Pilotstudie zur Evolution jungpaläozoischer Insekten im Souss-Becken, Marokko

摩洛哥苏斯盆地上古生代昆虫进化的初步研究

• 批准号: 225147387
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Jörg W. Schneider
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Départment de Géologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2011-12-31 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/225147387?language=en
• 关键词: Pilotstudie; zur; Evolution; jungpal; ozoischer

The insect-biostratigraphy has proven as one of the most precise methods for the subdivision and correlation of Late Palaeozoic terrestrial deposits in Europe and Nord America. The method is based on the temporal sequence of colour patterns on the wings of blattid insects (cockroaches), family Spiloblattinidae. They are regarded as chrono-species and used for the definition of the insect-biozones. Unfortunately, basic question regarding the palaeobiology and evolution remain completely open so far. These essentially concern the kind of evolutionary processes, areal dynamics of genera and species in Euramerica (palaeobiogeography and migration pattern) as well as the palecology (synecology) of spiloblattinids, i.e. the relationships to the whole entomofauna and to the flora as well. In this pilot-study of a larger future project the 1,200 m thick profile of unusual insect-rich Carboniferous deposits of the Souss basin in Morocco should be analysed whether it is suitable to test the following alternative hypothesis in regard to the abovementioned basiuc questions:Hypothesis 1: Are the changes in the colour pattern a continuous process in respect of phyletic evolution or anagenesis/gradualism respectively of chronoclines of single forms which must regarded as long living biospecies, or is it alternatively punctualism?Hypothesis 2: Is the chronological sequence of changing colour pattern (controlled by genetic factors) in the whole euramerican distribution area isochronous or appear similar colour pattern in different regions at different times?Hypothesis 3: Collection of insects in the Souss basin has so far delivered solely blattids, among them dominating xeromorphic opsiomylacrids. Is it a sampling bias or is it a taphonomic effect or is it caused by the still pronounced differentiation of lowland/upland or coastal/inland entomofaunas?In the Central European Carboniferous and Permian basins insect-containing horizons are only sporadically intercalated in several thousand meters thick profiles. Calculated on isotopic ages horizons with spiloblattinids follow one another with about 500,000 y to 1 My. In this sequence zone-species show distinctly pronounced different colour pattern. The insect bearing sediments of the Souss basin have a thickness of 1,200 m. Sedimentation rates of 2 to 5 mm per year assumed, this profile represent about 250,000 to 600,000 years. Insects have already been found in the lowermost and uppermost parts of the profile. The dense sequence of lake horizons will allow for continuous sampling of spiloblattinids. Based on that it will be possible, to determine the way of colour pattern changes through time. On the whole, a significant contribution to the evolution of Late Palaeozoic insects and of here environments, to evolution theories and to the methodology of biostratigraphy in terrestrial sequences could be expected.

昆虫生物地层学已被证明是欧洲和北美晚古生代陆地沉积物细分和对比的最精确方法之一。该方法基于 Spiloblattinidae 科昆虫（蟑螂）翅膀上颜色图案的时间顺序。它们被视为时间物种并用于昆虫生物区的定义。不幸的是，迄今为止，有关古生物学和进化的基本问题仍然完全悬而未决。这些本质上涉及欧美属和种的进化过程类型、区域动态（古生物地理学和迁徙模式）以及spiloblattinids的古生态学（synecology），即与整个昆虫动物群和植物区系的关系。在这项未来更大项目的试点研究中，应分析摩洛哥苏斯盆地 1,200 m 厚的异常富含昆虫的石炭纪沉积物剖面是否适合检验以下关于上述基本问题的替代假设：假设1：颜色图案的变化是否是单一形式的年代演化（必须被视为长寿生物种）的系统进化或发育/渐进的连续过程，或者是还是守时主义？假设2：整个欧美分布区颜色图案变化（受遗传因素控制）的时间顺序是等时的还是不同地区不同时间出现相似的颜色图案？假设3：苏斯盆地昆虫的采集有到目前为止，仅产生蜚蠊，其中占主导地位的旱形opsiomylacrids。这是采样偏差还是埋藏效应，还是由低地/高地或沿海/内陆昆虫动物区系仍然明显的分化引起的？在中欧石炭纪和二叠纪盆地，含有昆虫的地层仅零星地插入几千米内厚型材。 根据同位素年龄计算，Spiloblattinids 的年龄范围依次为 500,000 y 至 1 My。在这个序列中，区域物种显示出明显不同的颜色图案。苏斯盆地的昆虫沉积物厚度为 1,200 m。假设每年的沉积速度为 2 至 5 毫米，该剖面代表约 250,000 至 600,000 年。在剖面的最下部和最上部已经发现了昆虫。密集的湖面序列将允许对 Spiloblattinids 进行连续采样。在此基础上，可以确定颜色图案随时间变化的方式。 总体而言，预计将对晚古生代昆虫和这里环境的进化、进化理论和陆地序列生物地层学方法做出重大贡献。

项目成果

Phyloblattidae and Compsoblattidae (Insecta, Blattodea) from the late Carboniferous Souss basin, Morocco

摩洛哥晚石炭世苏斯盆地的Phyloblattidae 和 Compsoblattidae（昆虫纲，Blattodea）

• DOI: 10.1017/jpa.2019.20
• 发表时间: 2019-09-01
• 期刊: Journal of Paleontology
• 影响因子: 1.4
• 作者: Abouchouaib Belahmira;J. Schneider;F. Scholze;H. Saber
• 通讯作者: H. Saber

The most ancient roach (Blattodea): a new genus and species from the earliest Late Carboniferous (Namurian) of China, with a discussion of the phylomorphogeny of early blattids

最古老的蟑螂（蜚蠊总科）：来自中国最早的晚石炭世（纳穆尔纪）的一个新属和新种，并讨论早期蜚蠊的系统发育

• DOI: 10.1080/14772019.2011.634443
• 发表时间: 2013-01-01
• 期刊: Journal of Systematic Palaeontology
• 影响因子: 2.6
• 作者: Zhijun Zhang;J. Schneider;Youchong Hong
• 通讯作者: Youchong Hong

Late Carboniferous Tetrapod Footprints from the Souss Basin, Western High Atlas Mountains, Morocco

摩洛哥高阿特拉斯山脉西部苏斯盆地的晚石炭世四足动物足迹

• DOI: 10.1080/10420940.2017.1320284
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Ichnos
• 影响因子: 0.8
• 作者: Lagnaoui; Abdelouahed;Voigt; Sebastian;Belahmira; Abouchouaib;Saber; Hafid;Klein; Hendrik;Hminna; Abdelkbir;Schneider; Joerg W.
• 通讯作者: Joerg W.

The Early Permian age of the Dunkard Group, Appalachian basin, U.S.A., based on spiloblattinid insect biostratigraphy

基于 Spiloblattinid 昆虫生物地层学的美国阿巴拉契亚盆地邓卡德群的早二叠纪时代

• DOI: 10.1016/j.coal.2013.07.019
• 发表时间: 2013
• 期刊: International Journal of Coal Geology
• 影响因子: 5.6
• 作者: Schneider; J.W.; Lucas; S.G.; Barrick; J.E.
• 通讯作者: J.E.

ANTHRACOBLATTINA MENDESI PINTO ET SEDOR (BLATTODEA, PHYLOBLATTIDAE): THE MOST COMPLETELY PRESERVED SOUTH AMERICAN PALAEOZOIC COCKROACH

ANTHRACOLBLATTINA MENDESI PINTO ET SEDOR（蜚蠊总科，叶蠊科）：保存最完整的南美古生代蟑螂

• DOI: 10.4072/rbp.2016.2.03
• 发表时间: 2016
• 期刊: Revista Brasileira De Paleontologia
• 影响因子: 0.7
• 作者: Ricetti; J.H.Z.; Schneider; J.W.; Iannuzzi; R.; & Weinschütz; L.C.
• 通讯作者: L.C.