SusChEM: Photothermally-Enabled Multifunctional Membranes for Improved Foulant Resistance during Reverse Osmosis

SusChEM：光热多功能膜可提高反渗透过程中的防垢能力

• 批准号: 1604542
• 负责人: Young-Shin Jun
• 金额: $ 32.68万
• 依托单位: Washington University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-01 至 2020-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1604542&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: SusChEM; Photothermally; Enabled; Multifunctional; Membranes

1604542JunFresh water demands of growing populations are driving the search for advanced membrane technologies for desalination and water reuse projects. The longevity of these membranes is strongly related to their resistance to fouling. In this work, the PIs will develop two new multifunctional membranes which have the potential to minimize fouling and, therefore, extend the lifetime of the membranes.The proposed photothermally-active nanostructure-enabled reverse osmosis membranes are highly innovative, potentially transformative, and, quite promising for water treatment. For the first time, gold (Au) nanostars- and chemically exfoliated-MoS2-enabled photothermally-active membranes will be tested for their bactericidal efficacy as well as their inorganic and organic fouling resistance. In particular, this work investigates the unexplored potential of inexpensive and earth-abundant MoS2 as a replacement for expensive materials to achieve water sustainability. Because chemically exfoliated-MoS2 is a highly promising 2D optical and electronic material, new information about water chemically exfoliated-MoS2 interfacial reactions will also help design safer and more sustainable nanomaterials. Furthermore, the proposed research will elucidate scientific principles underlying the in situ nucleation and growth of gold (Au) nanostars and their photothermal effects on membranes. It will define the substrates and nanostructures surface chemistry (i.e., their chemical nature, surface charge, hydrophilicity, and morphology) in highly saline solutions. These lessons can also advance our understanding of the complex fouling behavior of other membrane systems. In addition, the wide array of nanoscale characterization techniques for nanostructures in solution and on substrate surfaces can lead to novel synthetic routes for size- and shape-controlled nanomaterials. Creating unique nanostructures that can be light-activated to maximize bactericidal functionality is an innovative and transformative approach towards addressing a major global challenge. The proposed teaching and outreach plan will provide educational and research opportunities for middle school, undergraduate, and graduate students.

1604542JUNFRESH对种群的水需求正在推动寻找淡化和水再利用项目的先进膜技术。这些膜的寿命与它们对污染的抵抗力密切相关。在这项工作中，PI将开发两个新的多功能膜，这些膜有可能最大程度地减少污垢，因此可以延长膜的寿命。拟议的光热纳米结构的反向渗透膜具有很高的创新性，潜在的转化性，并且可以进行水处理。第一次，将测试黄金（AU）纳米级和化学去角质的MOS2光热膜，以测试其杀菌疗效及其无机和有机结垢的耐药性。特别是，这项工作调查了廉价和地球丰富的MOS2的未开发潜力，以替代昂贵的材料，以实现水的可持续性。由于化学去角质的MOS2是一种高度有希望的2D光学和电子材料，因此有关水化学剥落的MOS2界面反应的新信息也将有助于设计更安全，更可持续的纳米材料。此外，拟议的研究将阐明金（AU）纳米级的原位成核和生长及其对膜的光热影响的基础科学原理。它将在高盐水溶液中定义底物和纳米结构表面化学（即它们的化学性质，表面电荷，亲水性和形态）。这些课程还可以提高我们对其他膜系统复杂的犯规行为的理解。此外，在溶液和底物表面上针对纳米结构的纳米级表征技术广泛可导致大小和形状控制的纳米材料的新型合成路线。创建可以光激活以最大化杀菌功能的独特纳米结构是解决全球重大挑战的一种创新和变革性的方法。拟议的教学和外展计划将为中学，本科生和研究生提供教育和研究机会。