U.S. ATLAS Operations: Discovery and Measurement at the Energy Frontier

美国 ATLAS 运营：能源前沿的发现和测量

• 批准号: 1624739
• 负责人: John Hobbs
• 金额: $ 5475万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Stony Brook
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Cooperative Agreement
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2017-02-01 至 2023-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1624739&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: U.S.; ATLAS; Operations; Discovery; Measurement

Researchers in high energy physics seek to understand the fundamental nature of matter and the basic forces through which it interacts. One way they do this is by observing what happens when counter-rotating beams of protons collide. The characteristics of the debris produced in the collisions can reveal the basic physics of fundamental particles and the forces between them. Highly sophisticated particle detectors and analysis methods are required to measure these characteristics. NSF provides funding to US researchers to conduct research in experimental high energy physics using the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC), the world?s premier laboratory for this research. In addition to directly supporting research activities, NSF will provide, via this award, funding to twelve US universities to maintain the operation of US-supplied components of the ATLAS detector and its supporting software and computing systems, carry out technical planning and development that will enable future enhancements to ATLAS?s detection capabilities, and promote science education and outreach. The Large Hadron Collider is located at the European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN) near Geneva Switzerland.US participation in ATLAS will stimulate the development of a scientific and technically educated workforce, advancing the multidisciplinary application of technology, and the popularization and dissemination of science to the general public. The award will support activities that provide opportunities to develop and maintain complex detector apparatus, custom analog and digital electronics and software systems for data management, data processing and technical analysis. Technical professionals are required to perform many of these tasks, increasing the expertise of the US work force. The operation of existing detector components, design of upgrade components, and related research activities create opportunities for interdisciplinary collaboration among university physics personnel, university personnel in engineering departments, and physics department technical personnel as physicists, electrical engineers, mechanical engineers and computer scientists work with post-docs and students. Similarly, physics personnel will work closely with computing professionals at their home institutions and at national laboratories to support the various software and computing activities.Technical part: This award supports the development and operation of the instrumentation and analysis tools that are essential to studying debris from proton-proton collisions. These tools are essential for answering basic, foundational questions, such as ?What is the origin of mass of the elementary particles?? The Higgs Boson discovery, a physical manifestation of the mechanism that generates elementary particle masses, led to the 2013 Physics Nobel Prize that was awarded to Peter Higgs and Francois Englert. Is that the end of the story, or are there other, as-of-yet undiscovered, contributions to this process? Other fundamental questions, equally important, may have answers that depend, at least in part, on the physics observed through the continued operation and analysis of data obtained from the LHC. ?What is the dark matter that accounts for 25% of the mass of the universe? Can dark matter be produced and observed at the LHC? Can evidence of extra dimensions predicted in some models be found at LHC energies? Are there particles with exotic properties, unlike any forms of matter observed so far, whose existence is predicted by some theories that extend the standard model of elementary particles?? In each case, answering the question requires the aggregation of large amounts of data from which to draw meaningful statistical inferences.

高能量物理学的研究人员试图了解物质的基本性质及其相互作用的基本力量。他们这样做的一种方法是观察当反向旋转质子碰撞时会发生什么。碰撞中产生的碎屑的特征可以揭示基本颗粒的基本物理及其之间的力。需要高度复杂的粒子探测器和分析方法来衡量这些特征。 NSF向美国研究人员提供资金，以使用大型强子对撞机（LHC）的ATLAS探测器进行实验性高能物理学研究，这是全世界的这项研究的主要实验室。除了直接支持研究活动外，NSF还将通过该奖项向美国十二所大学提供资金，以维持ATLAS探测器及其支持软件和计算系统的美国供烟满组件的运作，并执行技术计划和开发，以实现未来增强Atlas的探测能力，促进科学教育和促进科学教育和促进科学教育和促进科学教育和促进。大型强子对撞机位于瑞士日内瓦附近的欧洲核研究组织（CERN）。US参与地图集将刺激科学和技术受过教育的劳动力的发展，推进技术的多学科应用，以及将科学的普及和传播给公众。该奖项将支持提供机会开发和维护复杂探测器设备，自定义模拟和数字电子系统以及用于数据管理，数据处理和技术分析的软件系统的活动。需要技术专业人员执行许多此类任务，以增加美国劳动力的专业知识。现有探测器组件，升级组件的设计和相关研究活动的运作为大学物理人员，工程部门的大学人员以及物理部门技术人员作为物理学家，电气工程师，机械工程师和计算机科学家与后室和学生合作，为跨学科的合作提供了机会。同样，物理人员将与家庭机构和国家实验室的计算专业人员紧密合作，以支持各种软件和计算活动。技术部分：该奖项支持仪器和分析工具的开发和操作，这些工具和分析工具对于研究Proton Proton-Proton碰撞的碎屑至关重要。这些工具对于回答基本的基本问题至关重要，例如？基本粒子质量的起源是什么？希格斯玻色子发现是产生基本粒子质量的机制的物理表现，导致了2013年诺贝尔奖，该奖项颁发给了彼得·希格斯（Peter Higgs）和弗朗索瓦·恩格特（Francois Englert）。这是故事的结尾，还是其他尚未发现的贡献？ 同样重要的其他基本问题可能具有答案，至少部分取决于通过继续操作和从LHC获得的数据分析所观察到的物理学。 ？占宇宙质量的25％的暗物质是什么？可以在LHC上产​​生和观察到暗物质吗？在某些模型中，可以在LHC能量发现某些模型中预测的额外维度的证据吗？是否存在具有异国特性的颗粒，与迄今为止观察到的任何形式的物质不同，其存在是由某些扩展基本颗粒的标准模型的理论预测的？ 在每种情况下，回答问题都需要大量数据汇总，以从中提取有意义的统计推断。