Collaborative Research: Coring in the Southeast Indian and Southern Oceans to examine climate driven changes in watermass paleoventilation, sources, and structure
合作研究:在东南印度洋和南大洋取芯,以研究气候驱动的水体古通风、来源和结构的变化
基本信息
- 批准号:1558605
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 32.1万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Continuing Grant
- 财政年份:2017
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2017-02-01 至 2023-01-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Fifty times more CO2 resides in the ocean than the atmosphere. Exchange of CO2 with the atmosphere and the storage of CO2 in the ocean is an important control on atmospheric concentrations. During recent ice ages, atmospheric CO2 concentrations were naturally 30% lower than pre industrial levels. Extensive evidence indicates this reduction was caused by greater storage of CO2 in the ocean. Today, wind-driven air-sea exchange in the Southern Ocean is one of the primary mechanisms for CO2 exchange between these two reservoirs. During the last glacial interval, reduced exchange in the Southern Ocean driven by changes in ocean circulation and the resulting changes in ocean chemistry is believed to have played an important role in sequestering more CO2 in the ocean; however, there is ongoing debate about the specific state of glacial oceanic and atmospheric circulation in the Southern Ocean. Current studies are hampered by a lack of suitable sediment cores from key locations; existing cores are concentrated in the South Atlantic and Southwestern Pacific. There are clearly changes in the chemistry and circulation of water masses between these two regions, but there is little information available from the critical region of the Southern Indian Ocean where much of the CO2 exchange occurs today. The few cores from this area that do exist have been exhausted over the past 30 years of research. In this study, researchers will collect cores on a cruise to Southeast Indian Ocean waters and conduct the initial shore-based stratigraphic and environmental analyses. Collaborations with Australian scientists will be an integral part of this work and these cores will be an important resource for scientists around the world. The project supports the training of both a graduate student and a postdoctoral researcher.The circulation and ventilation of water masses at intermediate depths (~500-1400 m) in the Southern Indian Ocean are central to atmosphere-ocean CO2 partitioning. During glaciations changes in both thermohaline circulation and wind-driven Southern Ocean ventilation are believed to have played an important role in sequestering atmospheric CO2. A detailed understanding of the interaction between the physical mechanisms of thermohaline overturning circulation and wind-driven ventilation requires precise definition of changes in water mass boundaries and properties across the deglaciation. The use of vertical and horizontal transects of sediment core material has been fundamental in identifying past variations in the structure of the ocean. Published transects of paleo-proxies in the glacial South Atlantic differ substantially from the Southwest Pacific, leading to the idea that processes in the Southeast Indian Ocean had a significant influence on glacial CO2 exchange. Consequently, this work will constrain surface frontal locations that shift in response to changes in atmospheric circulation, as well as deep water mass boundaries and properties that vary with ocean circulation patterns. The cruise objective is to obtain 30-50 cores to create depth and latitudinal transects underlying both subantarctic and subtropical waters in the Southeast Indian Ocean from a region west and south of Australia. The scientific objective is to determine the temporal evolution of the horizontal and vertical distribution of proxies (e.g.13C, 18O, Nd isotopes) that will reconstruct the water source and ventilation history of this critical region of the Southern Ocean. The scientific outcomes will be to produce: 1) the first depth transect of water mass proxies in the Indian Ocean sector of the Southern Ocean over the last glacial cycle, and 2) a latitudinal transect of surface and deep water properties.
海洋中的二氧化碳含量是大气中的五十倍。 CO2 与大气的交换以及 CO2 在海洋中的储存是对大气浓度的重要控制。在最近的冰河时期,大气中二氧化碳浓度自然比工业化前水平低 30%。 大量证据表明,这种减少是由于海洋中二氧化碳储存量增加造成的。如今,南大洋风驱动的海气交换是这两个水库之间二氧化碳交换的主要机制之一。 在最后一个冰期期间,由于海洋环流的变化以及由此产生的海洋化学变化,南大洋的交换减少被认为在海洋中封存更多二氧化碳方面发挥了重要作用;然而,关于南大洋冰川海洋和大气环流的具体状态一直存在争论。目前的研究因关键地点缺乏合适的沉积物岩心而受到阻碍;现有核心集中在南大西洋和西南太平洋。这两个区域之间的水团化学和循环存在明显的变化,但目前南印度洋这一关键区域的二氧化碳交换量主要发生在该区域,但几乎没有可用的信息。该领域现存的少数核心在过去 30 年的研究中已被耗尽。在这项研究中,研究人员将在前往东南印度洋水域的航行中收集岩心,并进行初步的岸基地层和环境分析。与澳大利亚科学家的合作将成为这项工作不可或缺的一部分,这些核心将成为世界各地科学家的重要资源。该项目支持培养一名研究生和一名博士后研究员。南印度洋中等深度(~500-1400 m)水团的循环和通风是大气-海洋二氧化碳分配的核心。在冰川期,温盐环流和风驱动的南大洋通风的变化被认为在封存大气二氧化碳方面发挥了重要作用。要详细了解温盐翻转环流和风驱动通风的物理机制之间的相互作用,需要精确定义冰消过程中水体边界和特性的变化。使用沉积物芯材的垂直和水平横断面对于识别过去海洋结构的变化至关重要。已发表的南大西洋冰川古代理断面与西南太平洋有很大不同,因此人们认为东南印度洋的过程对冰川二氧化碳交换具有重大影响。因此,这项工作将限制随大气环流变化而变化的表面锋面位置,以及随海洋环流模式变化的深水团边界和特性。巡航目标是获得 30-50 个岩心,以在澳大利亚西部和南部地区的东南印度洋亚南极和亚热带水域下创建深度和纬度横断面。科学目标是确定代理(例如 13C、18O、Nd 同位素)水平和垂直分布的时间演变,这将重建南大洋这一关键区域的水源和通风历史。 科学成果将产生:1)最后一个冰川周期南大洋印度洋部分水体代理的第一个深度横断面,以及2)地表和深水特性的纬度横断面。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
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科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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Ellen Martin其他文献
Wildlife and Vegetation of Unmanaged Douglas-Fir Forests
未管理的花旗松森林的野生动物和植被
- DOI:
10.2307/3536714 - 发表时间:
1992-01-24 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
K. Kelsey;Janet L. Erickson;Ellen Martin;S. Nickelson;Cheryl A. Quade;A. Steel;A. Stringer;L. Ruggiero;K. Aubry;A. B. Carey;M. H. Huff - 通讯作者:
M. H. Huff
Antimicrobial stewardship challenges and innovative initiatives in the acute hospital setting during the COVID-19 pandemic
COVID-19 大流行期间急诊医院环境中的抗菌药物管理挑战和创新举措
- DOI:
10.1093/jac/dkaa400 - 发表时间:
2020-10-04 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:5.2
- 作者:
Ellen Martin;M. Philbin;G. Hughes;C. Bergin;A. F. Talento - 通讯作者:
A. F. Talento
Intensive Care Registered Nurses’ Role in Bereavement Support
重症监护注册护士在丧亲支持中的作用
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2014 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
M. Kurian;Sulata Daniel;A. James;Colleen James;L. Joseph;A. Malecha;Ellen Martin;J. Mick - 通讯作者:
J. Mick
City limits: urbanisation and vulnerability in Sudan Synthesis report
城市限制:苏丹的城市化和脆弱性综合报告
- DOI:
10.1080/09614524.2015.1020764 - 发表时间:
2011 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:1
- 作者:
S. Pantuliano;Margie Buchanan;Victoria Metcalfe;S. Pavanello;Ellen Martin - 通讯作者:
Ellen Martin
Managing Complex Research Datasets Using Electronic Tools: A Meta-Analysis Exemplar
使用电子工具管理复杂的研究数据集:荟萃分析范例
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
2013 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Sharon A. Brown;Ellen Martin;Theresa J Garcia;Mary A. Winter;Alexandra A. García;Adama Brown;H. Cuevas;Lisa L Sumlin - 通讯作者:
Lisa L Sumlin
Ellen Martin的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Ellen Martin', 18)}}的其他基金
Collaborative Research: Determining climate related changes in water mass structure, paleoventilation, and paleocirculation in the Southeast Indian and Southern Oceans
合作研究:确定东南印度洋和南大洋与气候相关的水团结构、古通风和古环流变化
- 批准号:
2230999 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 32.1万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: The Role of Ice Sheet Instability in Marine Carbon and Nutrient Cycling in the Eurasian Arctic
合作研究:冰盖不稳定在欧亚北极海洋碳和养分循环中的作用
- 批准号:
2231936 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 32.1万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Neglected fluxes: Understanding the evolution of weathering as continental ice sheets retreat
被忽视的通量:了解大陆冰盖退缩时风化的演变
- 批准号:
1603452 - 财政年份:2016
- 资助金额:
$ 32.1万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Sources and circulation of intermediate and deep waters and their role in Campanian-Maastrichtian global cooling
合作研究:中层水和深层水的来源和循环及其在坎帕尼亚-马斯特里赫特全球变冷中的作用
- 批准号:
1261562 - 财政年份:2013
- 资助金额:
$ 32.1万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Pb Isotopes in the Southern Ocean: A Study of Pb Systematics and Continental Weathering During the Eocene/Oligocene Transition
南大洋的铅同位素:始新世/渐新世过渡期间的铅系统学和大陆风化研究
- 批准号:
0926474 - 财政年份:2009
- 资助金额:
$ 32.1万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Tracking North Atlantic Water Column Structure and Circulation Through the Late Cretaceous Using Oxygen and Neodymium Isotopes in Fish Debris
合作研究:利用鱼残骸中的氧和钕同位素追踪白垩纪晚期的北大西洋水柱结构和循环
- 批准号:
0623393 - 财政年份:2007
- 资助金额:
$ 32.1万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Deep Water Circulation During the Middle to Late Miocene Carbonate Crash
中新世中晚期碳酸盐岩崩塌期间的深水循环
- 批准号:
0451170 - 财政年份:2005
- 资助金额:
$ 32.1万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
SGER Proposal- Evaluation of Fe-Mn Oxide Coatings as Ideal Archives of Deep Water Nd Isotopes on Cenozoic Time Scales
SGER 提案 - 评价 Fe-Mn 氧化物涂层作为新生代时间尺度深水 Nd 同位素理想档案
- 批准号:
0403437 - 财政年份:2004
- 资助金额:
$ 32.1万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Nd Isotope Investigation of North Atlantic Deep Water Production over the past 50,000 Years and Education in Geology
过去五万年北大西洋深水生产的 Nd 同位素研究和地质教育
- 批准号:
9629370 - 财政年份:1996
- 资助金额:
$ 32.1万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
RPG: An Investigation of U-Pb Systematics in Conodonts
RPG:牙形刺中 U-Pb 系统学的研究
- 批准号:
9526671 - 财政年份:1996
- 资助金额:
$ 32.1万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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