Collaborative Research: Nucleation of Calcium Phosphate Biomaterials

合作研究：磷酸钙生物材料的成核

• 批准号: 1608545
• 负责人: Young-Shin Jun
• 金额: $ 30万
• 依托单位: Washington University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1608545&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Nucleation; Calcium; Phosphate

Non-technical: These collaborative awards funded by the Biomaterials program of the Division of Materials Research to Washington University in St. Louis and Columbia University will investigate calcium phosphate (CaP) based biomineral formation under physiological conditions. A better understanding of real-time CaP mineral formation on collagen is required for treating mineralization-related bone pathologies, in enhancing bone regeneration, and in improving tendon-to-bone healing. Thus, the findings from the project will be important in understanding the compatibility and strength of bioactive bone and tendon-to-bone interfaces. In addition, the project will provide key information in remediating pathologic bone formation. The results will also be broadly applicable in the bio-mineralization field and will be of interest to investigators studying fundamental processes and developing regenerative medicine applications (e.g., in vitro synthesis of artificial bone materials). Furthermore, transformative knowledge obtained from this work will be applicable in many biological, medical, industrial, geological, and environmental processes. The proposed education and outreach plan will also provide educational and research opportunities for middle school, high school, undergraduate and graduate students, while simultaneously encouraging the participation and educational stimulation of students from traditionally underrepresented groups. The project team will collaborate with middle school teachers in the St. Louis area and outreach educators at Washington University's Institute for School Partnership (ISP), and in New York City area. The team will develop workshops and free educational kits on crystal formation, and provide insight into the relevance of the experiments for bone formation. The educational kits will be available for teachers in the Greater St. Louis area, and listed on the ISP website for better dissemination.Technical: This collaborative project will examine the initial nucleation and growth of calcium phosphate (CaP) bio-minerals within collagen fibrils, with consideration of the multiple length scales involved (i.e., macroscale extra-fibrillar structures and nanoscale intra-fibrillar regions). Using synchrotron-based in situ real-time small angle X-ray scattering, the work for the first time, will provide quantitative information on particle dimensions and volumes, nucleation rates, and interfacial free energies between CaP nuclei and collagen fibrils at nucleation sites. In situ wide angle X-ray scattering and high resolution X-ray pair-distribution functions will examine the kinetics of multiple CaP crystallization pathways, involving both classical and non-classical nucleation behaviors, depending on the sequence of mineralization at multiple nucleation sites. Once a better understanding of nucleation kinetics and mechanisms at different nucleation sites is achieved, the project will study the consequent mechanical properties of the final products of collagen-CaP composites. By developing a novel structure-function relationship model, the project can provide a guideline for the development of better biomaterials. The technical impacts of the project encompass both fundamental scientific discovery and applications for mineralized biomaterials.

非技术性：这些合作奖由圣路易斯华盛顿大学材料研究部生物材料计划资助，将在生理条件下调查基于磷酸钙（CAP）的生物矿物质形成。需要更好地了解胶原蛋白上的实时帽矿物质形成，以治疗与矿物质相关的骨骼病理，增强骨骼再生以及改善肌腱对骨骼愈合。因此，该项目的发现对于理解生物活性骨和肌腱对骨界面的兼容性和强度至关重要。此外，该项目将为修复病理性骨形成的关键信息。结果也将广泛适用于生物矿化领域，研究人员研究基本过程并开发再生医学应用（例如，人造骨料的体外合成）。此外，从这项工作中获得的变革性知识将适用于许多生物学，医学，工业，地质和环境过程。 拟议的教育和外展计划还将为中学，高中，本科和研究生提供教育和研究机会，同时鼓励传统上代表性不足的群体的学生的参与和教育刺激。项目团队将与圣路易斯地区的中学教师以及华盛顿大学学校合作伙伴研究所（ISP）和纽约市地区的外展教育家合作。该团队将开发有关晶体形成的研讨会和免费的教育套件，并洞悉实验与骨形成的相关性。教育套件将适用于大圣路易斯地区的教师，并在ISP网站上列出以进行更好的传播。技术：该协作项目将研究胶原纤维中磷酸钙（CAP）生物矿物的初始成核和生长，并考虑了涉及的多个长度尺度（即，跨越元素）的元素 - 元素 - 元素 - 元素元素和元素。使用基于同步加速器的原位实时小角度X射线散射（首次工作）将提供有关粒子尺寸和体积，成核速率以及cap核和胶原纤维纤维纤维之间的界面自由能的定量信息。原位广角X射线散射和高分辨率X射线配对分布函数将检查多个CAP结晶途径的动力学，涉及经典和非经典成核行为，取决于多种成核位点的矿化序列。一旦可以更好地了解不同成核位点的成核动力学和机制，该项目将研究胶原蛋白CAP复合材料的最终产物的机械性能。通过开发一种新型的结构功能关系模型，该项目可以为开发更好的生物材料提供指南。该项目的技术影响包括基本科学发现和矿化生物材料的应用。