Enhancements to the OOI Cabled Array at Axial Seamount

轴向海山 OOI 电缆阵列的增强

• 批准号: 1634150
• 负责人: William Chadwick
• 金额: $ 17.81万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-15 至 2018-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1634150&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Enhancements; OOI; Cabled; Array; Axial

Part of the Ocean Observatories Initiative (OOI) is a cabled observatory in the northeast Pacific Ocean that extends offshore to Axial Seamount, an active submarine volcano that has frequent eruptions, hydrothermal vent fields, and unique deep-sea ecosystems. Because it is so active and accessible, Axial Seamount has been a long-term study site and monitoring has revealed a cycle of volcano inflation and deflation that has been used to forecast eruptions with increasing accuracy. This project will enhance the OOI Cabled Array at Axial Seamount by adding instruments with the capability to detect changes in hydrothermal output in the summit caldera, and to ground movements at the volcano, which will in turn improve eruption forecasts. These enhancements to the monitoring effort at Axial Seamount will help to increase our understanding of magma storage systems at active volcanoes, the processes that lead to and trigger eruptions, and the impacts of submarine eruptions on hydrothermal systems and the deep-sea ecosystems they sustain. A teacher will participate on the research cruise to deploy the instruments, and the teacher will interact with classrooms before, during, and after the research cruise. Public lectures at the Hatfield Marine Science Visitor Center in Newport, OR will include results from this project. The 2015 eruption at Axial Seamount was the first detected in real time by the OOI Cabled Array. Although it captured the event in unprecedented detail, it also showed that there are some key observations missing from the instrument network that limited understanding of the eruption and its consequences. This project will make the following targeted and timely additions to the cabled observatory: (1) one new seafloor CTD (Conductivity, Temperature, Depth) instrument to add critical salinity measurements, which are currently lacking but are needed to test the hypothesis that hydrothermal brine is released from the crust during seafloor eruptions, and (2) one bottom pressure/tilt instrument that has already been built and paid for. In addition, four autonomous (non-cabled) miniature pressure recorders will be built and an acoustic release transducer will be purchased to be used on an existing autonomous bottom pressure recording mooring. These instruments will enhance the spatial and temporal monitoring of volcanic deformation of the seafloor and the modeling of its causes in the subsurface.

海洋天文台的一部分倡议（OOI）是东北太平洋的一个有线天文台，可在近海延伸至轴向海拔，这是一种频繁喷发，热液通风田和独特的深海生态系统的活跃海底火山。 由于它是如此的活跃和可访问，因此轴向海山一直是一个长期的研究地点，并且监测揭示了火山通货膨胀和放气的循环，该循环已用于预测准确性的爆发。 该项目将通过添加具有检测峰顶火山口水热输出变化的仪器以及在火山的地面运动的能力来增强轴向海山的OOI有线阵列，这又可以改善喷发预测。 这些对轴向海山监测工作的增强能力将有助于提高我们对活跃火山的岩浆存储系统的理解，导致和触发喷发的过程以及海底喷发对水热系统以及它们所维持的深海生态系统的影响。一位老师将参加研究巡游以部署乐器，教师将在研究巡游之前，之中和之后与教室互动。 在纽波特的Hatfield海洋科学游客中心举行的公开演讲，或将包括该项目的结果。 OOI Cabled阵列实时检测到2015年的轴向海山爆发。 尽管它以空前的细节捕获了该事件，但也表明，仪器网络中缺少一些关键观察结果，这些观察限制了对喷发及其后果的理解。 This project will make the following targeted and timely additions to the cabled observatory: (1) one new seafloor CTD (Conductivity, Temperature, Depth) instrument to add critical salinity measurements, which are currently lacking but are needed to test the hypothesis that hydrothermal brine is released from the crust during seafloor eruptions, and (2) one bottom pressure/tilt instrument that has already been built and paid for.此外，还将建造四个自动（非脱甲）微型压力记录仪，并将购买一个声音释放传感器，以在现有的自动底压录制系泊台上使用。 这些仪器将增强海底火山变形的空间和时间监测及其在地下中其原因的建模。