Control of Rydberg Interactions and Exotic States of Matter

里德伯相互作用和奇异物质态的控制

• 批准号: 1607296
• 负责人: James Shaffer
• 金额: $ 47.29万
• 依托单位: University of Oklahoma Norman Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1607296&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Control; Rydberg; Interactions; Exotic; States

This award supports the study of an exotic type of atom (so-called "Rydberg atoms") in which an electron orbits the nucleus at an unusually large distance from the nucleus . The characteristics of these atoms can be changed by changing the orbit of the electron, making them "tunable." One of the most important properties of these atoms is that when the electron is excited to a very large-sized orbit using laser light, a Rydberg atom can interact with other Rydberg atoms at macroscopic distances, on the order of microns. The interaction range is over 1,000 times larger than for typical atom-atom interactions. These unique ultralong-range interactions have many uses in exploring fundamental aspects of quantum mechanics as well as applications that exploit the unique features of quantum mechanics that can be used for quantum engineering. For example, these interactions can be utilized to put collections of atoms into quantum mechanically entangled states, that is, states where the collection of atoms acts as a single "super atom" which interacts with light in an enhanced manner. These types of states have many uses in the area of quantum information science and quantum sensing. In this project, the group will investigate how to manipulate the interactions between Rydberg atoms with electric and magnetic fields in order to use them for quantum engineering and fundamental studies of quantum mechanics. They will study how magnetic and electric fields can be used to manipulate the topology of Rydberg atom-Rydberg atom interaction potentials. These interactions will be studied using multi-color excitation of Rydberg atoms at ultracold temperatures (T1mK), and quantitative comparisons between theory and experiments will be carried out. The topology of the potentials will be investigated in terms of gauge potentials. Dephasing rates of excited super atoms will be studied. Ground state atom- Rydberg atom molecules will also be studied. Cesium Rydberg atoms excited in an ultracold gas can be viewed as impurities to which an electron is bound. These artificial impurities can be used to investigate the physics of defect scattering in a controlled fashion which is particularly important in semiconductors. These studies can lead to investigations of highly correlated phenomena in quantum degenerate gases such as rotons, solitons and super solids.

该奖项支持对外来类型的原子（所谓的“ Rydberg Atoms”）的研究，其中电子在距离核异常距离距离的核绕核绕。可以通过更改电子轨道来改变这些原子的特征，从而使其“可调”。这些原子最重要的特性之一是，当电子使用激光光激发到非常大的轨道时，rydberg原子可以在微米的顺序与宏观距离的其他rydberg原子相互作用。相互作用范围比典型的原子 - 原子相互作用大于1000倍。这些独特的超级范围相互作用在探索量子力学的基本方面以及利用可用于量子工程的独特特征的应用中有很多用途。例如，这些相互作用可用于将原子集合放入机械纠缠的量子状态，即原子集合作为单个“超级原子”，以增强的方式与光相互作用。 这些类型的状态在量子信息科学和量子传感的领域有很多用途。在该项目中，该小组将研究如何操纵Rydberg原子与电场和磁场之间的相互作用，以便将其用于量子工程和量子力学的基本研究。他们将研究如何使用磁场和电场来操纵Rydberg Atom-Rydberg原子相互作用电位的拓扑。这些相互作用将使用在超低温度（T1MK）下的Rydberg原子的多色激发进行研究，并将进行理论与实验之间的定量比较。电拓的拓扑将根据量规电位进行研究。将研究激发的超级原子的脱粒率。也将研究基态原子原子分子。在超低气体中激发的剖宫产rydberg原子可以看作是电子结合的杂质。这些人造杂质可用于以受控方式调查缺陷散射的物理，这在半导体中尤为重要。这些研究可能导致对量子退化气体（例如旋转子，孤子子和超固体）中高度相关现象的研究。