Collaborative Research: A Resilience-based Seismic Design Methodology for Tall Wood Buildings

合作研究：基于弹性的高层木结构抗震设计方法

• 批准号: 1634204
• 负责人: Jeffrey Berman
• 金额: $ 19万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1634204&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Resilience; based; Seismic

As the U.S. population continues to grow in urban communities, the demand for tall residential and mixed-use buildings in the range of eight to twenty stories continues to increase. Buildings in this height range are commonly built using concrete or steel. A recent new timber structural innovation, known as cross laminated timber (CLT), was developed in western Europe and is now being implemented around the world as a sustainable and low carbon-footprint alternative to conventional structural materials for tall buildings. However, an accepted and validated design method for tall CLT buildings to resist earthquakes has not yet been developed, and therefore construction of these tall wood buildings in the United States has been limited. This research will break this barrier by investigating a seismic design methodology for resilient tall wood buildings that can be immediately re-occupied following a design level earthquake and quickly repaired (compared to current building systems) after a large earthquake. Using the seismic design methodology developed in this project, the research team will work with practitioners across the engineering and architectural communities to design, build, and validate the performance of a ten-story wood building by conducting full-scale sub-assembly system testing at the National Science Foundation (NSF)-supported Natural Hazards Engineering Research Infrastructure (NHERI) experimental facility at Lehigh University, followed by full-scale tests at the NSF-supported NHERI outdoor shake table at the University of California at San Diego. This research will enable a new sustainable construction practice that is also cost-competitive, thereby increasing demands for engineered wood production, providing added value for forest resources, and enhancing job growth in the construction and forestry sectors. As part of the research, the experimental programs will serve to provide outreach to the public and stakeholders on issues related to seismic hazard mitigation, modern timber engineering, and resilient building concepts.The goal of this research is to investigate and validate a seismic design methodology for tall wood buildings that incorporates high performance structural and non-structural systems. The methodology will quantitatively account for building resilience. This will be accomplished through a series of research tasks planned over a four-year period. These tasks will include mechanistic modeling of tall wood buildings with several variants of post-tensioned rocking CLT wall systems, fragility modeling of structural and non-structural building components that affect resilience, full-scale bi-directional testing of building sub-assembly systems, development of a resilience-based seismic design methodology, and finally a series of full-scale shake table tests of a ten-story CLT building specimen to validate the investigated design. The structural systems investigated will include post-tensioned CLT rocking walls in both monolithic and segmental rocking configurations. Implementing segmental rocking walls in a full building system will be a transformative concept that has yet to be realized physically. The rocking wall systems will be investigated under the context of holistic building behavior, including gravity systems and non-structural components. The research team will further push the boundary of existing performance-based seismic design by developing a design procedure that explicitly considers the time needed for the building to resume functionality after an earthquake. With the large-scale testing capacity provided by the NHERI experimental facilities, the design methodology will be experimentally validated, which will at the same time generate a landmark data set for tall wood buildings under dynamic loading that will be available to the broader research and practitioner community through the NHERI DesignSafe-ci.org Data Depot. The project will facilitate implementation of this new structural archetype by interfacing closely with practitioners in the Pacific Northwest interested in tall CLT buildings as a cost-competitive design option. Graduate and undergraduate students, including community college students, will actively participate in this research and gain valuable knowledge and experience, which will prepare them to become leaders in sustainable building practices using modern engineered wood materials.

随着美国人口在城市社区的不断增长，对八到二十层范围内的高层住宅和综合用途建筑的需求继续增加。 该高度范围内的建筑物通常是使用混凝土或钢建造的。 最近在西欧开发了一种新的新木结构创新，称为跨层压木材（CLT），现在正在世界各地实施，是一种可持续且低的碳足迹替代品，可替代高大建筑的常规结构材料。但是，尚未开发出一种公认和经过验证的设计方法来抵抗地震，因此在美国建造了这些高木建筑的建造受到限制。这项研究将通过调查一种弹性高木建筑的地震设计方法来打破这一障碍，在设计水平地震后可以立即重新占用，并在大地震发生后迅速修复（与当前的建筑系统相比）。使用该项目开发的地震设计方法，研究团队将与整个工程和建筑社区的从业人员合作，通过在进行全面的子组件测试来设计，构建和验证十层木材建筑的性能国家科学基金会（NSF）支持的自然危害工程研究基础设施（NHERI）在Lehigh University的实验设施，随后在加利福尼亚大学圣地亚哥分校的NSF支持的NHERI户外奶昔桌上进行全面测试。这项研究将使一种新的可持续建筑实践也具有成本竞争力，从而增加了对工程木材生产的需求，为森林资源提供了额外的价值，并增强了建筑和林业领域的工作增长。作为研究的一部分，实验计划将有助于向公众和利益相关者提供与地震危险，现代木材工程和弹性建筑概念有关的问题。该研究的目的是调查和验证一种地震设计方法论对于结合高性能结构和非结构系统的高层木结构。该方法将定量解释建筑弹性。这将通过在四年内计划的一系列研究任务来完成。这些任务将包括对高大木质建筑的机械建模，并具有几种张紧后摇摆的CLT墙系统的变体，影响弹性的结构和非结构建筑组件的脆弱性建模，这些组件影响弹性，全尺度的双向测试，建筑物子配置系统，开发基于弹性的地震设计方法，最后是一系列十层CLT建筑标本的全尺度摇桌测试，以验证研究的设计。所研究的结构系统将包括整体和分段摇动构型的后CLT摇摆壁。 在完整的建筑系统中实现节圈墙壁将是一个变革性的概念，尚未实现。摇摆壁系统将在整体建筑行为的背景下进行研究，包括重力系统和非结构组件。研究团队将通过开发一个设计程序，从而明确考虑建筑物在地震后恢复功能所需的时间，从而进一步推动现有基于绩效的地震设计的边界。借助NHERI实验设施提供的大规模测试能力，设计方法将进行实验验证，同时，该方法将在动态载荷下为高大的木材建筑物生成具有里程碑意义的数据集，可用于更广泛的研究和实践者通过NHERI DesignSafe-ci.org数据仓库进行社区。该项目将通过与对高个子CLT建筑物感兴趣的太平洋西北地区的从业人员紧密接触，以促进这种新的结构原型的实施。包括社区大学生在内的研究生和本科生将积极参与这项研究并获得宝贵的知识和经验，这将使他们准备使用现代工程木材材料成为可持续建筑实践的领导者。

项目成果

Simplified Dynamic Model for Post‐tensioned Cross‐laminated Timber Rocking Walls

后张法交叉层压木摇墙的简化动力模型

• DOI: 10.1002/eqe.3378
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics
• 影响因子: 4.5
• 作者: Pei, S.;Huang, D.;Berman, J. W.;Wichman, S. K.
• 通讯作者: Wichman, S. K.

Experimental Seismic Response of a Resilient 2-Story Mass-Timber Building with Post-Tensioned Rocking Walls

• DOI: 10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0002382
• 发表时间: 2019-11-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
• 影响因子: 4.1
• 作者: Pei, Shiling;van de Lindt, John W.;Wichman, Sarah
• 通讯作者: Wichman, Sarah

Time-to-Functionality Fragilities for Performance Assessment of Buildings

• DOI: 10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0003195
• 发表时间: 2021-12
• 期刊: Journal of Structural Engineering
• 影响因子: 4.1
• 作者: J. Furley;J. W. van de Lindt;S. Pei;S. Wichman;Hamed Hasani;J. Berman;K. Ryan;J. Daniel Dolan;R. Zimmerman;E. McDonnell

Experimental investigation and numerical modeling of rocking cross laminated timber walls on a flexible foundation

柔性基础上摇摆交叉层压木墙的实验研究和数值模拟

• DOI: 10.1002/eqe.3634
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Earthquake Engineering & Structural Dynamics
• 影响因子: 4.5
• 作者: Wichman, Sarah;Berman, Jeffrey W.;Pei, Shiling
• 通讯作者: Pei, Shiling

System Identification of UCSD-NHERI Shake-Table Test of Two-Story Structure with Cross-Laminated Timber Rocking Walls

• DOI: 10.1061/(asce)st.1943-541x.0002938
• 发表时间: 2021-04-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF STRUCTURAL ENGINEERING
• 影响因子: 4.1
• 作者: Mugabo, Ignace;Barbosa, Andre R.;Berman, Jeffrey W.
• 通讯作者: Berman, Jeffrey W.