these numbers demonstrate a need for continued research into the safety of children in car crashes and thus the continued need for the Center for Child Injury Prevention Studies (CCHiPS). CChIPS primary focus is on motor vehicle crashes. Each year in the United States, over 1,500,000 children are occupants in motor vehicle crashes with close to 1,200 children sustaining fatal injuries, while more than 169,000 children are non-fatally injured, leading to substantial loss of productivity in the young. CChIPS advances child safety through pre-competitive research and translation of engineering, behavioral and epidemiologic research findings into commercial applications, interventions, policies, and public education programs for prevention. Injury prevention involves reducing exposure to energy to levels below human tolerance limits and managing the injuries should they occur. Adult solutions are not appropriate for children who are not small adults - biomechanically, developmentally, and behaviorally and solutions need to dramatically change to accommodate growth and development. The research conducted by CChIPS is published in leading scientific and engineering journals and conferences and the results are cited as transformative regarding knowledge of how children, youth and young adults are injured and how to best protect them. The Center for Child Injury Prevention Studies (CChIPS) is the nation's only IUCRC focused on child injury prevention, with a specific emphasis on injury due to car crashes. The mission of CChIPS is to advance the safety of children, youth, and young adults by conducting research focused on their injuries and translating the findings into commercial applications, interventions, policies, and public education programs for prevention. The technical focus of the Ohio State CCHiPS site will include special emphasis on two areas: (1) crash test dummy development (2) public education and outreach. Crash test dummies are an important safety tool used by manufacturers to design and tests child restraint systems (CRS), thus it is critical to continue to improve the dummies. The main focus of the OSU site will be to continue to assist in improving the ability of the dummy to predict occupant safety, which will help lead to the development of better CRS for our children and youth. Unfortunately, the benefit from improved CRS might be lost according to research showing that up to 75% of the seats are improperly installed. The OSU CChIPS site began a public outreach and education initiative to translate research findings and to promote child passenger safety to parents and caregivers. This initiative, called ?Buckle Up With Brutus? provides proper car seat usage information through its website (http://www.buckleup.osu.edu), social media, and community events. Further research will be focused on this outreach program with a goal of reducing the misuse of CRS by parents and care givers. The CChIPS Site at OSU, housed within the Injury Biomechanics Research Center (IBRC), brings together an interdisciplinary team of engineers, anatomists, physicians, and computer modelers who focus on both mechanisms of injury and injury thresholds of the human body. Until recently, the biomechanics research community did not have a deep understanding of the injury mechanisms and response of children and young adults to violent impacts experienced during a car crash. Child and adolescent crash test dummies used to estimate the severity of injury in such populations assumed that children and young adults were smaller versions of adults, thus making it difficult to improve protection for children in automobile crashes.

根据美国疾病控制中心 (CDC) 最新发布的数据，意外伤害是 1 至 24 岁人群的第一大死因。 对于这些年龄段来说，车祸是意外伤害死亡的主要原因。 尽管最近车祸安全性有所改善，但这些数字表明需要继续研究车祸中儿童的安全，因此也需要继续建立儿童伤害预防研究中心 (CCHiPS)。 CChIPS 主要关注机动车碰撞事故。 在美国，每年有超过 1,500,000 名儿童发生机动车碰撞事故，其中近 1,200 名儿童受到致命伤害，而超过 169,000 名儿童受到非致命伤害，导致青少年生产力大幅下降。 CChIPS 通过赛前研究以及将工程、行为和流行病学研究成果转化为商业应用、干预措施、政策和预防公共教育计划来促进儿童安全。伤害预防包括将能量暴露减少到低于人类耐受极限的水平，并在发生伤害时对其进行管理。成人解决方案不适合那些已经不是小成人的儿童——从生物力学、发育和行为角度来看，解决方案需要进行巨大的改变以适应生长和发育。 CChIPS 进行的研究发表在领先的科学和工程期刊和会议上，研究结果被认为对了解儿童、青少年和年轻人如何受伤以及如何最好地保护他们的知识具有变革性。 儿童伤害预防研究中心 (CChIPS) 是美国唯一一个专注于儿童伤害预防的 IUCCRC，特别关注车祸造成的伤害。 CChIPS 的使命是通过开展针对儿童、青少年和年轻人伤害的研究，并将研究结果转化为商业应用、干预措施、政策和公共教育计划来预防，从而提高儿童、青少年和年轻人的安全。 俄亥俄州 CCHiPS 站点的技术重点将特别强调两个领域：(1) 碰撞测试假人开发 (2) 公共教育和推广。 碰撞测试假人是制造商用来设计和测试儿童约束系统（CRS）的重要安全工具，因此持续改进假人至关重要。 OSU 站点的主要重点将是继续协助提高假人预测乘员安全的能力，这将有助于为我们的儿童和青少年开发更好的 CRS。 不幸的是，根据研究显示，高达 75% 的座椅安装不当，改进 CRS 带来的好处可能会丧失。俄勒冈州立大学 CChIPS 网站启动了一项公共宣传和教育计划，旨在向家长和看护者转化研究成果并提高儿童乘客安全。这项倡议被称为“与布鲁图斯一起系好安全带”。通过其网站 (http://www.buckleup.osu.edu)、社交媒体和社区活动提供正确的汽车座椅使用信息。 进一步的研究将集中于该外展计划，目标是减少家长和护理人员对 CRS 的滥用。 俄勒冈州立大学的 CChIPS 站点位于损伤生物力学研究中心 (IBRC) 内，汇集了由工程师、解剖学家、医生和计算机建模师组成的跨学科团队，他们专注于人体损伤机制和损伤阈值。直到最近，生物力学研究界还没有深入了解儿童和年轻人对车祸期间遭受的暴力冲击的伤害机制和反应。用于估计此类人群受伤严重程度的儿童和青少年碰撞测试假人假设儿童和年轻人是成年人的较小版本，因此很难在汽车碰撞中改善对儿童的保护。

项目成果

Evaluation of Harness Tightening Procedures for Child Restraint System (CRS) Sled Testing

儿童约束系统 (CRS) 雪橇测试的安全带紧固程序评估

• DOI: 10.4271/2019-01-0617
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: SAE Technical Paper Series
• 作者: Mansfield, Julie;Baker, Gretchen;Bolte, John
• 通讯作者: Bolte, John

Top tether effectiveness during side impacts

侧面碰撞时系绳的最佳有效性

• DOI: 10.1080/15389588.2017.1397643
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Traffic Injury Prevention
• 影响因子: 2
• 作者: Majstorovic, Jordan;Bing, Julie;Dahle, Eric;Bolte, John;Kang, Yun-Seok
• 通讯作者: Kang, Yun-Seok

Repeatability testing of a new Hybrid III 6-year-old ATD lower extremity

新型 Hybrid III 6 年 ATD 下肢的重复性测试

• DOI: 10.1080/15389588.2017.1318211
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Traffic Injury Prevention
• 影响因子: 2
• 作者: Boucher, Laura C.;Ryu, Yeonsu;Kang, Yun-Seok;Bolte, John H.
• 通讯作者: Bolte, John H.

The Roles of Vehicle Seat Cushion Stiffness and Length in Child Restraint System (CRS) Performance

汽车座垫刚度和长度在儿童约束系统 (CRS) 性能中的作用

• DOI: 10.4271/2020-01-0977
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: SAE Technical Paper Series
• 作者: Mansfield, Julie;Kwon, HyunJung;Kang, Yun-Seok
• 通讯作者: Kang, Yun-Seok

Effect of automated versus manual emergency braking on rear seat adult and pediatric occupant precrash motion

• DOI: 10.1080/15389588.2019.1630734
• 发表时间: 2019-06-12
• 期刊: TRAFFIC INJURY PREVENTION
• 影响因子: 2
• 作者: Graci, Valentina;Douglas, Ethan;Arbogast, Kristy B.
• 通讯作者: Arbogast, Kristy B.