EAGER: Renewables: Collaborative Research: Market Designs for Distribution Systems with High Renewable Penetration

EAGER：可再生能源：合作研究：具有高可再生能源渗透率的配电系统的市场设计

• 批准号: 1550016
• 负责人: Vijay Gupta
• 金额: $ 15万
• 依托单位: University of Notre Dame
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-15 至 2019-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1550016&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Renewables; Collaborative; Research; Market

The project aims to design electricity markets at the distribution system level of the electric power grid to accommodate the trend toward increased renewable energy based generation. The envisioned electricity markets will need to align the interests of so-called prosumers (electric power producers who are also electric power consumers) with overall system objectives. The long term aim of this research is to design and analyze markets to allow prosumers to be stakeholders and participants in achieving system objectives. In this specific project, the team designs mechanisms and markets for strategic prosumers to participate through an aggregator (whose role can also be performed by the distribution company) to provide three services - energy balance in the generator-to-home mode of operation, energy balance in the generator-to-grid mode of operation, and frequency regulation. By focusing interest on the intersection of the emerging power grid and market design, this project will also foster further research in developing a full theory and practice for the economics of the new power grid. Achievement of the project's objectives will, therefore, generate considerable momentum at the scientific, technological and economic levels to advance the functionality and harness the complexity of the new power grid, boosting American competitiveness and economy. Concrete educational and outreach plans including design of new courses and projects for undergraduate involvement in research are also provided.Many markets and mechanisms that guarantee useful properties such as efficiency, revenue optimality, and truthful revelation, in spite of strategic selfish agents are known. However, electricity markets are unlike many other commodity markets since electricity is difficult to store and is regulated in the sense that it has to be available on demand. The markets for large scale renewable integration pose additional challenges including information asymmetry and bounded rationality among participants, possible negative impact on system stability, and operation across various time scales. These challenges require new research both in the power grid (e.g., to identify the effect on the stability of the grid in real time) and in economics (e.g., for mechanism design to ensure optimal actions and not just truthful reporting). A new ecosystem consisting of old and new entities will emerge and their interfaces will have to be designed. This project focuses on design of markets and mechanisms for the crucial interface between the aggregator and the prosumers. The project explicitly considers the impact of information assymetry, limited computational capabilities, and effect on stability of the power grid. Many insights will be portable to other interactions, including between the ISO (independent system operator) and multiple aggregators as well as a commercial EV (electric vehicle) charging stations that wish to engage in arbitrage of energy using batteries of its customers. By unifying techniques from economics, power systems, control theory, and dynamical systems, this proposal takes aim at a high-risk high-reward problem crucial for ensuring a future with large scale distributed renewable integration.

该项目旨在在电网的分销系统水平上设计电力市场，以适应增加基于可再生能源的发电的趋势。所设想的电力市场将需要与所谓的Posumers（也是电力消费者的电力生产商）的利益与整体系统目标保持一致。这项研究的长期目的是设计和分析市场，以使生产商成为实现系统目标的利益相关者和参与者。在这个特定的项目中，团队设计了战略生产商的机制和市场，以通过聚合器（也可以由分销公司发挥作用）参与，以提供三种服务 - 在发电机到家庭的运营方式中的能量平衡，在生成器到网格的运行方式中的能量平衡和频率调节。通过将兴趣集中在新兴电网和市场设计的交集上，该项目还将促进进一步的研究，以为新电力网格的经济学开发完整的理论和实践。因此，实现项目目标将在科学，技术和经济水平上产生相当大的动力，以提高功能和利用新电网的复杂性，从而提高美国的竞争力和经济。还提供了具体的教育和外展计划，包括设计新课程和本科参与项目的项目。尽管有战略性的自私设施，但仍有保证有用的效率，效率，最佳优化和真实启示等有用属性的机制和机制。但是，由于电力难以存储，因此电力市场与许多其他商品市场不同，并且在必须按需使用的情况下受到监管。大规模可续签集成的市场提出了其他挑战，包括参与者之间的信息不对称和有限的理性，对系统稳定性的可能负面影响以及在各种时间尺度上的运作。这些挑战需要在电网中进行的新研究（例如，确定实时网格稳定性的影响）和经济学（例如，用于确保最佳行动，而不仅仅是真实报道的机制设计）。一个由新旧实体组成的新生态系统将出现，必须设计其界面。该项目着重于集合器和生产商之间关键接口的市场设计和机制。该项目明确考虑了信息分析，有限的计算能力以及对电网稳定性的影响。许多见解将用于其他互动，包括ISO（独立系统操作员）和多个聚合器之间以及希望使用其客户电池进行套利的能源套利的商用电动汽车（电动汽车）充电站。通过从经济学，电力系统，控制理论和动态系统中统一技术，该提案针对高风险的高回报问题，对于确保具有大规模分布的可再生能源集成的未来至关重要。