EAGER: Advanced Buffer Materials for CO2 Control, Improved Air Quality and Energy Conservation in Commercial Buildings

EAGER：用于二氧化碳控制、改善空气质量和商业建筑节能的先进缓冲材料

• 批准号: 1549736
• 负责人: Fateme Rezaei
• 金额: $ 3.05万
• 依托单位: Missouri University of Science and Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-15 至 2016-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1549736&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Advanced; Buffer; Materials; CO2

1549736RezaeiIndoor air pollution, for example, vapors from cooking, requires energy to insure adequate ventilation in homes. In addition to indoor air pollution, CO2 generated by people is not removed efficiently without expending energy. Further, CO2 has recently been shown to impair cognition and productivity. In this research, a novel passive CO2 control system is to be developed that incorporates advanced sorbents into surface coatings. These coatings adsorb CO2 during high-occupancy periods and release the CO2 during lower occupancy periods, thereby reducing peak concentrations of CO2, improving air quality and reduce the necessary ventilation energy requirements.The project is organized into three main tasks. In Task 1, CO2 sorbents are identified (or developed), characterized and tested for their adsorptive performance. A large number of possible CO2 sorbents have already been developed for CO2 capture from power plants. Of these, zeolites and activated carbon are likely to be good candidates for this application because they operate at low temperatures and CO2 binds weakly. In Task 2, sorbents identified in Task 1 will be incorporated into surface coatings. These coatings are intended to be very similar to those that would be used in buildings, e.g. water-based latex paint, so that the technology can be readily transferred to application. Experiments to test the adsorptive performance will be performed in bench-scale reactors. Key outcomes are coatings that will adsorb CO2 rapidly but also desorb readily without heating. In Task 3, the newly developed coatings will be applied to walls in a full-sized (8 m3) chamber. The chamber simulates a small room with appropriate ventilation rates, surface area, CO2 source rates, temperature and humidity controls. In this chamber, high and low occupancy periods can be simulated and the dynamic CO2 buffering capability of each coating can be assessed under full-scale, realistic conditions. The proposed research represents the first application of passive CO2 buffering technology to the problem of building air quality control and develops novel sorbent-coating systems that are uniquely suited to the conditions in buildings and requirements for non-thermal sorption/desorption. Further, it generates data on CO2 buffering under realistic conditions that allow for extrapolation to multiple building types and conditions and also generates predictions about the applicability and energy consequences of CO2 buffering for building stock across the U.S.

1549736 Rezaeiinoor空气污染，例如烹饪的蒸气，需要能量以确保房屋中的充分通风。除了室内空气污染之外，如果没有消耗能量，人们产生的二氧化碳也不会有效去除。此外，最近已显示二氧化碳会损害认知和生产力。在这项研究中，将开发出一种新型的无源二氧化碳控制系统，该系统将晚期吸附剂纳入表面涂层中。这些涂层在高占用时期内吸附二氧化碳，并在较低的占用时间内释放二氧化碳，从而降低峰值浓度，改善空气质量并降低必要的通风能量需求。该项目被组织成三个主要任务。在任务1中，识别（或开发）的二氧化碳吸附剂，以其吸附性能进行了特征和测试。已经开发了大量可能的二氧化碳吸附剂，用于发电厂的二氧化碳捕获。其中，沸石和活性炭可能是该应用的良好候选者，因为它们在低温下运行，并且二氧化碳的结合较弱。在任务2中，任务1中确定的吸附剂将纳入表面涂层中。这些涂料旨在与建筑物中使用的涂料非常相似，例如水性乳胶油漆，以便可以轻松地将技术传输到应用中。测试吸附性能的实验将在台式反应堆中进行。关键结果是涂料会迅速吸附二氧化碳，但也很容易取消加热。在任务3中，新开发的涂料将用于全尺寸（8 M3）腔室的墙壁。腔室模拟了一个小房间，具有适当的通风速率，表面积，二氧化碳源速率，温度和湿度控制。在此腔室中，可以模拟高和低占用周期，并且可以在全尺度，现实的条件下评估每个涂层的动态CO2缓冲能力。拟议的研究代表了被动二氧化碳缓冲技术在建设空气质量控制和开发新颖的吸附涂层系统的问题上的首次应用，这些系统非常适合建筑物的条件和非热吸附/解吸的要求。此外，它在现实条件下生成了有关CO2缓冲的数据，该数据允许外推到多种建筑类型和条件，还可以预测二氧化碳缓冲二氧化碳对美国建筑库存的适用性和能源后果。