Doctoral Dissertation Research: Residential Segregation and Policing Styles

博士论文研究：居住隔离和警务风格

• 批准号: 1602697
• 负责人: Pamela Oliver
• 金额: $ 1万
• 依托单位: University of Wisconsin-Madison
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-04-15 至 2018-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1602697&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Research; Residential; Segregation

Residential Segregation and Policing StylesThis project explores the processes by which different places, and thus people, come to experience fundamentally different styles of policing. It uses the case of a police department's project of redrawing its district boundaries in the context of a highly segregated Rust Belt city. In contrast to many redistricting efforts that aim to more evenly distribute urban service provision across a jurisdiction, this redistricting intended to concentrate distinct policing problems within the new districts. In so doing, it created more racially homogenous districts and opened the door for divergence in policing practices. This study examines the motivations for and consequences of this reform. It aims to expand our understanding of the varied roles that the police play in projects of social control and service provision by identifying the relational and socially constructed nature of policing priorities across the city. The research has the potential to inform policing and to improve relationships between police and the policed.The researcher describes the motivations for and consequences of the redistricting through a multi-method design that links the structural context of racial residential segregation to institutional priorities that in turn shape on-the-ground policing. First, the researcher will interview 80 stakeholders involved in or affected by the redistricting in order to identify the networks and interests that structured the redistricting process. Next, the researcher explores the current social organization of police work at the district-level through a year of ethnographic observation of two of the most affected districts. Finally, the researcher describes the intended and unintended consequences of the change through longitudinal analysis of calls for service data, arrest and citation data, crime data, and demographic data. In examining the relationship between residential segregation and policing styles, the researcher identifies the dynamics of policing that not only re-inscribe and maintain segregation boundaries, but reconstitute the nature of segregation by actively creating different kinds of spaces in the city. Thus, this research both contributes to sociology of crime, criminology and community studies but it also contributes to strengthening the relationship between police and the policed. It contributes to understanding how to change the processes that lead to the material and symbolic racial disparities that characterizes these relationships and attends to broader historical and institutional processes as well as mandates at the institutional level.

住宅隔离和警务风格该项目探讨了不同地方以及人们体验根本不同的警务风格的过程。它以警察局在高度隔离的铁锈地带城市背景下重新划定地区边界的项目为例。 与许多旨在在管辖范围内更均匀地分配城市服务提供的重新划分努力不同，这次重新划分旨在将不同的警务问题集中在新的地区内。 这样做，它创造了更多种族同质的地区，并为警务实践中的分歧打开了大门。 本研究探讨了这项改革的动机和后果。 它旨在通过确定整个城市警务优先事项的关系和社会建构性质，扩大我们对警察在社会控制和服务提供项目中发挥的各种作用的理解。这项研究有可能为警务工作提供信息，并改善警察与被警察之间的关系。研究人员通过多种方法设计描述了重新划分选区的动机和后果，该设计将种族居住隔离的结构背景与制度优先事项联系起来，反过来塑造实地警务。首先，研究人员将采访参与选区重新划分或受重新划分影响的 80 个利益相关者，以确定构建重新划分选区过程的网络和利益。接下来，研究人员通过对两个受影响最严重的地区进行一年的民族志观察，探讨了当前地区一级警察工作的社会组织。最后，研究人员通过对服务请求数据、逮捕和传票数据、犯罪数据和人口统计数据的纵向分析，描述了这一变化的预期和非预期后果。在研究住宅隔离与警务风格之间的关系时，研究人员确定了警务动态，不仅重新划定和维护隔离边界，而且通过在城市中积极创建不同类型的空间来重构隔离的本质。因此，这项研究既有助于犯罪社会学、犯罪学和社区研究，也有助于加强警察与被警察之间的关系。它有助于理解如何改变导致物质和象征性种族差异的进程，这些差异是这些关系的特征，并关注更广泛的历史和制度进程以及制度层面的任务。