COLLABORATIVE RESEARCH: EAGER-NEON: Prototyping Assessment of Ecoclimate Teleconnections Affecting NEON Domains

合作研究：EAGER-NEON：影响 NEON 域的生态气候遥相关的原型评估

• 批准号: 1550641
• 负责人: Abigail Swann
• 金额: $ 11.37万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-01 至 2018-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1550641&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: COLLABORATIVE; RESEARCH; EAGER; NEON; Prototyping

Tree mortality is becoming increasingly widespread throughout the U.S. as a function of increasing temperature and drought. Large-scale tree die-off can feedback to affect climate through changes in water balance and surface reflectance (albedo). This project will use the Airborne Observation Platform (AOP) of the National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) to study the effects of tree mortality on local climate, and link this information to earth system models to study "teleconnections" in which ecological changes in one area influence climate and associated ecological responses in another. The project will develop the first large-scale assessment of forest vulnerability to drought-induced tree mortality based on species-specific temperature response functions determined in previous experiments. These results will be combined with analysis of vegetation structure from NEON AOP data and modeling of climatic feedbacks. This activity will provide a prototype for a new approach to continental-scale science capable of quantifying ecoclimate teleconnections and risks of tree die-off across NEON Domains and which can be broadly applied to other major types of land transformation.The project will synthesize pre-existing climate and remotely sensed (LiDAR and hyperspectral) observations relating surface properties to fluxes (albedo, latent heat fluxes) to estimate how the changes in vegetation force the atmosphere. This information will be used to evaluate how this forcing impacts other NEON Domains through ecoclimate teleconnections. The approach initially focuses on forest die-off as a rapid ecological change with direct linkages to climate signals. It will develop the first large-scale assessment of drought-induced tree mortality based on experimentally determined temperature sensitivities, and will improve constraints on ecoclimate teleconnection predictions through incorporation of NEON AOP data. Deliverables include 1) a current assessment of the likelihood and magnitude of die-off by Domain; 2) quantification of impacts of tree die-off in one Domain on others via ecoclimate teleconnections using model experiments; and 3) estimation of associated Domain by Domain risks of die-off impacts from a given Domain. The project also provides professional development for post-docs and early career scientist and has a broad outreach component through an art-science collaboration and seminars at the Biosphere 2 that reach 100,000 visitors/year.

由于温度和干旱的升高，树木死亡率越来越普遍。 大规模的树死亡会通过水平和表面反射率（反照率）的变化来影响气候。 该项目将使用国家生态天文台网络（NEON）的空中观测平台（AOP）来研究树木死亡对当地气候的影响，并将这些信息与地球系统模型联系起来，以研究“链链网”，其中一种区域的生态变化会影响另一个地区的气候和相关的生态反应。 该项目将根据先前实验中确定的物种特异性温度响应函数，对森林脆弱性进行首次大规模评估。 这些结果将与来自霓虹灯AOP数据和气候反馈建模的植被结构的分析相结合。 这项活动将为一种新方法提供一种原型，用于一种能够量化生态气候链息连接的大陆尺度科学的原型，以及跨霓虹灯领域的树木死亡的风险，可以将其广泛应用于其他主要的土地转换类型。估计植被的变化如何迫使大气。 该信息将用于评估这种强迫如何通过生态气候远程连接影响其他霓虹灯领域。该方法最初集中在森林死亡上，这是一种与气候信号直接联系的快速生态变化。它将基于实验确定的温度敏感性对干旱引起的树木死亡率进行首次大规模评估，并通过纳入霓虹灯AOP数据来改善对生态气候远程连接预测的约束。可交付成果包括1）当前评估域的可能性和幅度； 2）使用模型实验通过生态气候远程连接来量化一个域中树死亡对另一个域的影响； 3）通过给定领域的域估计域的影响域的风险。该项目还为后DOC和早期职业科学家提供了专业发展，并通过艺术科学的合作和在生物圈2的研讨会上拥有广泛的外展组成部分，每年可吸引100,000个访客。